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1、高中英语高考英语名词常考必考知识点带答案单项选择题（精选试题名师出品）I hold a firm that the visiting team （客队） will lose.A. dietB. strengthC. beliefD. award2、Cosplay, short for costume play, is a of costume creation and role-playing, and its a big part ofthe at Comic-Con, the annual pop culture exposition in San Diego.A. mix.sceneB.
2、 mix.sceneryC. confusion.sceneD. confusion.scenery3、 To his parents, their son always makes them at his study.A. disappointment; disappointedB. disappointed; disappointingC. disappointing; disappointedD. disappointing; disappointment4、No, no injuries.A. deadB. deathC. deathsD. dying5、Study shows tha
3、t there is strong between physical punishment and the IQ.A. connections. conditionC. organizationD. cooperationHis natural and wisdom made him very popular among the colleagues.A. charityB. chainC. charmD. chartMalala Yousafzai, a（n）of womens rights, became a victim of terrorist attack.A. inventorB.
4、 competitorC. advocateD. composerVisitors are not permitted anything without.A. touching; permitB. to touch; permitionC. to touch; permissionD. touching; allowance9、The signing of this agreement will ease the international, which might bring an end to conflicts between countries. 约好了。have an appoint
5、ment with sb.，固定短语，与某人有约定（预约）。应选A项。15、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你必须启动发动机才能使汽车开动。A.investigation调查；B.engine发动机； C.struggle斗争；D.performance表现。根据句意表示使汽车开动，可知应填入发动机。应选B。16、答案：A解析：考查名词复数和助动词用法。句意：虽然我的新手机有很多功能，但运行不太好。function作名词意为功能, 为可数名词，在many后应用复数形式。function作动词意为运行”，在助动词do或does后应用原形。应选Ao17、答案：C解析：考查固定句型。句意：未经
6、领导允许进入他们的办公室是不礼貌的。分析句子可知，manner意为方式，方 法”,名词词性,作礼貌讲时,应用其复数形式“manners”, is bad manners to do sth.意为做某事是不礼貌 的，故空格处应用“bad manners应选C项。18、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他以勇气和决心与疾病作斗争。A. flood洪水；B. visa签证；C. plate盘子；D. determination决心。根据常识判断可知，和疾病作斗争需要决心和勇气。应选D。19、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的作业中有很多错误，所以你最好在交上来之前改正。A. base根基
7、，基础；B.errors错误；C.behaviour行为；D.bad坏人，坏事。根据so yoifd better correct them 可知，作业中有错误。应选Bo1020、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：汤米，快跑!快点!房子着火了!母亲喊道，声音里明显流露出恐慌。A.anger愤怒, 生气；B.confusion困惑;C.regret后悔，遗憾；D.panic惊慌，恐慌。根据The house is on fire!可知他母亲是恐 慌地大喊。应选D项。小提示：21、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:没有她的允许你不能拍照。A.adventure冒险；B.fault过错；C.
8、patience耐心； 0.permission允许。由You cant take photos without her”可知，句子意为“没有她的允许你不能拍照，因此空 格处为允许，应选D。22、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个小女孩展示出了在音乐方面的天赋。A. career职业；B.talent天赋；C. connection联系；D.power权利。show/have a talen for在某方面有天赋为固定短语，符合句意。应选B项。23、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当孩子们在阅读或数学等科目上遇到困难时，学校可能会提供教学干预，这是一个针对学业需求的特定工程。A.
