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1、2022年北方工业大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】2009.10 The profit-sharing plan is designed to the staff to work hard.A、calculateB、demonstrateC、speculateD、motivate【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词语辨析。【译文】利润共享计划目的是激发员工努力工 作。A计算、估算B证实、论证、演示 C思索、推测 D激励、激发第2题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Scientists have learned that the sense of pain is made
2、up of both chemical and electrical signals. . Scientists also have learned that the nervous system sends two different kinds-of pain messages to the brain: one very fast, the other slow.A、It tells us not to use the injured part until it heals.B、These signals travel from nerve cells in the injured ar
3、ea, up the spinal cord （脊 髓）to the brain, and back down again.C、The first message is the warning signal.D、The other message moves at a speed of only one meter a second.【正确答案】B【答案解析】第一句讲的是疼痛的感觉是由两种信号signals组成的，所以紧接 着就提到两种信号的传播路线。B项恰恰照应了首句意思。【阅读选择】The riches of the sea yet to be developed by mans tech
4、nology are impressive. Oil and gas explorations have existed for nearly thirty years. Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron, copper and so on exist on the ocean floor.According to the author, technology is important because.A、resources on land are running short in ten yearsB、man can use it to ex
5、plore the deeper seaC、it is a lot of fun diving into the seaD、ancient people used it to explore the sea【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段第一句作者提到The riches of the sea yet to be developed by mans technology are impressive,人类利用技术可以开发的海洋资源是惊人的。 段末说至Ll： Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron, copper and so on exist on t
6、he ocean floor.然而，大量有价值的矿物均还埋藏于海底。如铁，铜等等。其他三 项都没有提到。第21题【单项选择题】2007.04 It is difficult to the implication between the lines.A、get toB、get withC、get atD、get down【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查词组辨析。A,开始，接触；C.找出，发现；D.下来, 写下来。第22题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】As far as astronomers （天文学家）can determine, the entire universe is built of
7、the same matter. They have no reason to doubt that matter obeys the same laws in every part of the universe. Therefore, it is reasonable to guess that10 other stars, with their own planets, were born in the same way as our own solar system. What we know of life on earth suggests that life will arise
8、 wherever the proper conditions exist.Astronomers believe that matter in different parts of the universeA、obeys different laws.B obeys one common law.C、obeys the same laws.D、obeys no common law.【正确答案】c【答案解析】答题依据在本段的第二句。科学家没有理由怀疑宇宙中的物质遵循 同一法那么，即他们相信宇宙中不同地方的物质是遵循同一法那么的。第23题【单项选择题】【2009.7 He would that
9、 all the classified data should be kept safe when inoffice.A、assureB、 ensureC、insureD、secure【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。【译文】他保证在办公室里的所有机密数 据处于平安状态。【详细解答】A使确信，使有信心；B确保（某事）发生，担 保；C为.投保，给保险；D平安的，没有危险的第24题【单项选择题】2009.10 Youd better leave things if you dont know how to deal withthem.A、offB、out11C、aloneD、 ove
10、r【正确答案】c【答案解析】【译文】如果你不知道如何处理这些事情，你最好把它们放在一边。【试题分析】此题考查词意区分。【详细解答】A离开，离去 B不在里 面，出局 C单独的（地） D完结，翻倒，越过第25题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Heavy metals are persistent; they do not break down to other chemicals in the environment. Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensive clean-up and rehabilitation because hea
11、vy metals are a health concern once they enter the food chain. Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to cause poisoning. Industrially contaminated sites usually require a thorough clean-up due to.A、the persistence of heavy metalsB、industrially polluted soilsC、naturally pol
12、luted soilsD、rock and soil chemistry【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段提到：受到污染的土壤含有重金属，而且重金属很稳定，不容 易降解，所以要对重金属进行彻底的清除。答案选择A。第26题【单项选择题】【2009.01 The twin sisters were identical appearance and character.A、ofB、withC inD、to【正确答案】C12【答案解析】此题考查介词词义。句意：这对双胞胎姐妹的面容和性格都一模一 样。be identical to/ with完全相同的，一模一样的。此题要说明在某个方面是一 样的，应选C。第
