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1、2022年南京工业大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】2007.04 The newspaper will have to close down if it cannot increase its considerably.A、distributionB、contributionC、prescriptionD、circulation【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。circulation：（书报杂志的）销售量，发行额, 销路。符合句意。第2题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Now, there are about 24 million microcomputers
2、 in use in the United Statesone for every 10 citizens. It is estimated that by 1996, 61 percent ofAmerican managers will be using some sort of electronic work station.Q: At present about 10% of American citizens possess a microcomputer.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。本段一开头就说到目前在美国大约有二千四百万台
3、微型 电子计算机在使用中，平均每十人就拥有一台。因此此题的表述是正确的。第3题【单项选择题】Would you like down and play in the milk for a few minutes before we clean itup ?A、getB gettingC to getD、got【正确答案】c【答案解析】would like to do固定搭配，想要做某事/愿意做某事。答案选C。第19题【单项选择题】2010.04 The spokesman occasionally his speech with gestures.A、acknowledgesB、accompan
4、iesC、attributesD、anticipates【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查词汇。【译文】这位发言人讲演中偶尔伴有手势。第20题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】It was also in the 1600s that professional ballet began. King Louis XIV of France, himself a devoted dancer, founded the Royal Academy of Dance. The five basic feet positions from which all ballet steps begin were fi
5、nalized. In the late 1700s another important change occurred. Ballet began to tell a story on its own. It was no longer simply dance to be performed between acts of plays. Elaborate wigs and costumes were eliminated. By the early 1800s dancers learned to rise on their toes to make it appear that the
6、y were floating.An important influence in early ballet was.A、BalanchineB、Marie Antoinette10C、DiaghilevD、Louis XIV【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。细节题。对照原文It was also in the 1600s that professional ballet began. King Louis XIV of France, himself a devoted dancer, founded the Royal Academy of Dance.这里出现的时间1600s在原文中是
7、比拟早的，提到的人物是 King Louis XIV,选 Do第21题【单项选择题】2007.04 The central theatre has a seating of more than 3, 000 people.A、capabilityB、capacityC、abilityD、facility【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。ability主要指天赋的能力或应用知识的才能， 应该是属于那种已经具备并开展较快的能力。如He has unusual ability in science。 capability与ability不同的是，它不仅能用于人,也可用于物,如:Electr
8、onic refinements, however, have greatly extended the uses and capabilities of some of the older electrical devices, capacity指容纳或吸收事物的能力，可用于人和物。 如The hall has a seating capacity of 500”。根据句意，此题应该选 capacity。第22题【单项选择题】【阅读选择Marian, the girl who wrote the original story about Roxaboxen that the children
9、/s book is based on, was mayor. Other kids ran the stores which sold imaginary ice cream and baked goods. Kids drove imaginary cars outside of town, and the speeders went to jail, which was guarded by the sheriff, another kid. Elsewhere, boys and girls had battles, charging each others bases using s
10、pears made with ocotillo, a desert plant. Who is Marian?11A、She is the author.B、She sold ice cream in Roxaboxen.C、She is the mayor of Roxaboxen in the book.D、She guards the jail in the book.【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选c。事实细节题。根据关键词锁定短文本段。本段第一句话 给出了正确答案，Marian是最先写这个故事的人，但是并不是这本书的作者。 而且是这本书中那个小镇的镇长。第23题【单项选择题】阅读选
11、择】But even if every large city purified and reused its water, we still would not have enough. Where could we turn next? To the oceans! All wed have to do to make use of the vast amount of sea-water is - remove the salt. This salt-removing process is already in use in many parts of the world.Accordin
12、g to the passage, sea-water can be turned into fresh water byA、 heating it up.B、treating it with chemicals.C、 taking salt out of it.D、 drying it up.【正确答案】c【答案解析】海水之所以不能饮用就是因为它是咸的。答题依据是本段的remove the salt 艮口 take salt outo第24题【单项选择题】2007.04 The furniture in her bedroom is quite different from in theli
13、ving room.A、thatB、itC one12D、which【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查复合句。that在本句中指代the furniture,目的是为了避 免重复。which用于引导句子或短语，在此也不能指代the furniture。第25题【单项选择题】2008.04)That proposal is essentially irrelevant the issue at hand.A、withB、fromC、inD、to【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查介词的固定搭配。句子翻译：那个提案与手头上的问题根 本无关。irrelevant to 表示： 与无关。第26题【单项选
14、择题】【阅读选择】Many years passed and the young man was very successful in business. He had a beautiful home and wonderful family, but realized his father was very old, and thought perhaps he should go to him. He had not seen him since that graduation day. Before he could make arrangements to see his fathe
15、r, he received a telegram telling him his father had passed away, and veiled all of his possessions to his son. He needed to come home immediately and take care things. When he arrived at his fathers house, sudden sadness and regret filled his heart.When the young man arrived home, he felt.A、sadB、di
