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1、2022年哈尔滨应用职业技术学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】2010.04 By the end of next year the bridge.A、is to completeB、has been completedC、will be completedD、will have been completed【正确答案】D【答案解析】【译文】到明年年底之前，这座桥修建将完成。【试题分析】此题 考查语法。【详细解答】动词时态。by the end of到时为止；在之前。将来 完成时态，用于表达在将来某时间以前已经完成的动作。第2题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】On the
2、 other hand, more people working for longer would create greater competition for jobs. It would make it more difficult for younger people to find a job. Top posts would be dominated by the same few individuals, making career progress more difficult. And how easily would a 25-year-old employee be abl
3、e to communicate with a 125-year-old boss?AII of the following are possible effects living longer might have on working life EXCEPT.A、 Communication between employers and employees would be more difficult.B、 More money would be used by employees in payment of their employees.C、The job market would b
4、e more competitive.D、 It would be more difficult for young people to be promoted to top positions.【正确答案】B【答案解析】是非判断题。对照原文第九自然段On the other hand, more people that we all possess and which determines in some way the extent of our achievements. Its Value therefore, was as a predictor of childrens futur
5、e learning. If they differed markedly in their ability to learn complex tasks, then it was clearly necessary to educate them differently and the need for different types of school and even different ability groups within school was obvious. Intelligence tests could be used for streaming children acc
6、ording to ability at an early age; and at 11 these tests were superior to measures of attainment for selecting children for different types of secondary education. It was once believed, and thus we can tell how successful he/she will be in the future according to his/her intelligence.A、born to be mo
7、re intelligent or less intelligentB、taught to be more intelligentC、that intelligence was something a baby was born withD、and because of the lack of communication with his classmates【正确答案】c【答案解析】空格处需要真正的主语（It是形式主语），因此根据语法结构判断C 是答案。该句大意是人们曾经一度相信，智力是一个孩子天生所具有的，因为 我们可以根据他/她的智力水平判断他/她在将来是否会取得成功。第20题【单项选择
8、题】2009.04 If payment is not received, legal action will be our only.A、aggressionB、advantageC、alternativeD、ambition【正确答案】c【答案解析】译文：如果我们收不到付款，那就只好诉诸法律了。试题分析：词 义选择题。详细解答：A挑衅、侵犯；B优势、优点；C选择、取舍；D野心、 抱负。10第21题【单项选择题】【2009.01 Whenever I go out to dinner with him, I always paying the bill.A、end upB、arrive at
9、C drop outD、give off【正确答案】A【答案解析】句意：每当我与他外出吃饭，最后总是我付账。考查短语意义区分。A以而告终；B到达，取得；C不参加，隐退；D散发。第22题【单项选择题】2009.04 Dont trust everything you have read in the newspapers.A、whichB、 thatC asD、what【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查定语从句。译文：不要相信你在报纸上读到的每件事。定 语从句所修饰的先行词是不定代词everything,应选B。第23题【单项选择题】2009,04 The conclusion from the
10、 study is not definite; it is just.A、tentativeB、validC technicalD、thorough【正确答案】A【答案解析】译文：这项研究的结论不是一定的；它只是试探性的。试题分析:11 形容词词义选择题。详细解答：A不确定的、试探性的；B正当的、有根据的、 有效的；C技术性的、专门技术的；D彻底的、十足的。第24题【单项选择题】【2009.01 If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get.A、concentratedB、confusedC、confirmedD、conv
11、inced【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查形近形容词意义区分。句意:如果你试图一次学太多东西， 你就有可能糊涂了。A.浓缩的，专心的；B糊涂的，混淆的；C根深蒂固的；D 确信的。第25题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Technology is a beauty. We eagerly adopt its pleasure, preferring to cope with the drawbacks on the morning after.Q: Technology is like an art, which everybody including scientists loves.A、True
12、B、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选c。这段提到了 technology是一种美的享受，但是没有说它 是一种艺术，更没有说我们每个人都热爱这门艺术。第26题【单项选择题】【2009.7 The house was quiet in the night,the occasional coughing from my throat.12A、as forB、such asC、instead ofD、except for【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查短语意义区分。译文：除了偶尔我咳嗽一下以外，这所房 子在夜晚非常安静。A至于，关于；B例如；C代替，而不是；D除了以第
