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1、欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！Section I Use of English Directions:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painfu
2、l?Because humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty,according to a recent study in Psychological Science.The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3.In a series of four experiments,behavioral sc
3、ientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested.Students willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity.For one 5 each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment.The twist?Hal
4、f of the pens would 6 an electric shock when clicked.Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified,another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified 7 left alone in the room,the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shock
5、s than the students who knew what would 8 subsequent experiments reproduced,this effect with other 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！stimuli 9 the sound of finger nails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.The drive to_10_is deeply rooted in humans.Much the same as the
6、basic drives for_11_or shelter,says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago Curiosity is often considered a good instinct-it can _12_New Scientific advances,for instance-but sometimes such_13_can backfire,the insight that curiosity can drive you to do _14_things is a profound one.Unhealthy cur
7、iosity is possible to 15,however,in a final experiment,participants who were encouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an image.These results suggest that imagining the 18 of following through on ones curiosity ahead of time can help
8、determine 19 it is worth the endeavor.”Thinking about long-term 20 is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity.Hsee says“in other words,dont read online comments”.1.AProtect B resolve C discuss D ignore 2.Arefuse B wait C regret D seek 3.Ahurt B last Cmislead D rise 4.Aalert B tie
9、C treat D expose 5.Amessage B review C trial D concept 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！6A remove B weaken C interrupt D deliver 7Awhen B if C though D unless 8A continue B happen C disappear D change 9A rather than B regardless of C such as D owing to 10A discover B forgive C forget D
10、 disagree 11A pay B marriage C schooling D food 12A lead to Brest on C learn from D begin with 13A withdrawal B persistence C inquiry D diligence 14A self-reliant B self-destructive C self-evident D self-deceptive 15A define B resist Creplace D trace 16A overlook B predict C design D conceal 17A rem
11、ember B promise C choose D pretend 18A relief B plan C duty D outcome 19A why B whether C where D how 20A consequences B investments C strategies D limitations 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！Section II Reading Comprehension Part A Directions:Read the following four texts.Answer the q
12、uestions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)Text 1 It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though he has to justify his efforts to give his students a better future.Mr.Koziatek is part of something pioneering.He is a teacher at a New H
13、ampshire high school where learning is not something of books and tests and mechanical memorization,but practical.When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to name the 13th president of the United States but be utterly overwhelmed by a broken bike chain?As Koziatek knows,there
14、is learning in just about everything.Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffitied desk stuck with generations of discarded chewing gum.They can also learn geometry by assembling a bicycle.欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！But hes also found a kind
15、of insidious prejudice.Working with your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority.Schools in the family of vocational education“have that stereotype.that its for kids who cant make it academically,”he says.On one hand,that viewpoint is a logical product of Americas evolution.Manufacturing is no
16、t the economic engine that it once was.The job security that the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated.More education is the new principle.We want more for our kids,and rightfully so.But the headlong push into bachelors degrees for all and the subtle devaluing of an
17、ything less misses an important point:Thats not the only thing the American economy need.Yes,a bachelors degree opens more doors.But even now,54 percent of the jobs in the country are middle-skill jobs,such as construction and high-skill manufacturing.But only 44 percent of workers are adequately tr
18、ained.In other words,at a time when the working class has turned the country on its political head,frustrated that the opportunity that once defined America is vanishing,one obvious solution is staring us in the face.There is a gap in working-class jobs,but the workers who need those jobs most arent
19、 equipped to do them.Koziateks Manchester school of Technology High School is trying to fill that gap.欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！Koziateks school is a wake-up call.When education becomes one-size-fits-all,it risks overlooking a nations diversity of gifts.21.A broken bike chain is
20、 mentioned to show students lack of.A practical ability B academic training C pioneering spirit D mechanical memorization 22.There exists the prejudice that vocational education is for kids who.A have a stereotyped mind B have no career motivation C are not academically successful D are financially
21、disadvantaged 23.We can infer from Paragraph 5 that high school graduates.A used to have big financial concerns 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！B used to have more job opportunities C are reluctant to work in manufacturing D are entitled to more educational privileges 24.The headlong
22、push into bachelors degrees for all.A helps create a lot of middle-skill jobs B may narrow the gap in working-class jobs C is expected to yield a better-trained workforce D indicates the overvaluing of higher education 25.The authors attitude toward Koziateks school can be described as.A supportive
23、B tolerant C disappointed D cautious Text 2 While fossil fuelsstill generate roughly 85 percent of the worlds energy supply,its clearer than ever that the future 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！belongs to renewable sources such as wind and solar.The move to renewables is picking up mo
24、mentum around the world:They now account for more than half of new power sources going on line.Some growth stems from a commitment by governments and farsighted businesses to fund cleaner energy sources.But increasingly the story is about the plummeting prices of renewables,especially wind and solar
25、.The cost of solar panels has dropped by 80 percent and the cost of wind turbines by close to one-third in the past eight years.In many parts of the world renewable energy is already a principal energy source.In Scotland,for example,wind turbines provide enough electricity to power 95 percent of hom
26、es.While the rest of the world takes the lead,notably China and Europe,the United States is also seeing a remarkable shift.In March,for the first time,wind and solar power accounted for more than 10 percent of the power generated in the US,reported the US Energy Information Administration.President
