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1、高中英语高考英语名词常考必考知识点带答案单项选择题(精选试题-名师出品)1 Not knowing what the future will bring hardly seems a(n)for doing nothing.A. argumentB. resourceC. performanceD. authorityDuring the trip to London, what left me the deepest was St. Pauls Cathedral built many years ago.A. impressionB. panicC. resourceD. impact3、
2、To fight against global warming, scientists are working on energy-saving measures to reduce fuelA. consumptionB. collectionC. commitmentD. distributionOur main task at the moment is to provide a for the survivors of the disaster-hit areas.A. routeB. concernC. shelterD. scheduleI want to know the spo
3、rting that catch the peoples attention in China.A. accidentsB. eventsC. incidentsD. occasion6、Our class held a fierce as to whether to reduce the amount of homework or not.A. bargainB. contestC. debateD. campaignIts a pity that her suggestion met with.A. rejections. expectationC. distinctionD. coope
4、rationI want to buy as a birthday gift for my sister.A. some jewelB. a piece of jewelC. a jewelleryD. a piece of jewellery9、The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly.A. atmosphereB. adventureC. astronomyD. agricultureMale nurses are difficult to hire as many men reject thi
5、s out of the long-existing discrimination.A. conceptB. assessmentC. identityD. personality11 Im writing to ask you to do me a.C.contract合同；D.contact联系。根据the West and East,可知，东西方文化之间有一个明显的差异。应选B 项。小提示：15、答案：C解析：考查名词所有格。句意：小女孩的卧室里有一张漂亮的照片。她非常喜欢它。根据句意和空格后bedroom可 知，空格处应用名词所有格，表示小女孩的卧室，根据句中She可知，句中指一个小女
6、孩，故排除B和D, 单数名词的所有格直接在名词后加s，故空格处应填giiTs，意为女孩的。应选C项。16、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：几天前，这个幸运的人在一系列事故中死里逃生。A. escape逃离；B. claim声称； Clack缺乏；D. limit限制。根据lucky man,此处描述男人是幸运的，所以是男人逃离了事故，A项符合句意, 应选A项。17、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们看到一群麻雀，爸爸说它们广泛分布在全国各地。A. distribution分布，分发;possession 拥有，持有；C. profession 职业；D. platform 平台。
7、结合空后的“throughout the country可知，此 处指它们分布在全国各地。应选A项。18、答案：B解析：考杳名词词义辨析。句意：她尽量不偏袒她照顾的孩子。A.qualification资格；B.preference偏爱；C.expectation期盼；D.blame责备。根据句意，此处表示对于她照顾的孩子她没有显示出偏爱。选项B符合题 意，应选Bo19、答案：A10解析: 考查名词和动词短语辨析。句意：一些骑自行车的人认为交通法规不适用于他们。但事实并非如此。A.assumption 认为；apply to 适用；B. thought 想法;apply to 适用;C. ass
8、uming 认为（动名词）；apply for 申 请；D.idea想法;apply for申请。根据句意，第一空应填名词assumption认为作宾语,that引导的同位语从 句对其进行解释说明；第二空，表示适用为固定短语apply to。应选A。20、答案:B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：透过灵魂之窗的眼睛，我只能通过指尖看到一张脸的轮廓。Acriticism批评；B. outline轮廓；C.gentleness温柔;D. pace节奏。分析句意可知，此空意为“轮廓，名词outline意为轮廓， see为及物动词，后接名词outline作宾语。应选B项。21、答案：C解析：考查名词的数。
9、句意:今天被邀请到这里来是极大的荣幸。分析句子结构可知，这是固定句型ltis/was+名词/ 形容词+动词不定式，it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式to be invited here,抽象名词honour意为荣幸， 表示具体的事物时候，是可数名词，前面可以用a/an修饰，根据great首字母是辅音音素，因此，应该用a 修饰，即a great honour。应选C项。22、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:河北雄安新区扩建后将占地约200平方公里。A. expectation期待；B.expansion扩 大，扩建；C. exception 例夕卜；D. exhibition 展览。根据上
10、文“cover around 200 square kilometres afte门ts可知， 表示扩建后将占地约200平方公里，应用expansion。应选B。23、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的第一个冲动是直接去找亨利把我的消息告诉他，但经过深思熟虑，我改变了11 主意。A. impulse 冲动；B. bait 诱饵；C. bounce 弹跳；D. distinction 差异。根据句意和句中but on reflection I thought better of it可知，我之前的决定未经过深思熟虑，是冲动的做法，impulse意为冲动。应选A项。24、答案：D解析：考查