9、 comparison比照；B.accumulation积累；C.intervention干预；D. conservation 保护。由“When kids are struggling with subjects like reading or math可知，句子表示“当孩子们在阅读或数学等 科目上遇到困难时，学校可能会提供教学干预”，空格处意为干预，应选C。24、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析和短语。句意：这个工程目标是给农村人提供使用平安饮水的机会。A.access接触；11B.passage通道；C.way方式；D.approach方法。根据accessto （使用.的机会）可知空格处
10、填access。应选 Ao25、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我试图说服她和我一起去，但失败了。A. attempt试图；B.attack攻击；C.thrill激 动；D. border边界。in ones attempt to do sth.试图做某事。根据I failed”可知,是试图说服,但失败。应选A。26、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：真巧啊！我没想到会在这里见到你。A. classic经典，典范；B. characteristic特色；C. certificate 证书；D. coincidence 巧合。根据后文“I wasnt expecting to see
11、you here.可知遇见是巧合，应用 coincidenceo 应选 Do27、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:她在与良心作斗争，不知道是否要把她所看到的告诉警察。A. complaint 抱怨； B. consequence 结果；C. conscience 良心；D. composition 成分。 根据whether to tell the police what she saw.” 可知，她的内心在与良心作斗争。应选C。28、答案：D解析：考查形容词和名词。句意：杭州是一座令人印象深刻的城市，它经常给游客留下深刻的印象，它的风景总是 吸引着外国游客。第一个空要填形容词在句中做定
12、语，修饰city。impressive令人难忘的，可以用于人，也 可以用于物；-ing形式形容词，一般用来修饰物体；-ed形式形容词一般用来修饰人。impressing一般不作形 容词用。make an impression on给留下印象。应选Do29、答案：B解析:12 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着智能手机的普及，人们逐渐失去了看电视的兴趣，这使得电视成为了家里的一种装饰。A. analysis 分析；B. appetite 兴趣,欲望；C. incident 事件;D. appreciation 欣赏。根据which makes TV a decoration of the house可
13、知，人们逐渐失去了看电视的兴趣，appetite符合题意。应选B。30、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在领导层想要展望未来，为本世纪余下的时间制定策略。concern担忧，关心； signal信号,预兆；strategy策略;accident意外事故。根据上文的look forward展望可推断，领导层想要展 望未来，制定策略。应选C。31、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为5G技术的广泛运用，更多的远程外科手术就有了跨长距离实施的可能了。A. occupation职业，占领；B.application运用；C.qualification资格，授权；D position作文。
14、根据句子结构 和意思可知，这里需要的是5G技术的广泛运用的意思，考查运用对应的名词，在句子中做介词短语Due to的宾语。应选B。32、答案：C解析：考查句子结构中词性构成类型。句意：他的努力工作使他在工作上非常成功。第一个划线局部very successful 是形容词短语，英文缩写是Adjp,副词very修饰形容词successful,该短语在句中作宾语补足语。第二个划 线局部his job,是一个名词短语，英文缩写是NP,该短语作介词in的宾语。应选C。33、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们正在讨论吸烟对我们肺部的影响。A. gain好处，利益；B. award奖品，奖金; C
15、 opportunity机会;D. impact影响。根据句意，空处需填名词impact,表示“影响。应选D项。34、答案：A13解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：成功的途径是充分利用受教育的机会。A. access通路、入径；B.fountain喷泉；C.potential潜力；D. document文件。the access to.（ 的途径）符合句意。应选A项。35答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:距离比赛结束只有5分钟了，这场势均力敌的比赛结果仍不明朗。A. cooperation 合作；B. opponent对手；C.outcome结果；outline轮廓；大纲。根据语境可知，比赛
16、快结束了，但是因为两 队势均力敌，所以不明确的是比赛的结果。应选C。36答案：C解析：考查形容词/名词辨析。句意：如果我们想取得成功或克服路上的困难，我们不应该过多地关注生活的消极一 面。A. positive积极的;B.advantage优势（名词）；C.negative消极的；D.disadvantage劣势。根据空前的 “we shouldnt focus too much on可知，我们不应该过多地关注生活的消极一面。应选Co37、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为新工作，他现在的压力很大。A.stress压力；B.strength力量；C. stream小河; D.push推
17、。under great stress表示：压力很大。由此可知A符合语境，应选A。38、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：据说1906年旧金山地震的震级为8.3级。A. detail细节；B. magnitude震级；C.honour荣誉；D.marathon马拉松。表示地震的震级需用名词magnitude。应选B。39、答案：C解析：考查名词和形容词辨析。句意：最后，这个人在巨大的工作压力下病倒了。A. frightened害怕的；B. lovely可14爱的；C.pressure压力；D.unfamiliar不熟悉的。结合句意和空格前定冠词the,以及作定语的形容词great可 知，应
18、填入名词pressure（压力）作宾语，且underpressure是常用词组，表示承受压力。应选C项。40、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：梵高以他的向日葵而闻名，这幅画用了三种深浅不同的黄色。A.ports港口；shores海岸；C. shades深浅,阴影；D.stairs台阶。根据上文“which was painted in three指用三种深浅不同 的黄色颜料作画，应用shade。应选C。41、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：马云在2018年上海浙商论坛上的演讲给我们留下了很好的印象，他对未来的商业 会是什么样子做了很好的描述。A. association联系；B.
