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1、2022年哈尔滨北方航空职业技术学院自考 英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【2009.01 You should help them when your friends quarrel with each other.A、come into sightB、come to termsC、come into playD、come to power【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查短语的习惯用法。句意：当你的朋友吵架时，你应当帮助 他们协调一下。come into或come to都表示进入（某种状态）。A映入眼帘； B.达成协议，妥协；C开始运作；D.上台，开始掌权。第2题【单
2、项选择题】We have to stop talking here outside. Listen,!Hurry up, or well be late.A、There goes the bellB、There does the bell goC、There the bell goesD、Goes the bell there【正确答案】A【答案解析】在以here, there, up, down, in, on, out, away, off等副词开头的句子里, 主语是名词时，句子主谓全部倒装，以示强调。但主语是人称代词时，不倒装。第3题【单项选择题】2009.10 The traffic
3、was held up for more than thirty minutes,caused me第21题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】One reason is economic. In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful. Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age. In an industrial economy, th
4、e situation is different. Many children do not help a family; instead, they are an expense. Thus, industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate. This was the case in Italy, which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly. In the early part of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor
5、, largely agricultural country with a high birth rate. After World WarQ, Italys economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized. By the end of the century, the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman, the worlds lowest.ln a traditional agricultural economy, a large family.A、can be an adva
6、ntageB、may limit incomeC、isnt necessaryD、is expensive【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选 A。对照本段 In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful.大的家庭是有帮助的，选项中最接近意思的是A,成为一个优势，答 案是Ao第22题【单项选择题】（概括大意】The VLT （Very Large Telescope） is the worlds largest telescope （望 远镜）and is taking astronomers （天文学家）furt
7、her back to the Big Bang than they ever thought possible. Located 2,600 metres up in the Chilean Andes, it has four huge mirrors, each about the size of a London bus. The VLT is so powerful it can spot a burning match 10,000 kilometres away.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Biggest telescope10B、P
8、ower of the telescopeC、Ructions of VLTD、Birth of the new telescope【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段文字主要介绍了世界上最大的望远镜。第23题【单项选择题】【阅读选择 J Roxaboxen is based on the true story of a group of children, growing up in the Arizona desert. There children can be a bit wild and much free, and they play outside from dawn to dusk.
9、 The children discover the make-believe （虚假的）town, built on the hill across from their neighborhood. The town, called Roxaboxen, becomes the center of their play as the children grow, but the story is not just about the time spent in Roxaboxen as young children. More than that, this book is about th
10、e way that imagination and secret places stay with us as we grow older and become a part of who we are. It is about the way that it helps us to grow into the adults that we become. What does the books name Roxaboxen refer to?A、A child.B、A library.C、A period of time.D、A place.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D0查找细节题o
11、短文本段+明显一句话提到,The town, called Roxaboxen,所以指的是一个地方的名字。第24题【单项选择题】2007.04 Jenny complained that the hospital her too much for the treatment.A、 expendedB、paid11C、costD、charged【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。charge：要价；索价；要人支付；收费。例如： The fruit seller charged me too much money.这个水果商要了我很多的钱。第25题【单项选择题】The Group of E
12、ight the eight richest countries in the world.A、consists byB、consists ofC、is consisted byD、is consisted of【正确答案】B【答案解析】consist of意为由.组成“由.构成，consist无被动式。第26题【单项选择题】2010.04 The student described the beautiful mountains and rivers in hishome town.A、artificiallyB、vividlyC、criticallyD、viciously【正确答案】B【答
13、案解析】此题考查副词的词义辨析。这个学生生动地描述了他的家乡美丽的 山河。第27题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of what/s going on with the elements/ says Albert Galy from the University of Cambridge.12A、An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table （元素周期表）to make chemistry simpler to teach to students.B、The tr
14、aditional periodic table was well drawn.C、“I imagine contour lines would be good for undergraduates/D But he has added contour lines to charge density, helping to explain which ions react with which.【正确答案】C【答案解析】这一段是剑桥大学的Albert Galy的原话，我们可以从引导整个关键 点得出答案。即：“地学化学家们只想通过直觉判断元素的活动。我想等高线对 学生们有好处。第28题【单项选择
15、题】【填句补文】David Guterson and his wife teach their three children at home. Guterson says that his children learn very differently from children in school:. For example, when there is heavy snowfall on a winter day, it may start a discussion or reading about climate, snow removal equipment, Alaska, pola
16、r bears （北极熊）,and winter tourism. A spring evening when the family is out watching the stars is a good time to ask questions about satellites and the space program.A、Some parents prefer teaching their children at home because they do not believe that public schools teach the correct religious values
17、.B、Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions.C、 Interestingly, results show that home-schooled children quite often do better than average on national tests in reading and math.D、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children. 【正确答案】B【答案解析】此空要填的是ho