11、名词词义辨析。句意：他们制造运载工具，把勇敢的人送入太空，探索宇宙的秘密。A. transport运输；B. vehicle车辆，运载工具;C. transportation运输工具。根据to carry brave people into space可知,他们制造运 载工具将人送入太空。名词vehicle为可数名词，前无冠词，所以用复数形式。应选D。25、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：当发动机发动不起来时，技工检查了所有的部件以找出毛病所在。A. wrong坏事; B. trouble麻烦；C.fault故障；D. difficulty困难。由语意可知，发动机无法起动时，必定是机器出
12、故障了。固 定短语at fault译为：出毛病，出故障。应选C。26、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们普遍认为一本好词典应该定期增加新内容。A. gaps隔阂，代沟；B.length长 度；C. intervals间隔,间歇;D.distance距离。结合句意表达“定期用at regula门ntervals。应选C。27、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可以想拿多少就拿多少，因为他们是免费的。A. charge费用；B.fare车费；C. money钱；D. pay薪水，工资。根据上文“because they are free of表示“免费短语为free of charg
13、e,应选A。28、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人都必须听从他的建议，我们的王校长也不例外。A. exception例外；B.expectation 期待；C. experience 经验；D. expression 表达。根据上文Everyone must follow his advice”可知,王12校长也不例外。应选A。29、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你必须仔细阅读药瓶上的说明，然后服用正确的剂量。A. explanations解释；B. introductions 介绍；C. constrictions 压缩；D. instructions 说明。根据句中“t
14、ake the right amount of medicine可 推知，要读的是用药说明，instructions常用复数形式，表示说明，说明书，符合句意。应选D项。30、答案：D解析：考查名词与介词的搭配。句意：有时候，强烈渴望得到别人的关注可能说明你缺乏自信。A.passion for对 的强烈爱好，adjustment to 对的调整；B.devotion to 致力于，compassion in 对的同情；C. fascinationwith对的迷恋，approach to做的方法；D.desirefor对的强烈渴望，lack of缺乏。根据语境和常识， 只有D项逻辑关系通顺，即：渴
15、望被别人关注是一个人缺乏自信的表现，应选D。31、答案：C解析：考查固定搭配。句意：你的车使用不到一年，所以仍在保修期内。A. boundary边界；B. tailor裁剪；C. guarantee保证；担保；D. arrangement安排。分析句子并结合句意可知，此处为固定搭配under guarantee, 意为在保修期内。应选C。32、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管人们对吃什么的态度有很大的不同，但毫无疑问，西方人认为中国菜很特别。A.attitude态度；B. means方法；C.point观点；D. sight视野，视力。短语attitude towards表示对的态度
16、”符合句意。应选A项。33、答案：A解析:13 考查名词词义辨析。句意：让他失望的是，每天都在下雨，毁掉了这次旅行。A. disappointment失望；B.delight喜悦；C. amazement惊讶;D. satisfaction满意。由句意推断,句中描述的事实是令人失望的,应使用 to ones disappointment表示“令人失望的是。应选A。34、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个部门的总经理承当了这次事故的责任，尽管这并不是他的错。Aguilt内疚；B.response 答复；C. blame 责任；D. conservation 节约。根据下文“althoug
17、h it was not really his fault.”可知,这 个部门的总经理承当了这次事故的责任。take the blame for承当的责任。应选C项。小提示：35、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一莎拉，尽你所能做到最好。一一好的，我会的。A. ability能力；B. habit习惯；C.power权力；D. attention注意力。根据句意可知，句中指在你的“能力范围内，尽力把一切做到最好。“ability意为“能力,名词词性,符合句意。应选A项。36、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：哈利波特的作者JK罗琳在写作中经历了许多困难。A.car汽车；B.hint
18、暗示;C poster海报;D. author作者。根据句意和常识可知,JK Rowling是哈利波特的作者,用名词author, 意为作者。应选D项。37、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈是中学老师。她历史教得非常好。A. driver司机；B.dancer舞蹈演员；C.teacher教师；D.writer作家。根据句中She teaches history very well”可知,我妈妈历史教得非常好,因此她是一名教师。应选C项。1438、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着新型冠状病毒在哈尔滨再次爆发，市民们正勇敢地接受核酸检测。A.elements 要素;B. se
19、ason 季节；C. factors 因素;D. climate 气候。根据后文“to get nucleic acid tests”表示勇敢 做某事应用 brave the elements to。应选 A。39、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我给他写了一封信，对他的体贴关怀表示感谢。A. achievement成就；B.agreement同意;C.attention注意力；D.appreciation感谢。结合句意可知，此处是表达对别人体贴的感激, 用appreciation符合题意。应选D。40、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一安静点，儿子！我在工作时需要绝对的沉默。一
