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1、平行四边形面积教学设计教学内容：北师大版小学数学五年级上册第2324 页的内容。教学目标：1.通过操作活动，经历推到平行四边形的面积计算公式的过程，能正确地计算平行四边形的面积。2.通过操作、观察、比较，发展学生的空间观念，渗透转化的思想方法，培养学生的分析、综合、抽象、概括和解决实际问题的能力。3.让学生自我展示、自我激励，体验成功，在不断尝试中激发求知欲，陶冶情操并培养学生探索精神和合作精神。教学重点：使学生经过探索，理解和掌握平行四边形的面积计算公式，会计算平行四边形的面积。教学难点：通过学生动手操作，用割补的方法把一个平行四边形转化为一个长方形，找出两个图形间的联系。教学资源：课件、剪
2、刀、平行四边形纸片、七巧板、三角尺一、谈话导入，渗透“转化”思想师：同学们看过“变形金刚”吗？其实啊，在我们数学世界也有一个变形金刚，你们知道是什么吗？那就是这个很简单的七巧板，它能变出好多种漂亮的图案，请看大屏幕！1.出示七巧板拼成的图案，这些图案是老师用这样一个七巧板拼成的，请同学们认真观察，你能提出哪些数学问题？如果老师让你计算这些图形的面积，你会吗？怎么算？同桌讨论交流，交流完的请用你的坐姿告诉老师。生：因为它们都是用这个七巧板拼成的是，所以它们的面积就是这个七巧板的面积（设计意图：让学生初步感知形状改变面积不变的道理）师：敢不敢再接受一个挑战呢？请看屏幕：这个图形的面积你知道是多少吗
3、？2.出示一不规则图形，让学生说说怎样求这个图形的面积？（1）学生独立思考。（2）学生讲方法并上台边移动边讲（课件动画）（3）思考;你为什么把它拼成长方形？刚才那个转化的过程什么变了什么没变？（4）小结：师：同学们真了不起，其实你们刚才在做这两道题的过程中已经用到了一种很好的数学方法，那就是转化的方法。师：你觉得转化这种方法的优点是什么？师：可见转化是一个功夫非常高深的不见踪影的高人，在背后默默的帮助着我们。那么你能利用转化的方法求老师手中的这个平行四边形的面积吗？二、动手操作，得出结论。1.提出要求：小组分工合作，利用三角尺、剪刀，动手剪一剪、拼一拼，把平行四边形想办法转变成一个我们学过的图
4、形。（1）学生独立完成。（2）同桌交流自己的方法。（3）学生展示，平行四边形变成长方形的方法。思考：任意画一条线剪开可以吗？为什么要沿高剪开呢？2.教师利用课件演示把平行四边形变成长方形过程。思考：是不是沿所有的高剪开都可以拼成长方形呢？小结：沿平行四边形的所有高剪开都可以。文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8
5、B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H
6、7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T1
7、0F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2
8、Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I
9、9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3
10、T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3
11、E2Y8B4师：其实除了沿高剪开能拼成长方形，还有这样的拼法，大家看看。3.观察并思考：平行四边形和原来的长方形之间存在怎样的关系？形状变了，面积没变。也就是平行四边形的面积等于长方形的面积。（板书：长面积等于平面积）拼成的长方形，长相当于原来平行四边形的底，宽相当于原来平行四边形的高相等。教师实物演示。（请一生说自己的方法教师操作）用红色标出平行四边形的底，用蓝色标出所要剪开的高。4.总结计算方法：因为长方形的面积等于长乘宽，所以平行四边形的面积等于底乘高。板书。观察面积公式，要求平行四边形的面积必须知道哪两个条件？（平行四边形的底和它所对应的高）5.独立学习关于平行四边形面积公式的字母表示
12、方法，汇报自己的收获。教师板书师：用字母表示的简单写法。S=ah=a.h=ah 7.小结：推导平行四边形的面积公式的过程？A：学生独立回顾B：小结：我们利用转化的方法把平行四边形转化成长方形，拼成的长方形，长与原来平行四边形的底相等，宽与原来平行四边形的高相等。利用长方形面积计算公式得出了平行四边的面积等于底乘高。师：三、练习巩固：基础练习1、试一试第一小题提高练习：1、练一练第二小题：等积变形文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR
13、9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL
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17、ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档
18、编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U
19、2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B42、解决问题，知道两个底一个高：强调：底和高要对应拓展练习：知道面积求底。公园准备在一块面积为12 平方米的平行四边形空地上铺草坪，已知这块地的高为3 米，它的底是多少米？文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T10F8T2 ZL2Q3E2Y8B4文档编码:CZ4I9H7P3U2 HR9D3T1
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