18、me-schoolers与其他孩子学习的不同点，因此选B。第29题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Home schooling is often more interesting than regular schools, but13 critics say that home-schoolers are outsiders who might be uncomfortable mixing with other people in adult life. However, most parents dont have the time or the desire to teach their ch
19、ildren at home, so schools will continue to be where most children get their formal education.A、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.B、A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school.C、Children who are educated at home are known as home-sc
20、hoolers.D、Others believe they can provide a better educational experience for their children by teaching them at home.【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段大意是“对home schooling提出了质疑，需要注意前面说到 了critics say”,空格处与之对应的是Critics also say。第30题【单项选择题】【完戈句子】The importance of particular metals in the human diet has been realized with
21、in the past few decades, and the idea that geology might be related to health has been recognized for a number of elements such as iodine, zinc and selenium. For example, soils with low iodine contents produce crops, and animals deficient in iodine. A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some s
22、erious diseases.Some serious diseases is connected with deficiency of.A、industrially polluted soilsB、the element of iodineC、rock and soil chemistryD、the persistence of heavy metals【正确答案】B【答案解析】通过关键词Some serious diseases,可将题目定位于最后一句话:A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases,
23、deficiency of 和 lack of表达同样的意思缺乏、缺少，因此根据这句话可以判断答案为B。14第31题【单项选择题】【概括大意】If you are tired of making vague excuses for another dull summer at home, here is a thought to lift your spirits. You do not need anything so radical as winning a lottery （彩票）to finance a trip to Europe. A student identity card t
24、hat can be obtained for a few dollars from the Council on International Educational Exchange entitles （给予、授权）you to discount tickets （打折机票）on certain charter flights to London and Paris, as well as reduced admission to many museums, cinemas, and musical events. Once in Europe, you can stay at approv
25、ed youth hostels for about two dollars a night. So dont give up your hopes of becoming an international traveler.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、 It is easy for a student to travel in Europe during the summer.B、The student needs to obtain an identity card to travel at a cheap rate.C、The student
26、 could stay at approved youth hostels for about two dollars a night. D、 The students will become international travelers in summer.【正确答案】A【答案解析】这段话主要讲学生暑假去欧洲的一些优惠来论证学生去欧洲旅行是 很容易的。因此选择A。第32题【单项选择题】2009.7 The wounded soldiers would recover quickly if they were well.A、nourishedB、stuffedC、tamedD、venture
27、d【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查过去分词意义区分。译文：如果受伤的战士营养很好，他 们就会很快痊愈。A营养，滋养；B填满，塞满；C驯服（猛兽）；D冒险第33题【单项选择题】15【阅读选择】War may be a natural expression of biological instinct and drives toward aggression in the human species. Natural impulses of anger, hostility, and territoriality （守卫地盘的天性）are expressed through acts of vi
28、olence. These are all qualities that humans share with animals. Aggression is a kind of innate （天生的） survival mechanism, an instinct for self-preservation, that allows animals to defend themselves from threats to their existence. But, on the other hand, human violence shows evidence of being a learn
29、ed behavior. In the case of human aggression, violence can not be simply reduced to an instinct. The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior. In human societies violence has a social function: It is a strategy for creatin
30、g or destroying forms of social order. Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing the powers of violence. We will look at the ritual and ethical （道德上 的）patterns within which human violence has been directed. Human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior in that.A、it thre
31、atens the existing social systemsB、it is influenced by societyC、it has roots in religious conflictsD、it is directed against institutions of law【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段指出了人类暴力的两个特性，其中第二个特性是a learned behavior%可以知道此题的答案应该就在本段的后面局部。接下来的第二句话即 说人类暴力的诸多表现形式都受社会习惯的制约：The many expressions of human violence are always
32、 conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior,将其定型为侵略性行为。第34题【单项选择题】The government called out policemen to suppress the riot.A、政府派警察镇压动乱B、政府把警察叫出来镇压动乱16C、政府给警察打 让他们出去压迫动乱D、政府高喊要警察出去镇压动乱【正确答案】A【答案解析】to suppress the riot在句子中是作目的状语，表示警察来是镇压动 乱的，所以答案为A。第35题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Rhythm
33、 in literature is a more or less regular occurrence of certain elements of writing: a word, a phrase, an idea, a sound, or a grammatical construction. We are also accustomed to this recurrence in the alternate heavy and light beats in music. Our love for rhythm seems to be innate: witness the respon
34、ses of a small child to lively music. Children love to beat on toy drums or empty boxes. They stamp their feet and chant nursery rhymes or nonsense syllables, not unlike primitive dancers. As children grow older, they are taught to restrain their responses to rhythm, but our love of rhythm remains.
