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1、2022年大连工业大学自考英语（二）练习题 汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】You can/t change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you/re sleepy in the evening but you must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying
2、 up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This wont change your cycle, but youll get up steam and work better at your low point.If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morn
3、ing, he should.A、change his energy cycleB、overcome his lazinessC、get up earlier than usualD、go to bed earlier【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题要求读者找出本段中的最后两句，并联系本段开头两句的意思, 作出正确判断。本段开头说，“虽然你无法改变自己的能量周期，但你可以使你 的生活适合这一周期。Dr. Kleitman认为经常性的行为（对你的能量周期）能起作 用。”最后两句又说，”.rise before your usual hour.work better at your low poin
4、t. （“如果你在上午处于能量的低潮，但你有重要的工作要在上午做，那么 你就要比平时早起。这并不改变你的周期，但你可以在低潮时得到能量，工作得 更好。）因此选项C是正确答案。第2题【单项选择题】2010.04）There is something wrong with my mobile phone. I must have itA、repair2009.10 The profit-sharing plan is designed to the staff to work hard.A、calculateB、demonstrateC、speculateD、motivate【正确答案】D【答案解
5、析】此题考查词语辨析。【译文】利润共享计划目的是激发员工努力工作。A计算、估算B证实、论证、演示 C思索、推测 D激励、激发第22题【单项选择题】阅读选择】Many years passed and the young man was very successful in business. He had a beautiful home and wonderful family, but realized his father was very old, and thought perhaps he should go to him. He had not seen him since th
6、at graduation day. Before he could make arrangements to see his father, he received a telegram telling him his father had passed away, and willed all of his possessions to his son. He needed to come home immediately and take care things. When he arrived at his fathers house, sudden sadness and regre
7、t filled his heart.When the young man arrived home, he felt.A sadB disappointedC、horribleD、nervous【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。事实细节题。年轻人回到家里，出现了两个关键词sadness 和regret,可以判断年轻人的心情是非常伤心的。应选A。第23题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat? I advice you not to touch alcohol before speaking. You will
8、feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do10 everything, but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly. Save the alcohol until after you finish speaking.Q: Due to the effect of alcohol, your thought and your mouth will not coordinate properly.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A
9、【答案解析】答案选Ao此题的关键句为：but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly.因此此题答案为 A。第24题【单项选择题】2007.04 The furniture in her bedroom is quite different from in theliving room.A、thatB、itC、oneD、which【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查复合句。that在本句中指代the furniture,目的是为了避 免重复。which用于引导句子或短语，在此也不能指代the furniture
10、。第25题【单项选择题】【完成句子】The importance of particular metals in the human diet has been realized within the past few decades, and the idea that geology might be related to health has been recognized for a number of elements such as iodine, zinc and selenium. For example, soils with low iodine contents prod
11、uce crops, and animals deficient in iodine. A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases.Some serious diseases is connected with deficiency of.A、industrially polluted soils11B、the element of iodineC rock and soil chemistryD、the persistence of heavy metals【正确答案】B【答案解析】通过关键词Some s
12、erious diseases,可将题目定位于最后一句话：A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases, deficiency of 和 lack of表达同样的意思缺乏、缺少，因此根据这句话可以判断答案为B。第26题【单项选择题】【填句补文】 Although the researchers have only just made the technical details of the microscope public, it is already on sale. It is currently th
13、e size of a refrigerator and takes several minutes to scan a circuit, but Xiao and Schrag are workingA、to take tiny chips we requireB、to making chips any smallerC、to shrink it to the size of a desktop computer and cut the scanning time to 30 secondsD、of conducting electricity【正确答案】c【答案解析】这局部所说的体积的减小
14、和所需时间的缩短恰好与前半句中提到的 冰箱大小的体积和所需数分钟的时间形成了比照。即：目前它大约像冰箱那么大， 而且要用几分钟扫描一个电路，但是他们正在努力使它缩小到台式计算机那么大, 把扫描时间缩短到30秒。第27题【单项选择题】阅读选择I recognized that the sites such as Associated Content can provide a fertile ground for learning how to become a better writer. I could see that this was an open door for systemati
15、cally learning some basic writing skills without paying college tuition for classes and leaving the comfort of my own home. In the eyes of the author;12 the site Associated Content.A、offers you a lot of novels to readB、is good for your becoming a writerC、asks you to study writing regularlyD、is rathe
16、r expensive but convenient【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选 B。根据本段的.can provide a fertile ground for learning how to become a better writer确定B答案。其余选项与原文意思不符。A与D选项所表 达内容在文中并未提及，可以被排除。C选项中regularly 一词并未在文中得到体 现。第28题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Though little research has been carried out about how exactly the sunspot will negatively h