20、一对不起，爸爸。我不会再发 出声响了。A. silence寂静，沉默；B. trust信任；C. control控制；D. strength力量。由语境中父亲要求安静和 儿子做的回答不难推断，父亲想要安静的工作环境。应选A。41、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析和短语。句意：这个工程目标是给农村人提供使用平安饮水的机会。A.access接触； B.passage通道；C.way方式；D.approach方法。根据access to （使用.的机会）可知空格处填access。应选 Ao42、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在辩论中，两个或两个以上的发言者表达两种或两种以上相反的观点。A.ch
21、allenge 挑战；B. schedule 计戈U表；C. opportunity 机会；D. debate 辩论。根据后文“two or more speakers15 express two or more opposing views提出两个或两个以上的发言者表达两种或两种以上相反的观点，可知是在辩论中。应选D。43、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一你能告诉我幸福长寿的秘诀吗？一一充实地过好每一天。A. recipe方法，秘诀;record 记录；C. range 范围，界限；D. receipt 收据。根据语境和后文“for happiness and a long lif
22、e及“Living every day to the full, definitely可知,此处指“秘诀。应选 A 项。44、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你出去整晚之前应该征得你父母的许可。A. permission许可；B. excitement激动；admission 成认；D. encouragement 鼓励。根据空后“before you go out for a whole night.”可知，因为要外出 待一整晚，所以空处需用名词permission,表示获得父母的许可。应选A。45、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：爱丽丝被邀请在许多著名的科学家面前演讲深感荣幸。
23、A. function功能；B.request 请求；C. process 过程；D. honour 荣幸。 根据be invited to speak in front of many famous scientists可矢口， 对爱丽丝而言，这是莫大的荣幸。应选D。46、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着智能手机的普及，人们逐渐失去了看电视的兴趣，这使得电视成为了家里的 一种装饰。A. analysis分析；B.appetite兴趣,欲望;C.incident事件；D.appreciation欣赏。根据which makes TV a decoration of the house
24、可知，人们逐渐失去了看电视的兴趣，appetite符合题意。应选B。47、答案：C解析:16 考查名词的数。句意：一一我已经决定参加大学入学考试了。一一祝你好运。success表示成功时，为抽象概 念和luck （运气）均为不可数名词，前面不能用不定冠词，故排除A、B和D选项。wish you luck祝你好运。故 选C。48、答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们等待他们给我们移动的信号。A. symbol象征；B. signal信号；C.sign标志；D. mark记号。根据句意可知，句中指给我们移动的信号，signal意为信号，名词词性，符合语境。应选B项。49、答案：A解析：考查名
25、词词义辨析。句意：如果温度低于。摄氏度，水在户外就会结冰。A. ice冰；B. steam蒸气；C.fog雾; D. rain雨。根据常识可知，在户外，气温低于。度，水就会结冰。应选A。50、答案：A解析：考查固定短语和时态。句意：当老师在批改我的试卷时，我希望她会把我考前生病了这个事实考虑在内。account账户，解释,表达；count计算，总数。take sth into account考虑到，顾及，是固定短语；根据my teacher will take into使用的一般将来时可知，when引导的时间状语从句应用一般现在时，应选A项。51、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：力图帮助
26、环境，在我们镇上不允许使用塑料袋。A. attempt试图；B. stuff材料；C. depth深度；D. disaster灾难。根据前后文的意思可知用in an attempt表示力图、试图符合句意。应选A项。52、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到孩子们在公园里玩耍的快乐场景，我对我们旅行社的未来充满了喜悦和信心。A.sight 景象；B.view 看法；C.scenery 风景；D. scene 场景。根据句意分析，children playing in the park 表“孩17子们在公园里玩耍，是一个动态情况，用scene符合语意。应选D项。53、答案：B解析：考查名词和
27、形容词词义辨析。句意：努力在工作和休闲之间保持平衡。A.health健康；B.balance平衡；C.fit健康的；D.balanced平衡的。a后跟名词作宾语，由between work and relaxation可知，句子说努力在工作和休闲之间保持平衡，因此空格处是“平衡,即balance, keep a balance between.and是固定短语,意为在和之间保持平衡，应选B。54、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:许多人把人类和其他动物区分得很清楚。A. balance平衡；B.examination检查；C. distinction区分；D. conclusion结论。根
28、据后文between humans and other animals”指区分人类和其它动物，应 用 distinctiono 应选 Co55、答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：琳达高中毕业后想要出国深造，但是她需要征求父母的许可。A.movement运动；B.professionC.destination 目的地；D.permission 准许。结合句意可知,permission准许符合题意,故选择D项。18A. trunkB. favourC. conceptD. counter 12、After a careful survey, the hurricane of the house