27、Trump has underlined fossil fuelsespecially coalas the path to economic growth.In a recent speech in Iowa,he dismissed wind power as an unreliable energy source.But that message did not play well with many in Iowa,where wind turbines dot the fields and provide 36 percent of the states electricity ge
28、nerationand where tech giants like Microsoft are being attracted by the availability of clean energy to power their data centers.欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！The question“What happens when the wind doesnt blow or the sun doesnt shine?”has provided a quick put-down for skeptics.But
29、a boost in the storage capacity of batteries is making their ability to keep power flowing around the clock more likely.The advance is driven in part by vehicle manufacturers,who are placing big bets on battery-powered electric vehicles.Although electric cars are still a rarity on roads now,this mas
30、sive investment could change the picture rapidly in coming years.While theres a long way to go,the trend lines for renewables are spiking.The pace of change in energy sources appears to be speeding upperhaps just in time to have a meaningful effect in slowing climate change.What Washington doesor do
31、esnt doto promote alternative energy may mean less and less at a time of a global shift in thought.26.The word“plummeting”(Line 3,Para.2)is closest in meaning to.A stabilizing B changing C falling D rising 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！27.According to Paragraph 3,the use of renewabl
32、e energy in America.A is progressing notably B is as extensive as in Europe C faces many challenges D has proved to be impractical 28.It can be learned that in Iowa,.A wind is a widely used energy source B wind energy has replaced fossil fuels C tech giants are investing in clean energy D there is a
33、 shortage of clean energy supply 29.Which of the following is true about clean energy according to Paragraphs 5&6？A Its application has boosted battery storage.B It is commonly used in car manufacturing.C Its continuous supply is becoming a reality.D Its sustainable exploitation will remain difficul
34、t.欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！30.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that renewable energy_.A will bring the USA closer to other countries.B will accelerate global environmental change.C is not really encouraged by the USA government.D is not competitive enough with regard
35、to its cost.Text 3 The power and ambition of the giants of the digital economy is astonishing-Amazon has just announced the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for l3.5bn,but two years ago Facebook paid even more than that to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service,which doesnt have an
36、y physical product at all.What WhatsApp offered Facebook was an intricate and finely detailed web of its users friendships and social lives.Facebook promised the European commission then that it would not link phone numbers to Facebook identities,but it broke the promise almost as soon as the deal w
37、ent through.Even without knowing what was in the messages,the knowledge of who sent them and to whom was enormously revealing and still could be.What political journalist,what party whip,would not want to know the makeup of the WhatsApp groups in which Therea Mays enemies are currently plotting?It 欢
38、迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！may be that the value of Whole Foods to Amazon is not so much the 460 shops it owns,but the records of which customers have purchased what.Competition law appears to be the only way to address these imbalances of power.But it is clumsy.For one thing,it i
39、s very slow compared to the pace of Change within the digital economy.By the time a problem has been addressed and remedied it may have vanished in the marketplace,to be replaced by new abuses of power.But there is a deeper conceptual problem,too.Competition law as presently interpreted deals with f
40、inancial disadvantage to consumers and this is not obvious when the users of these services dont pay for them.The users of their Services are not their customers.That would be the people who buy advertising from them-and Facebook and Google,the two virtual giants,dominate digital advertising to the
41、disadvantage of all other media and entertainment companies.The product theyre selling is data,and we,the users,convert our lives to date for the benefit of the digital giants.Just as some ants farm the bugs called aphids for the honeydew the produce when they feed,so Google farms us for the data th
42、at our digital lives yield.Ants keep predatory insects away from where their aphids feed;Gmail keeps the spamme out of our inboxes.It doesnt feel like a human or democratic relationship,even if both sides benefit.欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！31.According to Paragraph 1,Facebook acq
43、uired WhatsApp for its.A digital products B user information C physical assets D quality service 32.Linking phone numbers to Facebook identities may.A worsen political disputes B mess up customer records C pose a risk to Facebook users D mislead the European commission 33.According to the author,com
44、petition law.A should sever the new market powers B may worsen the economic imbalance C should not provide just one legal solution D cannot keep pace with the changing market 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！34.Competition law as presently interpreted can hardly protect Facebook users
45、because.A they are not defined as customers B they are not financially reliable C the services are generally digital D the services are paid for by advertisers 35.The ants analogy is used to illustrate.A a win-win business model between digital giants B a typical competition pattern among digital gi
46、ants C the benefits provided for digital giants customers D the relationship between digital giants and their users Text 4 To combat the trap of putting a premium on being busy,Cal Newport,author of Deep Work:Rules for Focused Success in a Distracted World,recommends building a habit of“deep work”-t
47、he ability to focus without distraction.There are a number of approaches to mastering the art of deep work-be it lengthy retreats dedicated to a specific task;developing a daily ritual;or taking a“journalistic”approach 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！to seizing moment of deep work whe
48、n you can throughout the day.Whichever approach,the key is to determine your length of focus time and stick to it.Newport also recommends“deep scheduling”to combat constant interruptions and get more done in less time.“At any given point,I should have deep work scheduled for roughly the next mouth.O
49、nce on the calendar,I protect this time like I would a doctors appointment or important meeting”,he writes.Another approach to getting more done in less time is to rethink how you priorities your day in particular how we craft our to-do lists.Tim Harford,author of Messy:The Power of Disorder to Tran
50、sform Our Lives,points to a study in the early 1980s that divided undergraduates into two groups:some were advised to set out monthly goals and study activities;others were told to plan activities and goals in much more detail,day by day.While the researchers assumed that the well-structured daily p