13、27题【单项选择题】2009.04 The conclusion from the study is not definite; it is just.A、tentativeB、validC、technicalD、 thorough【正确答案】A【答案解析】译文：这项研究的结论不是一定的；它只是试探性的。试题分析: 形容词词义选择题。详细解答：A不确定的、试探性的；B正当的、有根据的、 有效的；C技术性的、专门技术的；D彻底的、十足的。第28题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Demands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain someti
14、mes hide the fact that similar needs are felt in the rest of Europe. Studies by the Council of Europe, of which 21 counties are members, have shown that 45 per cent of reptile （爬行类的）species and 24 per cent of butterflies are in danger of dying out.Recent studies by the council of Europe have indicat
15、ed that.A、wildlife needs more protection only in Britain.B、all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of dying out.C、 there are fewer species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe than elsewhere. D、 many species of reptiles an butterflies in Europe need protecting.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选Do本段的第二个句子是这么说
16、的：有21个国家组成的欧 洲委员会的研究说明，45%的爬行动物和24%的蝴蝶濒临灭绝。由此可见，D是 正确的答案。13第29题【单项选择题】2007.04 The book fair has received a positive from readers.A、resultB、 responseC、settlementD、solution【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。response：反映，反响。result：结果，后果。 settlement：殖民，移民，定居。solution：解决；解答。根据句意，应该选responseo a positive response： 良好的反映
17、。第30题【单项选择题】【完成句子】In Britain, robot sales appropriately peaked in 1984, but have been declining ever since. This is partly because, British wage rates are too low to make robots financially attractive and partly because engineers now have more experience with robots and are more aware of the difficu
18、lties of introducing them effectively.Robots are less popular in Britain today partly because.A、too much energyB、based on American designsC、they are too costlyD、they are not reliable【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段第二句就是讲的两个原因，即人们的工资水平太低，也就是没 有能力使机器人发挥出创造财富的作用，言下之意就是本钱高。第二个原因就是 人们逐渐意识到了操纵机器人不是件容易的事情，所以使用率就下降了。所以应 该选C
19、。第31题【单项选择题】142010,04 We have greatly the procedure according to the chairmans suggestion.A、stimulatedB perceivedC、obscuredD、simplified【正确答案】D【答案解析】【译文】按照主席的提议我们已经大大地简化了步骤。【试题分析】 此题考查词义辨析。【详细解答】动词的词义选取。第32题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Most of the classics of science fiction, however, have been written within the la
20、st hundred years. Books by writers such as Jules Verne and H.G. Wells, to mention just two well-known authors, have been translated into many languages.Book written by J. Verne are.A、science fictions with a recurrent themeB、concerned with the problems that we have to solve in the futureC、read worldw
21、ideD、political implications【正确答案】c【答案解析】这段文字讲到J. Verne是一位有名的作家，所写的书已经译成了许 多种语言，因此C选项是正确答案。第33题【单项选择题】The newspaper will have to close down if it cannot increase its considerably.A、distributionB、contributionC、prescription15D、circulation【正确答案】D【答案解析】【译文】如假设不能相当大地增加报纸的发行量，这家报社就将不得 不关闭了。【试题分析】词义选择题。回【详细
22、解答】A分配，分发B贡献， 投稿C处方，药方D （报刊等的）发行量、销售量第34题【单项选择题】2009.04 Tom has done really amazed everyone in his class.A、WhatB、WhichC、ThatD、Who【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查主语从句的引导词的选择。译文：汤姆所做的事情使得他 班里的每个同学都感到吃惊。详细解答：what Tom has done指汤姆所做的事情； B哪一个；C （无词义）；D谁。第35题【单项选择题】2008.04 The vehicle was traveling at speeds 90 miles per
23、 hour.A、in addition toB、in view ofC、in excess ofD、in search of【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查短语辨析。那辆车以超过每小时90英里的速度行驶。A. 除之外、例外；B.由.看来、有鉴于；C.过分、超出；D.寻找、追 求。第36题【单项选择题】162009.04 The conclusion from the study is not definite; it is just.A、tentativeB、validC、technicalD、 thorough【正确答案】A【答案解析】译文：这项研究的结论不是一定的；它只是试探性的。试题分
24、析: 形容词词义选择题。详细解答：A不确定的、试探性的；B正当的、有根据的、 有效的；C技术性的、专门技术的；D彻底的、十足的。第37题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】The riches of the sea yet to be developed by mans technology are impressive. Oil and gas explorations have existed for nearly thirty years. Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron, copper and so on exist on the ocean