29、, which was not that severe, compared withneighboring ones, was assessed at a reasonable 1000 dollars.A. effectsB. damageC. ruinsD. crashIts not necessary to buy any special. Just a pair of good running shoes will do.A. entertainmentB. announcementC. equipmentD. disappointment14、There is an obvious
30、between the cultures of the West and East.A. contentB. contrastC. contractD. contactThere is a nice picture in the little bedroom. She likes it very much.A. girlB. girlsC. girlsD. girls16、The lucky man had a narrow in series of accidents the other day.A. escapeB. claimC. lackD. limit17 We saw a floc
31、k of sparrows and Dad said that they had a wide throughout the country.A. distributionB. possessionC. professionD. platform18、She tried not to show in her treatment of the children in her care.A. qualificationB. preferenceC. expectationD. blame19 Some cyclists make the that traffic laws do not them.
32、 It is not true, though.A. assumption; apply toB. thought; apply toC. assuming; apply forD. idea; apply for20、Through that window of the soul”, the eye, I can only see through my fingertips the of a face.A. criticismB. outlineC. gentlenessD. paceIt was to be invited here today.A. great honourB. hono
33、uringC. a great honourD. honoured222 Xiongan New Area(XNA) in Hebei Province will cover around 200 square kilometres after its.A. expectations. expansionC. exceptionD. exhibitionMy first was to go straight to Henry and tell him my news, but on reflection I thought better of it.A. impulseB. baitC. bo
34、unceD. distinction24 They make to carry brave people into space to find out the secrets of the universe.A. transports. vehicleC. transportationD. vehicles25 When the engine would not start, the mechanic inspected all the parts to find what was at.A. wrongB. troubleC. faultD. difficultyIt is generall
35、y agreed that new contents should be added to a good dictionary at regular.A. gapsB. lengthC. intervalsD. distance27、You can take as many as you like because they are free of.A. chargeB. fareC. moneyD. payEveryone must follow his advice and Mr. Wang, our headmaster, was no.A. exceptions. expectation
36、C. experienceD. expressionYou must read the on the bottle and take the right amount of medicine.A. explanationsB. introductionsC. constrictionsD. instructionsSometimes a strong others attention might indicate a (n)self-confidence.A. passion for, adjustment todevotion to; compassion inB. fascination
37、with; approach todesire for; lack of28、 Your car is less than a year old, so it is still under.A. boundaryB. tailorC. guaranteeD. arrangementDespite such a big difference in towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the west regardthe Chinese food as something special.A. attitudeB. mea
38、nsC. pointD. sightTo his, it rained every day and ruined the trip.A. disappointmentB. delightC. amazementD. satisfaction34、The managing director of this department took the for the accident, although it was not really hisfault.A. guiltB. responseC. blameD. conservationSara, try to do everything to t
