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1、2020-2021学年高一英语外研版（2020）选择性必修第一册Unit5RevealingnatureSectionUsinglanguage导学讲义Section Using language 1.Gregor Mendel chose to study pea plants because their characteristics were easy to control.格雷戈尔孟德尔选择探讨豌豆植物,因为它们的特性易于限制。(教材P53) 语言点1 characteristic n.特征,特性 情境探究 He described the character of the chara
2、cter he played with two Chinese characters. 他用了两个汉字来描绘他所扮演的角色的性格。Her behaviour last night was completely out of character. 她昨晚的行为举止与她的性格完全不符。She resembles her sister in appearance but not in character. 她外貌上像她的姐姐, 性格上却不同。Windmills are a characteristic feature of the Mallorcan landscape.风车是马略卡岛风光的一个典型
3、特色。归纳拓展 (1)characteristic adj.特有的,典型的 (2)character n.性格,特性;特点;品质;(书、剧本、电影等中的)人物,角色;字;符号 in character 符合(某人的)性格 out of character (与自身特性)不相符 (3)characterize v.成为的特征,以为典型 学以致用 (1)赏句猜义 Tough times are always good times for team character building. 品质 Brave, good and strong, Xiulian is the character we c
4、are about most. 角色,人物 Jim and Jack are good friends, but they are different from each other in character. 性格 (2)单句填空 Bananas have their own characteristic (character) smell. The two groups of children have quite different characters (character). 2.The extinction of the Pinta Island tortoise is blame
5、d on humans.平塔岛乌龟的灭亡被归咎于人类。(教材P53) 语言点2 blame v.指责,指责;把归咎于 情境探究 I do not blame them for trying to make some money. 我认为他们努力赚一些钱也是情有可原的。The police are blaming the accident on dangerous driving. 警方把事故缘由归咎于危急驾驶。The boy was to blame for what he had done. 这个男孩因他的所作所为受到了责怪。Shell put the blame on us if it t
6、urns out badly. 假如这件事结果不好,她会指责我们的。归纳拓展 (1)blame sb./sth. for sth. 因某事而指责某人/事 blame sth. on sb./sth.把某事归咎于某人/事 be to blame (for sth.)(对某事)负有责任 (2)blame n. (坏事或错事的)责任;责怪;指责 lay/put the blame for sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人 误区警示 be to blame是主动形式表示被动意义。学以致用 (1)单句填空 Its your fault. How can you put the blame on
7、others? He blamed his brother for breaking the window. Who do you think is to blame (blame) for the accident? (2)一句多译 他把失败归咎于我。He blamed the failure on me. He blamed me for the failure. 3.After goats in particular had been brought to the island, the Pinta Island tortoise population declined.特殊是山羊被带到
8、岛上后,平塔岛乌龟数量下降了。(教材P53) 语言点3 decline v.削减 情境探究 The number of staff has declined from 217,000 to 114,000. 员工人数从 21.7万削减到了11.4万。The band declined to comment on the story. 乐队拒肯定这一报道作任何评论。An increase in cars has resulted in the decline of public transport. 汽车的增加导致了公共交通的削减。Thankfully, the smoking of cigar
9、ettes is on the decline. 庆幸的是,吸烟量在下降。Libraries are an investment for the future and they should not be allowed to fall into (a) decline. 图书馆是对将来的一项投资,不应任其日趋衰落。归纳拓展 (1)decline n.衰退;下降;削减 on the decline在下降 fall/go into (a) decline起先衰落 (2)decline v.婉言谢绝 decline to do sth.拒绝做某事 学以致用 (1)赏句猜义 The number o
10、f tourists to the place of interest declined by 10% last year. 下降,削减 I offered to give them a lift but they declined. 谢绝 (2)单句填空 The number of pandas in the wild is on the decline. When he got home, the city labour office declined to help (help) him find a job. 4.The Giant Tortoise Reserve on Santa
11、Cruz is home to several species of giant tortoise that are native to the Galpagos Islands.圣克鲁斯岛的巨型乌龟爱护区是几种原产于加拉帕戈斯群岛的巨型乌龟的家园。(教材P55) 语言点4 be native to 源于的,原产于 情境探究 He turned into a native cafe and ordered a drink. 他走进一家本地咖啡馆,要了一杯饮料。The panda is native to West China. 熊猫产于中国西部。Officials say the woman
12、is a native of Somalia. 官员说,那名女子是索马里人。归纳拓展 (1)native adj.诞生地的;本地的;土著的;天生的 (2)native n.本国人;本地人;土著;本地的动物(或植物) a native of.的本地/国人 (3)be+形容词+to(介词) be similar to与相像 be friendly/kind to对友好 be familiar to sb.为某人所熟知 be equal to胜任 学以致用 (1)赏句猜义 It is a long time since he has visited his native Chile. 诞生地的 Yo
13、u can always tell the differences between the tourists and the natives. 当地人,本地人 The ability to swim is native to fish. 天生的 (2)单句填空 Taoism, native to China, has a history of more than 1,700 years. He doesnt seem equal to meeting (meet) our demands. .语境填词 1.His books have sold more than 20 million cop
