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1、2022年磨料磨具工业职工大学自考英语（二） 练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【2009.01 What he told us was more of a(n)than a reality.A、illusionB、demonstrationC、illustrationD、reputation【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。句意:他告诉我们的更可能是幻想而不是现实。 考查名词词义。A幻想，错误观念；B演示，证明；C图解，实例；D名声， 名誉。第2题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Although no other game is exactly like baseball, p
2、erhaps the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket (板球),Q: Baseball shares many features with the English game of cricket.A、TrueB、FalseC Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。此题对应的语句为:the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket,因此是正确的。第3题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】For any given task in Britain
3、there are more men than are needed.【I阅读选择】Demands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hide the fact that similar needs are felt in the rest of Europe. Studies by the Council of Europe, of which 21 counties are members, have shown that 45 per cent of reptile （J爬行类的）species and 2
4、4 per cent of butterflies are in danger of dying out.Recent studies by the council of Europe have indicated that.A、wildlife needs more protection only in Britain.B、all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of dying out.C、 there are fewer species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe than elsew
5、here. D、 many species of reptiles an butterflies in Europe need protecting.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选Do本段的第二个句子是这么说的：有21个国家组成的欧 洲委员会的研究说明，45%的爬行动物和24%的蝴蝶濒临灭绝。由此可见，D是 正确的答案。第21题【单项选择题】2008.04 The cloth had a natural look which perfectly the image Laurasought.A、turned outB、set downC、thought overD、coincided with
6、【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查短语意义辨析。这块布料看起来很自然，与劳拉寻找的样 式完全相符。A.关闭；B.制定、放下；D.与相同、与相符。第22题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Today, working less than a 40-hour week, people enjoy more leisure time. Hence, the wise use of leisure time has become an important problem for everyone, young or old. It is a particularly difficult problem for
7、 the sick, the aged, and10 those who have retired from earning a living. Those people have so much leisure that it is hard for them to find interesting and worthwhile ways to use it.How to spend leisure time wisely is not a particularly difficult problem for people.A、who are very busy everydayB、who
8、are sick in bedC、who are aged and in good healthD、who have retired from work【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题可采用排除法，第三句话（It is a particularly difficult problem for the sick, the aged, and those who have retired from earning a living.）,可以看出这三 类人对于怎样度过空闲时光是特别困难的，所以可以排除BCD项，选A。第23题【单项选择题】2007.04 Because of the bad weath
9、er, the sports meet had to be.A、shut downB、done awayC、gone offD、called off【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。call off：取消，符合句意。shutdown：关闭（工 厂）；（工厂）停工，关闭。do away常与with搭配，构成do away with。go off： 爆炸，（闹铃）响。第24题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】You think that the biggest threat to your health when taking a shower comes from slipping on a
10、bar of soap? Well, guess again.Q: This paragraph is a question to which the author hopes to have a positive answer from the reader.A、TrueB、False11C、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。这段话的意思是：你认为淋浴的时候对健康最大的威胁 是踩在一块肥皂上而滑倒?好的，再猜一猜。这里的“再猜一猜可以得知作者希 望的不是一个 positive answer, 而是一个 negative answer。第25题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】O
11、rganisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their structure, function and genetics, in their development and production of the young and in other respects. An organism may create its own environment, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the ability to adjust body heat exac
12、tly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather. Usually adaptations are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that, if conditions change, it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt to the new conditions.The author cites the behav
13、ior of warm-blooded mammals in order to show that a living thing may have the ability.A、to create an environment of its ownB、to remain still when an enemy is nearC、to make food from inorganic chemicalsD to change the color of its skin【正确答案】A【答案解析】作者举例，证明观点；例子不需要看懂，关键要看论据；一般论点 在前（前一句或段落首句），论据在后。第26题【
14、单项选择题】【概括大意】Many of lifes failures, the supreme innovator said, are people who did not realize how close they were to success when they gave up, Before that magical moment in October 1879, Edison had worked out no fewer than 3,000 theories about electric light, but in only two cases did his experime
15、nts work.The main12idea of this paragraph is.A、Importance of learning from failureB、Never a successful man gives upC、It is important to fail for a successful manD、EdisonS comment on failure【正确答案】D【答案解析】通过应用局部可以看出这段文字的主题是爱迪生对失败的评论。因此选择Do第27题【单项选择题】2010.04 The spokesman occasionally his speech with ge