17、arm the health of the people. So, scientists warn that people going outdoors should be careful to protect their exposed skin and eyes with clothes, umbrellas and sunglasses from the strong sunlight rich in ultraviolet rays.A、Ionosphere is high above the earth.B、If the lights in your house keep flick
18、ering, blame frequent sunspots.C、According to a research conducted by the Russian scientists from 1957 to I960, the frequency of earthquakes can be linked to the movement of the sunspots.D、A paper published by a North Korea observatory says that sun storms may cause an increase in the incidence of h
19、eart disease and skin disease.【正确答案】D【答案解析】这一段说的是太阳黑子对人类健康的影响。填入的内容也应该与健 康有关，空格后一句说到要保护皮肤。因此D是正确的。第29题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Scientists have learned that the sense of pain is made up of both13chemical and electrical signals. . Scientists also have learned that the nervous system sends two different kinds-of p
20、ain messages to the brain: one very fast, the other slow.A、It tells us not to use the injured part until it heals.B、These signals travel from nerve cells in the injured area, up the spinal cord （脊 髓）to the brain, and back down again.C、The first message is the warning signal.D、The other message moves
21、 at a speed of only one meter a second.【正确答案】B【答案解析】第一句讲的是疼痛的感觉是由两种信号signals组成的，所以紧接 着就提到两种信号的传播路线。B项恰恰照应了首句意思。第30题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians （百岁老人）get asked all the time： How did you live to be 100?Q: The five centenarians live in
22、 a very friendly community.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co题目说的是这五位百岁老人生活在一个非常友好的社 区”，文章开头局部提到了community（社区），但该句并没有说这五位百岁老人 生活的社区是否是一个友好的社区，因此判断问题句的信息在文章中没有提到。第31题【单项选择题】2008.04）The vehicle was traveling at speeds 90 miles per hour.A、in addition toB、in view ofC in excess of14D、in search of
23、【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查短语辨析。那辆车以超过每小时90英里的速度行驶。A. 除之外、例外；B.由.看来、有鉴于；C.过分、超出；D.寻找、追 求。第32题【单项选择题】2009.01 You should help them when your friends quarrel with each other.A、come into sightB、come to termsC、come into playD、come to power【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查短语的习惯用法。句意：当你的朋友吵架时，你应当帮助 他们协调一下。come into或come to都表示进入（某种状
24、态）。A映入眼帘； B.达成协议，妥协；C开始运作；D.上台，开始掌权。第33题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Though little research has been carried out about how exactly the sunspot will negatively harm the health of the people. So, scientists warn that people going outdoors should be careful to protect their exposed skin and eyes with clothes, umbrella
25、s and sunglasses from the strong sunlight rich in ultraviolet rays.A、Ionosphere is high above the earth.B、 If the lights in your house keep flickering, blame frequent sunspots.C、According to a research conducted by the Russian scientists from 1957 to 1960, the frequency of earthquakes can be linked
26、to the movement of the sunspots.D、A paper published by a North Korea observatory says that sun storms may cause an increase in the incidence of heart disease and skin disease.15【正确答案】D【答案解析】这一段说的是太阳黑子对人类健康的影响。填入的内容也应该与健 康有关，空格后一句说到要保护皮肤。因此D是正确的。第34题【单项选择题】【概括大意】The modem ideas concerning the nature
27、of intelligence are bound to have some effect on our school system. In one respect a change is already occurring. With the move toward comprehensive education and the development of unstreamed classes, fewer children will be given the label low IQ which must inevitably condemn a child in his own, if
28、 not societys eyes. The idea that we can teach children to be intelligent in the same way that we can teach them reading or arithmetic is accepted by more and more people.The main idea of this paragraph isA、Impact on School EducationB、A Changed View of IntelligenceC、Main Results of Recent Researches
29、D、Effect of Environment on Intelligence【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题使用了同义词替换的选择技巧，段落中主要讲述的是智力本质 的现代简洁必定会对学校教育产生影响(bound to have some effect on our school system.),选项A中只是将名词effect换为impacto第35题【单项选择题】2008.04 The vehicle was traveling at speeds 90 miles per hour.A、in addition toB、in view ofC、in excess ofD、in search
30、of【正确答案】C16【答案解析】此题考查短语辨析。那辆车以超过每小时90英里的速度行驶。A. 除之外、例外；B.由看来、有鉴于；C.过分、超出；D.寻找、追 求。第36题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】If you enjoy looking through travel books by such familiar authors as Arthur Frommer or Eugene Fodor, it will not surprise you to learn that travel writing has a long and venerable history. Almost from
31、 the earliest annals of recorded time individuals have found ready audiences for their accounts of journeys to strange and exotic locales.This passage is mostly about.A、why people find travel writing excitingB、the literary style of three early travel writersC、where three early travel writers went an
32、d wrote aboutD、how to write a travel book【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选C。主旨题。联系第一自然段和每段首句知道，本文讲了三 个作家，锁定答案B和C,结合内容，文章主要讲关于他们的旅行和作品，答案 是Co第37题【单项选择题】2009.10 The room was quiet,the occasional coughing from my throat.A、in caseB except forC、by farD、instead of【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查介词短语意义区分。【译文】这个房间很安静，除了偶尔 从我喉咙里发出的咳嗽声以外。A以