14、ies worldwide (遍及全世界). 2.A giant (巨大的) panda can weigh as much as 150 kg, when fully grown. 3.Primitive (原始的) humans needed to be able to react like this to escape from dangerous animals. 4.Some goats (山羊) are eating grass on the green grassland. 5.This section of the market has slowly declined (下降)
15、 in importance. 6.Melbourne and Sydney both have a long history and share many characteristics (特性). 7.Call her if you like, but dont blame (指责) me if shes angry. 8.The tortoise (陆龟) wins the race while the hare is sleeping. .语境选词 be native to, put the blame for, in particular, be harmful to, by con
16、trast, in the end, carry out, be home to 1.The judge put the blame for the accident on the driver. 2.Bamboo is native to every continent except Europe and Antarctica. 3.I am not good at expressing myself. By contrast, I am better at thinking instead. 4.To carry out the experiment, you need the follo
17、wing things. 5.The surrounding forests are home to many birds and animals. 6.In the end, the prince and princess unite in marriage and the whole city celebrates their happiness. 7.Youd better give up smoking, for it is harmful to your health. 8.Traffic is bad, in particular in the city center. .语法专练
18、 (2020四川南充高级中学高一下期中) It certainly takes a lot of effort to push through hard times. While the nation is fighting 1.against COVID-19, citizens have to make changes in their daily lives. Some people decide to make small routine changes, 2.while others offer all their time and energy to help others dur
19、ing this crisis. Most people take their temperatures, wear masks, wash their hands often and dont go out unless its necessary. One of 3.the most painful (painful) changes was that many Chinese people didnt get together 4.to celebrate (celebrate) the Spring Festival. And many schools and places of wo
20、rk 5.delayed (delay) their return date before May. However, it didnt stop employees and students from working and studying at home. February 10 6.was planned (plan) to be the first day of the new semester, and students began to have online classes at home. 7.Bored (bore) at home, people started to l
21、earn new things to fill their time. Whats more, thousands of 8.volunteers (volunteer) are working non-stop to help deliver supplies and assist the 9.affected (affect) regions. “In reality, were more likely to rush to help others than run them over to save ourselves,” wrote the US psychologist Kelly
22、Caldwell in Pacific Standard, “Its 10.an exercise in mass healing.” .单句填空 1.As we all know, people who circulate false news are to blame (blame). 2.Each rooftop had 16 different kinds of plants native to Texas. 3.I dont know the reason why he declined to join (join) the gardening club. 4.Personal ch
23、aracteristics (characteristic), such as age and sex, are taken into account. 5.By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I had cooked (cook) the dinner already. 6.I had planned (plan) to go for a walk, but someone called and I couldnt get away. 7.The twins, who had finished (finish) their homew
24、ork, were allowed to play badminton in the playground. 8.This Monday morning I was informed I had been chosen (choose) as one of the three exchange students from our college. 9.Silk had become (become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC. 10.She was surprised to find
25、the fridge empty;the child had eaten (eat) everything! .完成句子 1.当我听到敲门声,我立刻就开门了。(no sooner.than.倒装句) No sooner had I heard the knock than I opened the door. 2.这是球迷们第三次荣获这项大奖。(It be+the+序数词+time that.) It was the third time that the fans had been awarded the trophy. 3.销售额的下降归咎于经济不景气。(blame.on.) The de
26、crease in sales was blamed on the bad economy. 4.昨天他们准备在操场上开个会, 但雨下得很大。(had meant.) They had meant to hold a meeting in the playground yesterday, but it rained heavily. 5.你听说过休格兰特主演的那部新电影吗? (hear of) Have you heard of the new film in which Hugh Grant starred? .阅读理解 (2020浙江温州十五校联合体高二上期中联考) A few mont