35、We live in rhythms; in fact we are governed by rhythms.According to the passage, an adults reaction to rhythm in music would probably be.A、uninhibitedB indifferentC、restrainedD、responsible【正确答案】C【答案解析】该题的解题依据在本段结尾局部As children grow older, they are taught to restrain their responses to rhythm.”。作者讲：随
36、着孩子的年龄逐渐增大， 大人就会教他们抑制对节奏的反响，等他们长大之后，他们对音乐节奏的反响, 更可能受到抑制。第36题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Sagan was noted for the vigour of his logic style, especially when17 criticizing some piece of pseudoscience （伪科学）.I remembered a 1973 AAAS meeting at which he destroyed the theories of Immanuel Velikovsky, who was maintaining
37、that only a few thousands of years ago, Venus had repeatedly collided with Earth and Mars; events well noted. Velikovsky said, in the bible.In Sagans opinion, Velikovsky might be.A、a member of the National Academy of ScienceB、a pseudo-scientistC、a science populariserD、a reporter【正确答案】B【答案解析】从这段文字中，我
38、们可以了解到作者认为，Sagan与伪科学作斗争 的一个实例就是Sagan摧毁了 Velikovsky的错误论述,即Velikovsky提出，在过 去几千年中，水星与地球和火星反复屡次相撞，这在圣经中有加载。第37题【单项选择题】【2007.04 The newspaper will have to close down if it cannot increase its considerably.A、distributionB、contributionC、prescriptionD、circulation【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。circulation：（书报杂志的）销售量，
39、发行额， 销路。符合句意。第38题【单项选择题】2009.01 The twin sisters were identical appearance and character.A、ofB、with18C、inD、to【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查介词词义。句意：这对双胞胎姐妹的面容和性格都一模一 样。be identical to/with完全相同的，一模一样的。此题要说明在某个方面是一 样的，应选C。第39题【单项选择题】【阅读选择Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn
40、and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the trouble of searching for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharp hours
41、.You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will.A、help to keep your energy for the days workB、help you to control your temper early in the dayC、enable you to concentrate on your routine workD、keep your energy cycle under control all day【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题问的是因果关系。回答这一问题的关键是看懂本段的第二句和 其他句子
42、的联系。首先要注意这一段的第一句Get off to a slow start which saves your energy,也就是说早上慢慢起床可以节省能量。紧接该句的三个句子都是 慢慢起床的具体做法。因此选项A是正确答案。第40题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Posture. A good posture makes you feel better about yourself. This makes breathing more difficult, which in turn can make you feel nervous or uncomfortable.A、If you are
43、feeling down, you normally dont sit straight, with your shoulders19 to arrive late.A、itB、 thatC、whatD、which【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查非限制性定语从句。整句话的意思是：交通阻塞30多分 钟，这使得我到达晚了。第4题【单项选择题】【填句补文】David Guterson and his wife teach their three children at home. Guterson says that his children learn very differently from
44、 children in school:. For example, when there is heavy snowfall on a winter day, it may start a discussion or reading about climate, snow removal equipment, Alaska, polar bears （北极熊）,and winter tourism. A spring evening when the family is out watching the stars is a good time to ask questions about
45、satellites and the space program.A、Some parents prefer teaching their children at home because they do not believe that public schools teach the correct religious values.B Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions.C、 Interestingly, results show that home-schooled children quite ofte
46、n do better than average on national tests in reading and math.D、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children. 【正确答案】B【答案解析】此空要填的是home-schoolers与其他孩子学习的不同点，因此选B。第5题【单项选择题】阅读选择The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law. The more develo
47、ped a legal system becomes, the more society takes responsibility for the discovery, control, and punishment of violent acts. In most tribal societies the inwards.B、Body language is a broad term for several forms of communication using body movements or gestures.C、 Body language differs from culture
48、 to culture.D、If you are at interviews, try to keep them still.【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段讲的是身体姿势。填充句后一个句子提到“this会使呼吸更加 困难，this显然指的是一种不太好的身体姿势，因此此题答案为A。第41题【单项选择题】2010.04 We should this in mind: Dont judge a person by his appearance.A、 bearB putC、placeD、print【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查词汇题。【译文】我们应当牢牢记住：不要以貌取人。详 细解答】牢记在心:bear in mind或者keep in mind第42题【单项选择题】2009.10 So far scientists have only acquired understanding of the physicalprocesses that cause earthquakes.A、a partialB、a changeableC an originalD、an i