25、floor.According to the author, technology is important because.A、resources on land are running short in ten yearsB、man can use it to explore the deeper seaC、it is a lot of fun diving into the seaD、ancient people used it to explore the sea【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段第一句作者提到The riches of the sea yet to be develope
26、d by mans technology are impressive,人类利用技术可以开发的海洋资源是惊人的。 段末 说至U： Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron, copper and so on exist on the ocean floor.然而，大量有价值的矿物均还埋藏于海底。如铁，铜等等。其他三 项都没有提到。第38题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Posture. A good posture makes you feel better about yourself., This makes breathing more difficu
27、lt, which in turn can make you feel17 nervous or uncomfortable.A、If you are feeling down, you normally don/t sit straight, with your shoulders inwards.B、Body language is a broad term for several forms of communication using body movements or gestures.C Body language differs from culture to culture.D
28、、If you are at interviews, try to keep them still.【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段讲的是身体姿势。填充句后一个句子提到this”会使呼吸更加 困难，this显然指的是一种不太好的身体姿势，因此此题答案为A。第39题【单项选择题】2008.10 JCountry life is better than city life it offers fresh air and noiselessenvironment.A、in thatB、as thatC、as forD、in which【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查复合句。句意为：乡村生活好过城市生
29、活，因为它空气新 鲜且环境无噪音。in that是复合连接词，只在一定的句式中使用。也可以用作 一个固定词组。A在于，原因是，在.方面;C.关于，至于,举例：I like the country better in that it is closer to nature.我更喜欢乡村，因为它更接近自然。第40题【单项选择题】They are eager abroad.A、travelB、travelledC to travel18D、travelling【正确答案】c【答案解析】be eager to do sth：渴望做某事。句意：他们盼望出国旅行。第41题【单项选择题】2009.01 Th
30、e twin sisters were identical appearance and character.A、ofB、withC inD、to【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查介词词义。句意：这对双胞胎姐妹的面容和性格都一模一 样。be identical to/with完全相同的，一模一样的。此题要说明在某个方面是一 样的，应选C。第42题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Most of the classics of science fiction, however; have been written within the last hundred years. Books by write
31、rs such as Jules Verne and H.G. Wells, to mention just two well-known authors, have been translated into many languages.Book written by J. Verne are.A、science fictions with a recurrent themeB、concerned with the problems that we have to solve in the futureC、read worldwideD、political implications【正确答案
32、】c【答案解析】这段文字讲到J. Verne是一位有名的作家，所写的书已经译成了许 多种语言，因此c选项是正确答案。第43题【单项选择题】19第3题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】The river was so high that the water ran into streets and houses. Many streets had to be closed to cars and trucks because of the high water. This made it difficult for fire trucks, police cars, and other rescue v
33、ehicles to help people who were in trouble.Q: Rescue vehicles had a hard time getting to people.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。此题的意思是：救援车辆费了很大劲才把人救出来。此 句的意思在最后一句提到了，应选A。第4题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Did you know that before 1950, hurricanes had no names? They were simply given numbers. The first names
34、were simply Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, etc. but in 1953, females names were given because of the unpredictability （不可预知）factor of the storms. In 1979, realizing the sexist （性另ll歧视的）nature of such names, the lists were expanded to include both men and women.The main consideration of using males and femal
35、es names for hurricanes is.A、the timely （及时的）discoveryB、its uncertaintyC、sex equalityD、its connection with humans【正确答案】c【答案解析】依靠原文（利用（male, female） names作为答案线索词）中最后 一句判断答案为C （与性别有关）。第5题【单项选择题】2009.04 This is the first time that a woman has been to the post.A、grantedB、praisedC、pointedD、appointed【正确答案