39、he best within your.-OK, I will.A. abilityB. habitC. powerD. attentionJ.K. Rowling, the of Harry Potter, has gone through many difficulties in her writing.A. carB. hintC. posterD. authorMy mother is in a middle school. She teaches history very well.A. driverB. dancerC. teacherD. writerCitizens are b
40、raving the to get nucleic acid tests as COVID-19 outbreak has reoccurred in Harbin.A. elementsB. seasonC. factorsD. climateI wrote him a letter to show my of his thoughtfulness.A. achievementB. agreementC. attentionD. appreciation40、Keep quiet, son! I need complete when Im working.Sorry, Dad. I won*
41、t make any noise again.A. silenceB. trustC. controlD. strength41、The program is aimed to give the people in the countryside to safe drinking water.A. accessB. passageC. wayD. approachIn a, two or more speakers express two or more opposing views.A. challengeB. scheduleC. opportunityD. debate43、Can yo
42、u tell me your for happiness and a long life? Living every day to the full, definitely.A. recipeB. recordC. rangeD. receipt44、You should have asked for your parentsbefore you go out for a whole night.A. permissionB. excitementC. admissionD. encouragementIt was a great for Alice to be invited to spea
43、k in front of many famous scientists.A. functionB. requestC. processD. honour46 With the popularity of smart phones, people gradually lose the for watching television, which makes TVa decoration of the house.A. analysisB. appetiteC. incidentD. appreciation47、 I have decided to take the entrance exam
44、inations to college.Wish you.A. a luckB. a good luckC. luckD. a successWe waited for them to give us the to move.A. symbolB. signalC. signD. mark49、If the temperature is below 0 C, water will turn into in the open air.A. iceB. steamC. fogD. rain50、I hope my teacher will take into the fact that I was
45、 ill just before the exams when she my paper.A. account; marksB. count; marksC. account; markedD. count; marked 51 Plastic bags are not allowed in our town in a(n)to help the environment.A. attemptB. stuffC. depthD. disaster52、Seeing the happy of children playing in the park, Km full of joy and conf
46、idence in the future of our travelagency.A. sightB. viewC. sceneryD. sceneTry to keep a between work and relaxation.A. healthB. balanceC. fitD. balanced54、Many people make a sharp between humans and other animals.A. balanceB. examinationC. distinctionD. conclusion55 Linda wants to go abroad for furt
47、her study after graduating from high school, but she needs to ask for her parents.A. movements. professionC. destinationD. permission高中英语高考英语名词常考必考知识点带答案参考答案1、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：不知道未来会发生什么并不是什么都不做的理由。A.argument理由；B.resource 资源；C. performance表演；D.authority当权者。根据for doing nothing. 可知,不知道未来会发生什么并不 是什么都
48、不做的理由。应选A项。小提示：2、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在伦敦之行中，给我留下最深刻印象的是多年前修建的圣保罗大教堂。A.impression 印象；B. panic 恐慌；C. resource 资源；D. impact 影响。根据句中“the trip to London和St. Pauls Cathedral可知，句中陈述的是圣保罗大教堂是伦敦之行中，给我留下最深刻印象的景点，impression意为 “印象，名词词性，符合句意。应选A项。3、答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了对抗全球变暖，科学家们正在研究减少燃料消耗的节能措施。A. consumption 消耗；B. collection 收藏品；C. commitment 承诺；D. distribution 分配。根据上文“To fight against global