13、27题【单项选择题】2007.04 If the operation carefully prepared, it would not have beensuccessful.A、was notB、has not beenC、had not beenD、were not【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查虚拟语气。主句是对过去的虚拟，所以根据句意，条件状 语从句也应该是对过去的虚拟，所以用had done的形式。句意：如果手术没有 经过认真仔细的准备，它就不会成功。第28题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】And yet although the Mayas knew about the wheel,
14、 they never used it. Neither did they use metals other than copper. What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned（抛弃）many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle. Some time around AD900, Mayan civilization collapsed. By the year 1200, their last great capital, Chichen Itza, was
15、 deserted.One of the most surprising findings about Mayas was that.A、 they developed accurate system measuring time.13B、 they knew how to build pyramids with stones.C they deserted their cities and moved to new ones.D、 they built cities which they never lived in.【正确答案】C【答案解析】对应点为 What is ever more s
16、urprising is that they suddenly abandoned many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle.是对原文语意进行了 转化，最高级代替了比拟级。第29题【单项选择题】2007.04 The furniture in her bedroom is quite different from in theliving room.A、thatB、itC、oneD、which【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查复合句。that在本句中指代the furniture,目的是为了避 免重复。which用于引导句子或短语，
17、在此也不能指代the furniture。第30题【单项选择题】No sooner had they got off the train it started moving.A、whenB、 thanC、 thenD、after【正确答案】B【答案解析】句首是No sooner,与它搭配的是than, no sooner.than.： 一就。与这个搭配类似的是hardly.when/before.o14第31题【单项选择题】【2009.7 He would that all the classified data should be kept safe when inoffice.A、assu
18、reB、 ensureC、insureD、 secure【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。【译文】他保证在办公室里的所有机密数 据处于平安状态。【详细解答】A使确信，使有信心；B确保（某事）发生，担 保；C为投保，给保险；D平安的，没有危险的第32题【单项选择题】阅读判断】Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced her run for 2008 presidency. This is partly due to the biased thi
19、nking that women are weak on national security, though they might be strong on education and health care. This damages their prospects as a presidential contender.fi： One of Hillarys campaign promises is to reform the nation/s health care system.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选C。问题句说Hillary的
20、一个竞选承诺是改革国家的医疗制度 而本段只是说女人做教育和医疗方面的工作有优势”，没有说Hillary的一个竞选 承诺式改革国家的医疗制度，因此问题句的信息在文章中没有被提到。第33题【单项选择题】15【概括大意】If you are tired of making vague excuses for another dull summer at home, here is a thought to lift your spirits. You do not need anything so radical as winning a lottery （彩票）to finance a trip
21、to Europe. A student identity card that can be obtained for a few dollars from the Council on International Educational Exchange entitles （给予、授权）you to discount tickets （打折机票）on certain charter flights to London and Paris, as well as reduced admission to many museums, cinemas, and musical events. On
22、ce in Europe, you can stay at approved youth hostels for about two dollars a night. So dont give up your hopes of becoming an international traveler.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、It is easy for a student to travel in Europe during the summer.B、 The student needs to obtain an identity card to
23、travel at a cheap rate.C、The student could stay at approved youth hostels for about two dollars a night. D、 The students will become international travelers in summer.【正确答案】A【答案解析】这段话主要讲学生暑假去欧洲的一些优惠来论证学生去欧洲旅行是 很容易的。因此选择A。第34题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Back in 1969, US President Richard Nixon confidently predicted
24、: z/ln the next 50 years, we shall see a woman president, perhaps sooner than you think/ Today, not too far off Nixons deadline, America is looking at that possibility. Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced her run for 2008 presidency.Q: Up to the