27、hs ago I took a trip to Osaka. Unfortunately, I didnt go there on holiday. I went there on a business trip. By the time I got to the station, I was very tired and hungry. At the station there was a shop selling lunchboxes. They had cheap lunchboxes and expensive lunchboxes. I bought a cheap lunch-bo
28、x. After that, I made my way to my platform and found my train. I got on the train and found my seat. Now I was feeling really hungry and tired. I wondered whether I should eat my lunchbox or take a nap. I decided I would enjoy my lunchbox more after a nap. I put the lunchbox in the hat rack above m
29、y head. As I was sitting down, a young businessman approached me. Like me, he looked tired, and he also had a lunchbox. He asked if the seat next to me was free and I said it was. In a few minutes, I was fast asleep. When I awoke, the businessman was no longer there. I looked at the seat next to me
30、and I saw a lunch box. I was so hungry that I opened it up and started to eat. I was very surprised to see how nice it tasted. After a minute or two of eating, the businessman returned. He had an astonished look on his face. He asked me why I was eating his lunchbox. Then it hit me that I had put my
31、 lunchbox above my head. This really wasnt my lunchbox. I apologized many times and offered him my lunchbox. Also, I bought him a drink to say sorry. We then spent the next few hours chatting away and we got along really well. We even exchanged numbers and now we occasionally meet up for drinks. We
32、have become quite good friends. 1.What can be inferred about the writer from the first paragraph? A.He is not fond of Osaka at all. B.He is fond of going on a business trip. C.In fact, he is a very wealthy person. D.He is probably a person who saves money for his life. 2.What does the writer probabl
33、y agree with? A.Eating is more important than sleep. B.Eating a meal should be enjoyed. C.Eating should be placed second to sleep. D.Sleep is more important than eating. 3.Why did the writer eat the young mans lunchbox? A.Because he was too hungry. B.Because he wanted to gain advantages. C.Because h
34、e mistook it for his own lunchbox. D.Because it tasted better than his own lunchbox. 4.How does the writer feel about his trip to Osaka? A.Fun and worthwhile. B.Ridiculous and regretful. C.Funny and guilty. D.Interesting and costly. 答案 语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文,主题语境是人与自我。本文记叙的是作者到大阪出差,旅行途中错吃了邻座的盒饭,而最终两人却成为好挚友的故事
35、。1.D推理推断题。依据第一段中I bought a cheap lunchbox.可推出作者可能是一个生活节俭的人。2.B推理推断题。依据其次段中I decided I would enjoy my lunchbox more after a nap.可推出作者认为吃饭得好好地享受。3.C细微环节理解题。依据第三段中Then it hit me that I had put my lunch-box above my head.可知作者误吃了那个年轻人的饭是因为作者把年轻人的饭误认为是自己的了。4.A推理推断题。依据文章情节:作者在旅行中误吃了别人的饭使他感到好玩,而两人因此成为了挚友使他感
36、到旅行有意外收获,可知作者认为他的旅行是好玩且值得的。.七选五 (2020重庆育才中学高一下期中) While many people are accessible by email, sometimes it is difficult to determine how exactly to write an email to them. Here are some tips for you to follow. Write an appropriate subject line. The subject line should tell the recipient (接收者) immedia
37、tely what the email is about. 1. Remember that your wording also has to be brief. 2. It is best to be more formal rather than informal, so when writing to someone you have never met or written to before, a “Dear Jane Smith” is appropriate. When addressing someone whom you are a little familiar with,
38、 a “Dr. Smith” is okay until they tell you to address them by their first name, in which case a simple “Jane” will be okay. 3. Within the first two sentences of your e-mail, your recipient should know exactly why you are writing to them. Sometimes an introduction may have to precede (先于) the sentenc
39、e that states why you are writing, and sometimes it has to follow. Use appropriate language. You may be used to using informal language in certain social settings. 4.Even when dealing with colleagues or friends you are familiar with, do not immediately fall back on informal language. Keep it simple.