16、sappointedC horribleD、nervous【正确答案】A13【答案解析】答案选A。事实细节题。年轻人回到家里，出现了两个关键词sadness 和regret,可以判断年轻人的心情是非常伤心的。应选A。第27题【单项选择题】阅读选择】It normally takes from five days to one week for a person to adapt to a reversed routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping during the day and working at night. Unfortunately,
17、it is often the case in industry that shifts are changed every week; a person may work from 12 midnight to 8 a. m. one week, 8 am to 4pm the next, and 4 pm to 12 midnight the third and so on. This means that no sooner has he got used to one routine than he has to change to another, so that much of h
18、is time is spent neither working nor sleeping very efficiently.ln the last sentence of the paragraph, zzanother,/ means.A、another routineB、another shiftC、another weekD、another person【正确答案】A【答案解析】another （另一个）之后省略了 routine 一词。第28题【单项选择题】【填句补文】David Guterson and his wife teach their three children at
19、home. Guterson says that his children learn very differently from children in school:, For example, when there is heavy snowfall on a winter day, it may start a discussion or reading about climate, snow removal equipment, Alaska, polar bears （北极熊）,and winter tourism. A spring evening when the family
20、 is out watching the stars is a good time to ask questions about satellites and the space program.A、Some parents prefer teaching their children at home because they do not believe that public schools teach the correct religious values.B、 Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions.14C
21、、 Interestingly, results show that home-schooled children quite often do better than average on national tests in reading and math.D、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.【正确答案】B【答案解析】此空要填的是home-schoolers与其他孩子学习的不同点，因此选B。第29题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Did you know that
22、before 1950, hurricanes had no names? They were simply given numbers. The first names were simply Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, etc. but in 1953, females names were given because of the unpredictability（不可预知）factor of the storms. In 1979, realizing the sexist （性另U歧视的）nature of such names, the lists were ex
23、panded to include both men and women.The main consideration of using males and females/ names for hurricanes is.A、the timely （及时的）discoveryB、its uncertaintyC、sex equalityD、its connection with humans【正确答案】c【答案解析】依靠原文（利用（male, female） names作为答案线索词）中最后 一句判断答案为C （与性别有关）。第30题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Doctors believe
24、that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other peoples cigarettes. . The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53, 000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smok
25、e.A、The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke.15B、 In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.C、 This smoke is called secondhand smoke.D、No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.【正确答案】c【答案
26、解析】前一句提到，不吸烟者时常吸入他人香烟中冒出的烟，接下来应首 选对此烟加以定义的句子。第31题【单项选择题】2008.10 It took a few seconds for her eyes to to the darkness.A、allocateB、 adoptC、applyD、adjust【正确答案】D第32题【单项选择题】The missing boys were last seen near the river.A、playingB、playedC、playD、to play【正确答案】A【答案解析】所填的词为主语补足语，因其后有明确的地点，补足语表示动作当 时正在进行中，所以
27、只能使用playingo第33题【单项选择题】【完成句子】As the sunflowers grow, put a hay fence around them for protection and stake if necessary. Plant morning glories or sweet peas around the base of each 16sunflower, and they will grow up the stems, eventually forming a roof over the top. By summers end, kids will have a s
28、unflower house to play in.When autumn comes, children can.A、seed lots of sunflowersB、play games in the sunflower houseC、include plants with animal namesD、find their own playing section【正确答案】B【答案解析】段落最后一句是答案的出处，By summers end夏天结束的时候实 际上就是When autumn comes”秋天来临的时候。答案选择B。第34题【单项选择题】2008.04 The vehicle
29、was traveling at speeds 90 miles per hour.A、in addition toB、in view ofC、in excess ofD、in search of【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查短语辨析。那辆车以超过每小时90英里的速度行驶。A. 除之外、例外；B.由看来、有鉴于；C.过分、超出；D.寻找、追 求。第35题【单项选择题】2008.04 That proposal is essentially irrelevant the issue at hand.A、withB、fromC inD、to【正确答案】D17【答案解析】此题考查介词的固定搭配。
30、句子翻译：那个提案与手头上的问题根 本无关。irrelevant to 表示： 与无关。第36题【单项选择题】2009.7 The wounded soldiers would recover quickly if they were well.A、nourishedB、stuffedC、tamedD、ventured【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查过去分词意义区分。译文：如果受伤的战士营养很好，他 们就会很快痊愈。A营养，滋养；B填满，塞满；C驯服（猛兽）；D冒险第37题【单项选择题】2008.04 The farming methods have been improved with t
31、he invention ofthe new machine.A、efficientlyB proficientlyC professionallyD、intentionally【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查副词词义辨析。句子翻译为：由于新机器的创造，人们已 经高效率地改进了农业耕种方法。A高效率地B熟练地 C职业地、专职地 D故意地、有意地。第38题【单项选择题】【完成句子】The average lightning strike is more than 3 miles long and can travel at a tenth of the speed of light. Ball
32、 lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball that appears near the impact point, 18moves horizontally, and lasts for several seconds.One form of lightning that is ball lightning.A、occurs most infrequentlyB、is shifted sideways by strong windsC、is ofte