25、 present, no woman has been elected president in the US.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选Ao问题句说迄今为止在美国没有一个女人曾经被选举为16总统。本段说的是“1969年，美国总统Richard Nixon很有信心地预测：在下一 个50年里，我们将会看见一个女总统，这或许比你想象的更快些，。今天距离 Nixon总统给出的最终期限已经不远了，美国人现在正关注这可能性。相邻语句 的句意相关，显然，定冠词结构the possibility指答案相关句中提到的可能出现 美国女总统。从该句中可以推断出
26、“从1969年到现在为止，美国还没有出现女 总统。因此问题句提供了正确信息。第35题【单项选择题】【填句补文】All children in the United States have to receive an education, but the law does not say they have to be educated at school. A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school. There are about 300,000 home-schoolers in the United St
27、ates today.A、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.B、 In some countries, however, children are educated by their parents.C、 Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions.D、Children who are educated at home are known as home-schoolers.【正确答案】D【答
28、案解析】后文出现了 home-schoolers,根据选项，这里应该是对这个词的定 义，因此选D。第36题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Norwich, the capital of the part of Britain known as East Anglia, has been in existence for more than two thousand years. It began as a small village beside the River Wensum.Q: The River Wensum flows by Norwich.A、TrueB、FalseC Not Give
29、n【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。答题依据在第二句，Norwich是River Wensum旁边的一17个小村庄，就说明了 River Wensum流经Norwicho第37题【单项选择题】【填句补文】David Guterson and his wife teach their three children at home. Guterson says that his children learn very differently from children in school: . For example, when there is heavy snowfall on a wint
30、er day, it may start a discussion or reading about climate, snow removal equipment, Alaska, polar bears （北极熊）,and winter tourism. A spring evening when the family is out watching the stars is a good time to ask questions about satellites and the space program.A、Some parents prefer teaching their chi
31、ldren at home because they do not believe that public schools teach the correct religious values.B、 Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions.C、 Interestingly, results show that home-schooled children quite often do better than average on national tests in reading and math.D、Critics
32、 also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children. 【正确答案】B【答案解析】此空要填的是home-schoolers与其他孩子学习的不同点，因此选B。第38题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】And yet although the Mayas knew about the wheel, they never used it. Neither did they use metals other than copper. What is ever more surprising is that the
33、y suddenly abandoned（抛弃）many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle. Some time around AD900, Mayan civilization collapsed. By the year 1200, their last great capital, Chichen Itza, was deserted.One of the most surprising findings about Mayas was that.A、they developed accurate system measurin
34、g time.B、 they knew how to build pyramids with stones.C、 they deserted their cities and moved to new ones.D、they built cities which they never lived in.18【正确答案】C【答案解析】对应点为What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle.是对原文语意进行了 转化，最高级
35、代替了比拟级。第39题【单项选择题】2009.10 As for family education, parents are encouraged to rely on ratherthan punishment.A、criticismB、intimidationC、persuasionD、scolding【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查名词词义区分。【译文】关于家庭教育，鼓励父母们依靠 说服而不是惩罚孩子。A批评、指责B恐吓、威胁C说服、劝服 D责 骂、斥责第40题【单项选择题】2010.04 Even after decades of the two brothers recognize
36、d each otherimmediately.A、separationB、cooperationC correspondenceD、communication【正确答案】A【答案解析】【译文】尽管已经分别了几十年，这两兄弟都是立刻认出了对方。【试题分析】词汇题。【详细解答】名词的词义选取。第41题【单项选择题】19 working for longer would create greater competition for jobs.排除选项 C； It would make it more difficult for younger people to find a job.排除选项 D