36、】D【答案解析】译文：这是第一次任命一位妇女担任此职位。试题分析：此题考查 词义辨析。国详细解答：A允许、同意；B表扬、赞扬；C指、指出；D指定、 任命、委任。第44题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Home schooling is often more interesting than regular schools, but critics say that home-schoolers are outsiders who might be uncomfortable mixing with other people in adult life. However, most parents d
37、ont have the time or the desire to teach their children at home, so schools will continue to be where most children get their formal education.A、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children. B、A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school.C、Chil
38、dren who are educated at home are known as home-schoolers.D、Others believe they can provide a better educational experience for their children by teaching them at home.【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段大意是对home schooling提出了质疑，需要注意前面说到 了critics say”,空格处与之对应的是Critics also say”。第45题【单项选择题】阅读选择Rhythm in literature is a mo
39、re or less regular occurrence of certain elements of writing: a word, a phrase, an idea, a sound, or a grammatical construction. We are also accustomed to this recurrence in the alternate heavy and20 light beats in music. Our love for rhythm seems to be innate: witness the responses of a small child
40、 to lively music. Children love to beat on toy drums or empty boxes. They stamp their feet and chant nursery rhymes or nonsense syllables, not unlike primitive dancers. As children grow older, they are taught to restrain their responses to rhythm, but our love of rhythm remains. We live in rhythms;
41、in fact we are governed by rhythms.According to the passage, an adults reaction to rhythm in music would probably be.A、uninhibitedB、indifferentC、restrainedD、responsible【正确答案】c【答案解析】该题的解题依据在本段结尾局部As children grow older, they are taught to restrain their responses to rhythm。作者讲：随着孩子的年龄逐渐增大, 大人就会教他们抑制对
42、节奏的反响，等他们长大之后，他们对音乐节奏的反响, 更可能受到抑制。第46题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Two thousand years ago the Chinese had already developed a working compass. A piece of lodestone （天然磁石）would be cut into the shape of a ladle （长 柄勺）. Placed on a stone board with a smooth surface, the lodestone would move round until the handle of t
43、he ladle pointed south while the bulk （主体）of the ladle was attracted to magnetic north. This interestingly shaped device is mentioned in a book from about 80. Other ancient books may have dated it as far back as the fourth century Jade （玉石）finders played an important role in the invention of the lad
44、le. They travelled great distances to look for jade. In order not to lose directions, they would take a ladle with them.When did the Chinese invent the compass?A、In 1492.B、 In the thirteen century A.D.21C、In A.D. 80.D At least 2000 years ago.【正确答案】D【答案解析】 本段中 Two thousand years ago the Chinese had a
45、lready developed a working compass.直接告诉我们中国创造指南针的时间。第47题【单项选择题】2009.04 I/ve got the order from the boss that the work finished before5 p.m. today.A、would beB、beC、will have beenD、could be【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查名词从句中的虚拟语气。译文:我已经从老板那得到指令， 这项工作在今天下午五点钟之前要完成。详细解答：that引导同位语从句，说明 order的内容。同时从句要用虚拟语气，从句谓语用should+
46、动词原形的形式， should可以省略。第48题【单项选择题】I should have preferred him to it in a different way.A、doB、doingC、 doneD、having done【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查prefer的用法。prefer sb to do sth：宁愿某人做某事。第49题【单项选择题】22填句补文】 Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the other person to answer questions and have no r
47、ight to inquire about his personal secrets., Unless the person really hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him.A、 This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary.B、This doesnt necessarily mean that it will go well.C、 Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting.D、Both of you need time to get to know each other.【正确答案】A【答案解析】抓住关键词进行同义替换，也就是afraid,选项中this fear就是对 这种担忧的补充，这种担忧是完全没有必要的，除非被采访者确实是讨厌别人问 自己。第50题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】 But even if every large city purified and reused its water, we still would not have enough. Where could we turn next?