33、n hidden from our viewD、is estimated at 20 millions a year【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段文字与题目相关的句子是：Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball., 关键词是 rarest （rare的最高级形式）与infrequently很少发生，少有表达相同的意思。第39题【单项选择题】2007.04 The central theatre has a seating of more t
34、han 3, 000 people.A、capabilityB、capacityC、abilityD、facility【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。ability主要指天赋的能力或应用知识的才能， 应该是属于那种已经具备并开展较快的能力。如He has unusual ability in science”。 capability与ability不同的是，它不仅能用于人，也可用于物,如：Electronic refinements, however, have greatly extended the uses and capabilities of some of the ol
35、der electrical devices, capacity指容纳或吸收事物的能力,可用于人和物。 如The hall has a seating capacity of 500”。根据句意，此题应该选 capacityo第40题【单项选择题】2009.10he has many friends, he is often feeling lonely.A、AsB、When192009.10 The room was quiet,the occasional coughing from my throat.A、in caseB、except forC、by farD、instead of【正
36、确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查介词短语意义区分。【译文】这个房间很安静，除了偶尔 从我喉咙里发出的咳嗽声以外。A以免、以防万一 B除了以外C到目前 为止D代替、而不是第4题【单项选择题】阅读选择It normally takes from five days to one week for a person to adapt to a reversed routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping during the day and working at night. Unfortunately, it is often the case in ind
37、ustry that shifts are changed every week; a person may work from 12 midnight to 8 a. m. one week, 8 am to 4pm the next, and 4 pm to 12 midnight the third and so on. This means that no sooner has he got used to one routine than he has to change to another, so that much of his time is spent neither wo
38、rking nor sleeping very efficiently.ln the last sentence of the paragraph, zzanother,/ means.A、another routineB、another shiftC、another weekD、another person【正确答案】A【答案解析】another （另一个）之后省略了 routine 一词。第5题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】 Whether you work at home, on the farm, at the office, at school, or on the road, it i
39、s not a good idea to skip （故意略去）breakfast.Q.: It is okay to skip2C、While D、Since 【正确答案】c 【答案解析】此题考查状语从句的附属连词。【译文】尽管（虽然）他有许多朋 友，但他常常感到孤独。第41题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】One reason is economic. In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful. Having more children means having more workers in the f
40、ields and someone to take care of the parents in old age. In an industrial economy, the situation is different. Many children do not help a family; instead, they are an expense. Thus, industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate. This was the case in Italy, which was industrialized qu
41、ite recently and rapidly. In the early part of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor; largely agricultural country with a high birth rate. After World War囿 Italys economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized. By the end of the century, the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman, the
42、 worlds lowest.In a traditional agricultural economy, a large family.A、can be an advantageB may limit incomeC、isnt necessaryD、is expensive【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选 A。对照本段 In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful.大的家庭是有帮助的，选项中最接近意思的是A,成为一个优势，答 案是Ao第42题【单项选择题】2008.04 Fish is and expens
43、ive at this time of the year in this area.20A、in large measureB、to the minimumC、in short supplyD、to the maximum【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查短语意义辨析。这个地区在一年中的这个时候鱼的供应不 足，价格昂贵。in short supply：缺货、供货缺乏。第43题【单项选择题】【概括大意】The modem ideas concerning the nature of intelligence are bound to have some effect on our school
44、system. In one respect a change is already occurring. With the move toward comprehensive education and the development of unstreamed classes, fewer children will be given the label low IQ which must inevitably condemn a child in his own, if not societys eyes. The idea that we can teach children to b
45、e intelligent in the same way that we can teach them reading or arithmetic is accepted by more and more people.The main idea of this paragraph isA、Impact on School EducationB、A Changed View of IntelligenceC、Main Results of Recent ResearchesD、Effect of Environment on Intelligence【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题使用了同义词
46、替换的选择技巧，段落中主要讲述的是智力本质 的现代简洁必定会对学校教育产生影响(bound to have some effect on our school system.),选项A中只是将名词effect换为impacto第44题【单项选择题】【概括大意They always complained (抱怨) more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways. They also blamed that their parents always have21 a final say. And t
47、he young felt that their parents do not trust their children to deal with crises. Besides, they dissatisfied too much murmurs of their parents about certain problems and the lack of sense of humor in dealing with the problems, at least in parents-children relationships.The main idea of this paragrap
48、h is.A、The criticisms to their parents can be kept out of the young peoples mind in following ways.B、 It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misunderstanding between them.C、 There are so many criticism to their parents among the young people.D、 Young people have gotten enough reason