19、function功能；C. satisfaction满足;D. impression印象。 根据后文“he gave us a fantastic description of what the future business will be like.（他对未来的商业会是什么样子 做了很好的描述。）可知，因为对未来商业有很好的描述，所以此处表示给我们留下了好的印象。应选D。42、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们将探索一种不同的方法来收集信息。A.adventure探险；冒险；B.approach方 法;C.advance进步;D.addition附加物；补充物。短语：approac
20、h to sth.zz的方法,此处指收集信息的一 种不同的方法，应选B。43、答案：B解析：考查名词和形容词辨析。句意：对你所读的书和你所结交的朋友要同样谨慎，因为你的习惯和性格受到前者（书籍）和后者（朋友）的影响一样大。A.resentment愤怒，formal正式的；B pany同伴，former前者（的）；C.hatred 憎恨，formal 正式的；D. virtue 美德,former 前者（的）。根据Be as careful of the booksyou read可知，第一空拿读书和交友作比拟，所以选同伴；根据the latter可知，第二空将前者和后者进行比照,所以选前者，应
21、选B。1544、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一篇文章的标题可以给读者提供有关文章主旨的重要信息。A. title标题；B.homework家庭作业;C.housework家务；D.panic惊恐。根据the main idea ”可知,此处表示文章的标题。故 选Ao45、答案：B解析：考查名词。句意：杰瑞一直在认真地为即将到来的英语考试做准备，以便他有把握第一次就通过。A:rescue 营救;B:attempt尝试;Cpurpose目的;D:request要求,固定句式at ones first attempt在某人第一次尝试时,结合 句意,应选Bo46、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨
22、析。句意：珍妮说她这辈子从没想过自己会唱歌，但现在，在唱诗班唱歌让她摆脱了所谓的 “灰暗日子。A.reality现实;B.relief减轻，解除;emission任务;D.fault错误。根据句意以及But now可知, 但现在，在唱诗班唱歌让她摆脱了所谓的灰暗日子。应选B项。47、答案：A解析：考查名词。句意：一起作战的士兵通常有强烈的兄弟情谊。A. brotherhood兄弟情谊；B.brother兄弟；C.brothers 兄弟（复数）；D. brotherly 兄弟的。根据上文“Soldiers who are fighting together（一起作战的士兵）可知, 一起作战的士兵
23、会有强烈的兄弟情谊，所以此处指兄弟情谊，应用名词brotherhood,应选A。48、答案：B解析：考查动词短语辨析和名词词义辨析。句意：我们大多数人只愿意把批评的冷风施加到别人身上，但不知何故 却不愿意把赞美的温暖阳光给予我们的同伴。A. respond to对作出回应，conflict冲突，矛盾；B. apply to16 把应用到，把施加到，criticism批评；C.reactto对作出反映，threat威胁；D.reply to对作 出回复，superiority优越，优势。根据while可知，前后两句表示转折关系。所以，the cold wind of 和第二句话中的give ou
24、r fellows the warm sunshine of praise正好相反。和 praise 相反的是“批评(criticism)”。 所以应该选Bo apply sth. to sb.意为将应用到,将 施加到。该处指apply the cold wind of criticism to others(将批评的冷风施加到别人身上，即：批评别人)。应选B。49、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位官员正在为一个关于大象保护的四国区域会议准备文件。A. constitution构成, 组成;B. affection喜爱；C.conservation保护；D. production生产
25、。这里指关于大象保护的文件。应选C。50、答案：D解析：考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：他很快就适应了新环境。换句话说，他的适应能力更强。A. adoption, adaptive采用;适应的,常用在专业术语当中；B.adaptation, adaptive适应；适应的；C.adapt, adaptable动词, 适应；能适应的，适应性强的，指在生活中表示适应能力强；D. adaptation, adaptable适应；能适应的，适应 性强的。第一空根据后文“to the new surroundings”可知指适应新环境，应用make a quick adaptation；第二空 表示在新环
26、境中适应能力强应用形容词adaptableo应选D。51、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你没有做错任何事你应该问心无愧。A.costume戏装；B. corporation公司；C.contest竞赛；D. conscience良心；内疚。根据You didnt do anything wrong 可知，你没有做错任何事你应该问心无愧。应选D项。52、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：汽车工业宣称电动汽车将在未来十年成为主流。A. entrance入口； B. decade十年;C committee委员会;D.feedback反应。根据句意以及前文over the next可知,
27、此处指“在未来十年”。应选B 17项。53、答案:B解析：考查倒装句，时态和名词。句意：在一个树木繁茂的小山谷里有两个城镇，都坐落在美丽的环境中。分析句 子可知，表示方位的介副词短语置于句首，句子使用全部倒装，根据句意用一般现在时，lie位于，lay是lie 的过去式，故排除C、D项，主语是two towns,是复数，故谓语动词用复数，surrounding周围的，是形容 词,surroundings环境是名词,形容词beautiful修饰名词surroundings作介词宾语，应选B。54、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：袁隆平一生致力于高产水稻的研究和开发，为中国的粮食平安做出了杰出