33、免、以防万一 B除了以外C到目前 为止D代替、而不是17第38题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Climate scientists are not present everywhere. Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them, theyre asking for your help in observing signs of climate change across the world. The citizen scientist movemen
34、t encourages ordinary people to observe a very specific research interest birds, trees, flowers budding, etc, and send their observations to a giant database to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able
35、to gather on their own. Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat, citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live. All thats needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send it in.In ZZAII thats needed to bec
36、ome one. (paragraph 2) ”, what does the word one stands for ?A、a citizen journalistB、a citizen scientistC、a scientistD、a citizen【正确答案】B【答案解析】one不仅是数词也是代词；代词指代的名词或句子一般出现在代词 的前一句，要注意区分代词单、复数。第39题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Though little research has been carried out about how exactly the sunspot will negatively harm
37、 the health of the people. So, scientists warn that people going outdoors should be careful to protect their exposed skin and eyes with clothes, umbrellas and sunglasses from the strong sunlight rich in ultraviolet rays.A、Ionosphere is high above the earth.18B、 If the lights in your house keep flick
38、ering, blame frequent sunspots.C According to a research conducted by the Russian scientists from 1957 to I960, the frequency of earthquakes can be linked to the movement of the sunspots.D、A paper published by a North Korea observatory says that sun storms may cause an increase in the incidence of h
39、eart disease and skin disease.【正确答案】D【答案解析】这一段说的是太阳黑子对人类健康的影响。填入的内容也应该与健 康有关，空格后一句说到要保护皮肤。因此D是正确的。第40题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】The tornado caused a lot of damage to cars and houses in the area. It will take a long time and much money to repair everything. There was also serious water damage from the thunderstor
40、ms. The heavy rains and high wind caused the power to go out in many homes.Q: Power supply system was not damaged during the storm.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。此题可译为：暴风雨中供电系统没遭到破坏。最后一句 说大风和暴雨使一些家庭的供电出现了问题，与题项矛盾，应选B。第41题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Roxaboxen is based on the true story of a group of chil
41、dren, growing up in the Arizona desert. There children can be a bit wild and much free, and they play outside from dawn to dusk. The children discover the make-believe （虚彳段的）town, built on the hill across from their neighborhood. The town, called Roxaboxen, becomes the center of their play as the ch
42、ildren grow, but the story is not just about the time spent in Roxaboxen as young children. More than that, this book is about19B、to repairC repairingD、repaired【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查非谓语动词的用法。选择过去分词作宾语补语，表示被动 以及动作的完成。【译文】我的手机有毛病了，我一定要修好它（手机）。第3题【单项选择题】2010.04 Experts have found that normal sleep can be di
43、vided into fivestages.A moderateB、initialC、distinctD、 advanced【正确答案】c【答案解析】【译文】专家们已经发现正常的睡眠可以分为五个不同的阶段。【试 题分析】此题考查词汇。【详细解答】形容词的词义选取。第4题【单项选择题】【2009.01 He has deep love for the people and loyalty to the country.A、intenseB、initialC、instantD、imitative【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查形容词词义区分。A强烈的，极度的；B最初的，开始 的；C立即的，即时的
44、；D模仿的，仿效的。形容loyalty,选A比拟恰当。第5题【单项选择题】 the way that imagination and secret places stay with us as we grow older and become a part of who we are. It is about the way that it helps us to grow into the adults that we become. What does the books name Roxaboxen refer to?A、A child.B、A library.C、 A period o
45、f time.D、A place.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。查找细节题。短文本段中明显一句话提到,The town, called Roxaboxen,所以指的是一个地方的名字。第42题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】War may be a natural expression of biological instinct and drives toward aggression in the human species. Natural impulses of anger, hostility, and territoriality （守卫地盘的天性）are expressed thr
46、ough acts of violence. These are all qualities that humans share with animals. Aggression is a kind of innate （天生的） survival mechanism, an instinct for self-preservation, that allows animals to defend themselves from threats to their existence. But, on the other hand, human violence shows evidence o
47、f being a learned behavior. In the case of human aggression, violence can not be simply reduced to an instinct. The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior. In human societies violence has a social function: It is a strat
48、egy for creating or destroying forms of social order. Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing the powers of violence. We will look at the ritual and ethical （道德上 的）patterns within which human violence has been directed. Human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior in that.A、it threatens the existing social systemsB、it is influenced by societyC、it has roots in religious conflicts20D、it is d