16、stures.A、acknowledgesB、accompaniesC、attributesD、anticipates【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查词汇。【译文】这位发言人讲演中偶尔伴有手势。第28题【单项选择题】It is important to your skin from the harmful strong sunlight.A、protectB、 preventC、stopD、 keep【正确答案】A【答案解析】protectfrom意为保护免受”第29题【单项选择题】13【阅读判断】When our Neolithic ancestors, living in the Mid
17、dle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer yields the next season, the first great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken.Q: People living in the Middle East first learned to grow plants for food about 10,0
18、00 years ago.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。利用10, 000作为答案线索词（因为年代通常是用数字 表示），于是发现有句子提到当生活在约一万年前中东地区的人们发现从某些植 物中可以收获粮食，并且播种后下一个收获季节还能产出更多的粮食时，就迈开 了植物和人类联系的第1大步。第30题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】People suspected that “Lucky”, as he was called by friends, wanted to kill his wife he no longer lived with. They
19、say that Lucan entered his old house and in the dark, killed the nanny by mistake. His estranged wife heard noises, came downstairs and was also attacked, but managed to escape. Seven months after the murder, a jury concluded that Lucan had killed the nanny.lt is thought that Lucan killed the nanny
20、because.A、she was looking after the childrenB、she was a friend of LucansC、it was dark and he thought she was Lady LucanD、Loa rd Lucan thought the nanny stole his car【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选C。因果关系题。对照本段People suspected thatLucky, as he was called by friends, wanted to kill his wife he no longer lived with. T
21、hey say that Lucan entered his old house and in the dark, killed the nanny by mistake.本来是14要杀他的妻子，可是因为天太黑，所以错杀了保姆。答案选C。第31题【单项选择题】阅读选择In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying out, experime
22、nting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability. Bricks and jigsaws（七工5板）and construction toys; painting, scribbling（涂鸦）and making things; Sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play; the first social games for learning to play and get on with others .We learn from t
23、he passage that a child has boundless curiosity.A、when he is two.B、when he is around four.C、 when he is six.D、when he is eight.【正确答案】B【答案解析】 根据 In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds可以得出答案是B。第32题【单项选择题】【填句补文】 Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are fo
24、rcing the other person to answer questions and have no right to inquire about his personal secrets. Unless the person really hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him.A、 This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary.B、 This doesnt necessarily mean that it will go we
25、ll.C、 Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting.D、Both of you need time to get to know each other.【正确答案】A【答案解析】抓住关键词进行同义替换，也就是afraid,选项中this fear就是对15这种担忧的补充，这种担忧是完全没有必要的，除非被采访者确实是讨厌别人问 自己。第33题【单项选择题】【填句补文】There is a difference between science and technology. . Science has to do with disc
26、overing the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for applying the findings of science.A、Another distinction between science and t
27、echnology has to do with the progress in each.B、 We are all familiar with the improper use of technology.C、Unlike science, progress in technology must be measured in terms of the human factor.D、Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical proble
28、ms.【正确答案】D【答案解析】第一句总述了科学和技术是有差异的。缺空后是对两者的分述，因 此缺空处也应是对两者的分述，应选D。第34题【单项选择题】2009.01 I was writing a report last night;I would not have stayed up late.A、howeverB、otherwiseC、thereforeD、furthermore【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查副词词义辨析。句意：我昨天晚上写一个报告，否那么我就 不会熬夜了。A然而，不过；B否那么，要不然；C因此，所以；D再者，而且。16第35题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】The chi
29、ldren dont just plan any city. They map and analyze （分析）the housing, energy, and transportation requirements of their own district and foretell its needs in 100 years. With the aid of an architect （建筑师）who visits the classroom once a week, they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of
30、 their creations/Designing buildings of the future gives children a lot of freedom/ says the teacher who developed this program. They are able to use their own rich imagination and inventions without fear of blame, because there are no wrong answers in a future context. In fact, as the class enters
31、the final model-building stage of the program, an elected official and planning group make all the design decisions for the model city, and the teacher steps back and becomes an adviser/An architect pays a weekly visit to the classroom.A、to find out kids creative ideasB、to discuss with the teacherC
32、to give children lecturesD、to help kids with their program【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据本段中的 With the aid of an architect who visits the classroom once a week, they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations可知答案为D。句中的aid意为帮助,与help同义。第36题【单项选择题】2008.04 The vehicle was traveling at speed