28、的贡献。A. lack缺乏；B. cuisine风味；A security平安;D.purchase采购。由语意可知,袁隆平一生致力于研究高产、 平安的水稻。应选C项。55、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这个国家里，失业者可以从社会福利中得到钱，但靠这点钱生活并不算多。A.welfare （政府给予的）福利；B. price价格；C.prize奖赏;D.salary工资。根据前文“who have no job可知， 因为是没有工作的人，由此可知，此处需用名词welfare,表示从社会福利中得到钱。应选A。18A. tensionB. regulationC. processD. a
29、ffectionAdam wants to keep writing novels but he has too much homework. He has difficulty finding a between his hobbies and his study.A. balanceB. possibilityC. relationshipD. suggestionIn the past few years, weve seen works by Chinese sci-fi writers winning international.A. considerationB. standard
30、C. rewardD. recognition12、Will it suit your that we meet at 7.00 oclock this evening?A. satisfactions. appointmentC. delightD. convenience13、Please mind your in public.A. behaviorB. reflectionC. creativityD. sculptureId love to, but I have a(an)with my doctor.A. appointmentB. certificateC. sympathyD
31、. basement15 Youve got to start the to get the car going.A. investigations. engineC. struggleD. performanceAlthough my new cellphone has many it doesnt well.A. functions, functionB. function, functionsC. functions, functionsD. function,function17 It is to come into your leaders office without their
32、permission.A. a good mannerB. a bad mannerC. bad mannersD. good mannersHe fought against the illness with courage and.A. floodB. visaC. plateD. determinationThere are many in your homework, so you/d better correct them before you hand it in .A. baseB. errorsC. behaviourD. bad“Tommy, run! Be quick! T
33、he house is on fire!” the mother shouted, with clearly in her voice.A. angerB. confusionC. regretD. panic21 You cant take photos without her.A. adventureB. faultC. patienceD. permission22、The little girl shows a great for music.A. careerB. talentC. connectionD. power23、When kids are struggling with
34、subjects like reading or math, schools may provide teaching, a specific program to address academic needs.A. comparisons. accumulationC. interventionD. conservation24、The program is aimed to give the people in the countryside to safe drinking water.A. accessB. passageC. wayD. approachI failed in my
35、to persuade her to go with me.A. attempts. attackC. thrillD. borderWhat a! I wasnt expecting to see you here.A. classicB. characteristicC. certificateD. coincidenceShe/s battling with her over whether to tell the police what she saw.A. complaintB. consequenceC. conscienceD. composition28 Hangzhou is
36、 such an city that it。代en makes a strong on visitors and its sights never fail toattract foreign tourists.A. impressed, impressionB. impressing， impressionC. impressive, impressD. impressive, impression29、With the popularity of smart phones, people gradually lose the for watching television, which m
37、akes TV a decoration of the house.A. analysisB. appetiteC. incidentD. appreciation 30、Now the leadership wants to look forward, and to develop a for the rest of the century.A. concernB. signalC. strategyD. accident31、Due to widespread of 5G technology, more remote surgical operations are likely to b
38、e carried out acrosslong distances.A. occupationB. applicationC. qualificationD. compositionHis hard work made him very successful in his job.A. NP AdjpB. NP AdvpC. Adjp NPD. NP NPWe are having a debate over the of smoking on our lungs.A. gainB. awardC. opportunityD. impactThe to success is to make