37、； And how easily would a 25-year-old employee be able to communicate with a 125-year-old boss?排 除选项A；答案是B。第3题【单项选择题】【填句补文】“Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of whats going on with the elements/ says Albert Galy from the University of Cambridge.A、An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic ta
38、ble （元素周期表）to make chemistry simpler to teach to students.B、 The traditional periodic table was well drawn.C、“I imagine contour lines would be good for undergraduates/D、But he has added contour lines to charge density, helping to explain which ions react with which.【正确答案】c【答案解析】这一段是剑桥大学的Albert Galy的
39、原话，我们可以从引导整个关键 点得出答案。即：地学化学家们只想通过直觉判断元素的活动。我想等高线对 学生们有好处第4题【单项选择题】2007.04 The volleyball match was televised on CCTV.A、aliveB lifeC、liveD、lively【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查live的形似词辨析。live可以作副词，意思是：实况转播 地。符合句意。2009.7 The wounded soldiers would recover quickly if they were well.A、nourishedB、stuffedC、tamedD、ventu
40、red【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查过去分词意义区分。译文：如果受伤的战士营养很好，他 们就会很快痊愈。A营养，滋养；B填满，塞满；C驯服（猛兽）；D冒险第42题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】You think that the biggest threat to your health when taking a shower comes from slipping on a bar of soap? Well, guess again.Q: This paragraph is a question to which the author hopes to have a positive a
41、nswer from the reader.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。这段话的意思是：你认为淋浴的时候对健康最大的威胁 是踩在一块肥皂上而滑倒?好的，再猜一猜。这里的“再猜一猜可以得知作者希 望的不是一个 positive answer, 而是一个 negative answer。第43题【单项选择题】2009.01 Modern economics the countrys agricultural policies.A、undergoesB、understandsC、underliesD、undertakes【正确答案】c【答案解析
42、】此题考查词义辨析。句意：现代经济学是国家农业政策的基础。考20查形近动词词义。A经历，经受；B 了解；C成为的基础；D承当，保证。第44题【单项选择题】2009.10 The room was quiet,the occasional coughing from my throat.A、in caseB、except forC、by farD、instead of【正确答案】B第45题【单项选择题】（填句补文】The acid rain （酸雨）is said to be caused by pollution from oil wells in the Gulf of Mexico. Ca
43、r exhaust gases are also a problem. Local volcanic eruptions make the problem even worse. Nevertheless, with enough money and effort, researchers say that many of the problems could be solved and the rate of erosion reduced.A、 The problem, however, is not just a European one.B、That is enough to have
44、 caused some of the ancient carvings to become seriously damaged already.C、However, the Mexican government does not have enough money to do the work, and needs to spend what money it has on the Mexican people.D、Acid rain is how a familiar problem in the industrialized countries in Europe.【正确答案】c【答案解
45、析】前文提到完成这项工作需要很多的钱，答案转折说到了墨西哥没有 这么多的钱去做。两句之间有隐含的逻辑关系。第46题【单项选择题】The furniture in her bedroom is quite different from in the living room.21A、thatB、itC、oneD、which【正确答案】A【答案解析】题目意思：在她卧室里的家具与起居室的（家具）大不相同。此题是 代词选择题。选择指示代词that代替家具，防止重复。家具是不可数名词。第47题【单项选择题】2009.10 The traffic was held up for more than thir
46、ty minutes,caused me to arrive late.A、itB、 thatC、whatD、which【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查非限制性定语从句。整句话的意思是：交通阻塞30多分 钟，这使得我到达晚了。第48题【单项选择题】2007.04 The central theatre has a seating of more than 3, 000 people.A、capabilityB、capacityC、abilityD、facility【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。ability主要指天赋的能力或应用知识的才能， 应该是属于那种已经具备并开展较快的能
47、力。如He has unusual ability in science。 capability与ability不同的是，它不仅能用于人，也可用于物，如:Electronic22 refinements, however, have greatly extended the uses and capabilities of some of the older electrical devices. capacity指容纳或吸收事物的能力，可用于人和物。 如The hall has a seating capacity of 500。根据句意，此题应该选 capacity0第49题【单项选择题】2009.10 The traffic was held up for more than thirty minutes,caused me to arrive late.A、itB、 thatC、whatD、which【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查非限制性定语从句。整句话的意思是：交通阻塞30多分 钟，这使得我到达晚了。第50题【单项选择题】2007.04 Jenny complained that the hospital her too much for the treatm