33、s 90 miles per hour.A、in addition toB、in view ofC、in excess ofD、in search of【正确答案】C17【答案解析】此题考查短语辨析。那辆车以超过每小时90英里的速度行驶。A.除之外、例外；B.由看来、有鉴于；C.过分、超出；D.寻找、追 求。第37题【单项选择题】阅读选择Calorie restriction dramatically extends the lifespan of organisms as different as worms and rodents. Whether this works in humans
34、 is still unknown partly because few people are willing to submit to such a strict diet.According to the passage, we do not know whether humans will benefit from taking in fewer calories partly because.A、humans, worms and rodents are different.B、most people are not willing to be put on a strict diet
35、.C、the effect is not known.D、 genetic changes in tissues can not be performed on humans.【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题答案可从本段的最后一句话中找出。第38题【单项选择题】2010.04 We should this in mind: Dont judge a person by his appearance.A、 bearB、putC、placeD、print【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查词汇题。【译文】我们应当牢牢记住：不要以貌取人。详 细解答】牢记在心：bear in mind或者keep in
36、mind第39题【单项选择题】18【填句补文】All children in the United States have to receive an education, but the law does not say they have to be educated at school. A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school. There are about 300,000 home-schoolers in the United States today.A、Critics also say th
37、at most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.B、 In some countries, however, children are educated by their parents.C、 Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions.D、Children who are educated at home are known as home-schoolers.11【正确答案】D【答案解析】后文出现了 home-schoolers,根据选项，
38、这里应该是对这个词的定 义，因此选D。第40题【单项选择题】2009.7 He would that all the classified data should be kept safe when inoffice.A、assureB、 ensureC、insureD、secure【正确答案】B【答案解析】【译文】他保证在办公室里的所有机密数据处于平安状态。【试题分 析】动词意义区分题。【详细解答】A使确信，使有信心；B确保（某事）发生， 担保；C为投保，给.保险；D平安的，没有危险的第41题【单项选择题】【2009.7 An employee has perfect reliability
39、 if he always does his work.A、personallyB、scarcelyC、respectively19Strong unions keep them there. In Fleet Street, home of some of Londons biggest dailies, it is understood that when two unions quarrel over three jobs the argument is settled by giving each union two. That means 33 per cent over manni
40、ng, 33 per cent less productivity than could be obtained.What happens when disputes over job opportunities arise among British unions?A、 Thirty three per cent of the workers will be out of work.B、More jobs will be created by the union.C、More people will be employed than necessary.D、 The unions will
41、try to increase productivity.【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段开头告诉读者”.there are more men than are needed.when two unions quarrel over three jobs, the argument is settled by giving each union two,接 下来作者又进一步说明其实质,即它意味着33 per cent over manning, 33 per cent less productivity than could be obtained”。第4题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】The fa
42、rm is set right next to a beautiful flood plain and the property is home to trees that have lived for thousands of years. All of the villages throughout Botswana （博茨瓦纳）have their own chief who controls a certain amount of land. We had the opportunity to sit in on a meeting with the chief of Katchiko
43、w, which we called it “Catch a Cow. In the meeting we discussed starting a hydroponics farm in his area. He seemed to be all for it and said that it was gods plan that the project we were helping with had come to his area.The chief of each village.A、is called KatchikowB、supports the idea of hydropon
44、ics farmC has a certain amount of landD、has a meeting each week【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co细节理解题。根据所考关键词chief迅速锁定本段介绍D、responsibly【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查副词意义区分。【译文】如果一个员工做工作总是认真负 责，他就是完全可信赖的。【详细解答】A亲自地；B几乎不；C个别地；D可靠 地第42题【单项选择题】2007.04 Because of the bad weather, the sports meet had to be.A、shut downB、done awayC、go
45、ne offD、called off【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。call off：取消，符合句意。shut down：关闭（工 厂）；（工厂）停工，关闭。do away常与with搭配，构成do away with。go off： 爆炸，（闹铃）响。第43题【单项选择题】2008.10 Johnson was unknown before running for the presidency.A、visiblyB、visuallyC、verticallyD、virtually【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查（形近的）副词词义区分。译文：事实上，约翰逊在参选 总统职位之前是个无
46、名人土。A显然，明显地 B外表上，直观地C垂直地， 直立地 D实际上，事实上第44题【单项选择题】202009.04 It is not decided the conference will be held.A、whatB、whichC、whenD、that【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查主语从句的引导词的选择。译文：大会什么时候召开还没 有决定。详细解答：A什么；B哪一个；C什么时候；D （无词义）。第45题【单项选择题】2008.04 Fish is and expensive at this time of the year in this area.A、in large measu
47、reB、to the minimumC、in short supplyD、to the maximum【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查短语意义辨析。这个地区在一年中的这个时候鱼的供应不 足，价格昂贵。in short supply：缺货、供货缺乏。第46题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their structure, function and genetics, in their development and production of the youn
48、g and in other respects. An organism may create its own environment, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the ability to adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather. Usually adaptations are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that, if co