39、good use of the chance to education.A. accessB. fountainC. potentialD. document35 With only five minutes Ie代 from the end, the of the close match was still in doubt.A. cooperations. opponentC. outcomeD. outlineIf we want to achieve success or get over the difficulties on the way, we shouldnt focus t
40、oo much on the side of our life .A. positiveB. advantageC. negativeD. disadvantage37、He is under great because of his new job.A. stressB. strengthC. streamD. pushIt is said that the San Francisco earthquake of 1906 had a of 8.3.A. detailB. magnitudeC. honourD. marathon39、Finally, the man became ill
41、under the great of work.A. frightenedB. lovelyC. pressureD. unfamiliarVan Gogh was famous for his Sunflower, which was painted in three of yellow.A. portsB. shoresC. shadesD. stairs41 The lecture Jack Ma made in the 2018 Shanghai Forum of Zhejiang Merchants left us with a wonderfulhe gave us a fanta
42、stic description of what the future business will be like.A. associationB. functionC. satisfactionD. impressionWe will explore a different to gathering information.A. adventureB. approachC. advanceD. addition43、Be as careful of the books you read, as of the you keep, for your habits and character wi
43、ll be as muchinfluenced by the as by the latter.A. resentment.formalB. company . .formerC. hatred.formalD. virtue.former44、The of a passage gives readers very important information about the main idea of it.A. titleB. homeworkC. houseworkD. panic45 Jerry has been preparing carefully for the coming E
44、nglish test so that he can be sure of passing it at his firstA. rescueB. attemptC. purposeD. requestJenny said that she had never thought in her life that she would ever sing .But now, singing in the choir provides from what she calls the gray days.A. realityB. reliefC. missionD. fault46、 Soldiers w
45、ho are fighting together often have a strong feeling of.A. brotherhoodB. brotherC. brothersD. brotherly48、While most of us are only too ready to others the cold wind of, we are somehow reluctant to give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise.A. respond to.conflicts, apply to .criticismC. react to.t
46、hreatD. reply to.superiority49 The official is preparing documents for a four-nation regional meeting on elephant.A. constitutions. affectionC. conservationD. productionHe made a quick to the new surroundings. In other words, he was more.A. adoption, adaptiveB. adaptation, adaptiveC. adapt, adaptabl
47、eD. adaptation, adaptable50、 You didnt do anything wrongyou should have a clear.A. costumeB. corporationC. contestD. conscience52、The motor industry declares that electric cars will become mainstream （主流）over the next.A. entranceB. decadeC. committeeD. feedbackIn a small wooded valley two towns, bot
48、h set in beautiful.A. lies; surroundingB. lie; surroundingsC. lay; surroundingD. did lie; surroundings54、Yuan Longping devoted his life to the research and development of high-yielding rice, making outstanding contributions to Chinas food.A. lackB. cuisineC. securityD. purchasePeople in this country who have no job can get money from, but it isnt much to live on.A. welfareB. pr