40、 People may get dozens and even hundreds of emails a day. 5. In that way, they can save much of their time when reading emails. A.Use proper greetings. B.Express your ideas clearly. C.State your purpose in the beginning. D.Be as specific as possible when writing the subject. E.However, an email may
41、not be the best place to use such language. F.It is important to check the language to avoid spelling and grammar mistakes. G.It is always easier for them if you keep your email as short and brief as possible. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 答案 语篇解读本文是说明文,就如何写电子邮件提出了几点建议。1.D此处承接上一句来说明写主题的时候要详细,以便收件人能够马上知道邮件的主题,下一句也顺
42、着本句绽开,说明措辞要简练,故选D。2.A本段主要讲在不怜悯况和场合下应当运用适当的称呼,故选A。3.C依据下一句可知,本段主要讲在邮件一起先要点明你写邮件的意图,选项C中的“at the beginning”与下一句中的“Within the first two sentences”相对应,故选C。4.EE选项与上一句构成转折关系,以此来说明写电子邮件时不要运用非正式的语言,同时也与下句构成了顺承关系,故选E。5.GG选项中的them指代上一句中的People,与前后句共同来说明为什么要使邮件简洁、明白,故选G。.完形填空 (2020山东德州陵城区第一中学高二12月月考) My name i
43、s Miranda Gibson. I have been at the top of a tree for five months now. Some people might wonder 1 on earth I would choose to do that. I have walked through this forest many times. On 12 December 2011,2 rolled into the forest and the destruction (摧毁) began. I couldnt 3 the thought that these forests
44、 would be 4 forever. So, on 14 December 2011, I packed up my life, 5 of my job plans, and climbed 60 meters to the top of this tree. I have been here ever since. Life in the tree tops can be6 at times. I have times when I feel frustrated (懊丧) and wish I could 7 to anywhere, just have a 8 of scenery
45、for a minute! There are times too, when I feel terribly 9. I miss my friends and family. 10 these times I find myself loving the 11. Living on the tree has been inspiring. I am willing to 12 up here for as long as it takes, 13 I honestly hope it wont be too 14 before I can put my feet on the ground
46、below and stand in a forest that will never be 15. 1.A.why B.when C.how D.where 2.A.water B.animals C.machinery D.tourists 3.A.bear B.help C.keep D.spare 4.A.sold B.stolen C.protected D.lost 5.A grew out B.fell shortC.ran out D.let go 6.A.refreshingB.riskyC.challengingD.rewarding 7.A.get up B.get aw
47、ayC.give in D.give up 8.A.change B.look C.search D.touch 9.A.confusedB.nervous C.sorry D.lonely 10.A.BeyondB.WithoutC.Despite D.Unlike 11.A.height B.experienceC.background D.position 12.A.return B.stop C.stay D.hide 13.A.but B.though C.because D.so 14.A.soon B.long C.near D.bad 15.A.moved B.logged C
48、.burned D.missed 答案 语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了作者待在树顶上五个多月的缘由,以及待在树顶时的感受和希望等。1.A依据上文的“wonder”以及下文的“on earth I would choose to do that”可知,一些人可能想知道我原委为什么会选择那么做。故选A项。2.C依据下文的“rolled into the forest and the destruction (摧毁) began”可知,机器(machinery)进入森林,摧毁起先了。故选C项。3.A依据下文的“So, on 14 December 2011, I packed up my life,.”可知,“我”无法忍受(bea