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1、人教版（新目标）初中八下Unit 7 Would you mind turning down the music知识整理重要词汇解析1 mind 介意【例句】Would you mind closing the window?关上窗户你介意吗?【聚焦】1)用于Do(或Would)you mind.?的句型,表示客气地提出请求。2)回答带有mind 的问句时要注意yes 或no 都是针对mind(介意、在乎)选用的。表示“介意”“在乎”时用Yes；表示“不介意”“不在乎”,选用No。2.task 任务【例句】Her task was to wash and cook.她被派的工作是清洗和做饭。【
2、聚焦】task, duty和 job都有“工作”或“任务”的意思,注意区分task, duty 和job的不同:task表示他人所摊派、分配、布置或强加的工作,一般意为“任务；工作”。词义延伸之后,task也指自己的业务或生活境况或信仰所赋予的“任务”。duty在表示“工作,活儿”时,总会有“义务”或“份内的事”的意思。job在表示“工作；活儿”时既不包含强加的意思,也不表示对谁承担“义务”,而表示“自己所从事的业务、职业或行业方面的工作”。3.waitress 女服务员 【例句】The waitress brought us a menu.女服务员给我们送来了菜单。【聚焦】（r）ess通常是
3、表示女性的后缀。如:hostess 女主人；actress女演员4.annoy 恼人【例句】Dont annoy your neighbors by singing loudly at night.夜晚不要大声唱歌,以免影响邻居。【聚焦】1)同义词:anger, bother2)annoyed adj.常用结构有:be annoyed at(by).（某人）因（某事）而生气；be annoyed with+（某人）对（某人）生气3)派生词:annoying adj.使人烦恼的；恼人的；讨厌的5.polite 有礼貌的 【例句】Be polite to others.对人要有礼貌。【聚焦】1）反
4、义词:impolite adj.没礼貌的表示对某人有礼貌用polite to,不能用with。（rude to 对某人无理,kind/nice to对好)2)派生词:politely adv.有礼貌地6.perhaps 也许【例句】Perhaps it will rain in the afternoon.下午或许会下雨。【聚焦】perhaps, maybe与probably的区别：1)perhaps“或许”,其含义和用法与maybe一样,多用于口语。maybe多用于美国英语。No man is born wise or learned.没有生而知之者。2)probably“很有可能；十之八九
5、”,其语意较强,可能性较大。在否定句中,probably不能紧跟在否定词之后。3)maybe意为“或许”“大概”，是副词,为美国英语,主要用于非正式场合,口语中常用。注意:1)may be是情态动词may+be,常用作谓语动词,有“可能是”的意思,要注意与maybe的区别。如:You may be right.=Maybe you are right.你可能是对的。2)在这几个单词中,语意最强的是probably,其次是perhaps和maybe。重点句型汇总turn down/turn up 关小声/调大声音（电器）turn on/ turn off 打开/关闭（电器）be late for
6、 school/class=arrive late for school 上学/上课迟到wait in line=stand in line 排队等候cut in line=jump a queue 插队get mad/annoyed 变得生气 happen to sb 发生在身上 allow sb. to do /not to do sth. 允许某人做/不做某事be allowed to do /not to do sth. 某人不被允许某人做/不做某事put out 熄灭drop litter 扔垃圾 keep the voice down 控制声音交际用语 Would you mind
7、 cleaning the yard? 你介意打扫院子吗?Not at all. Ill do it right away. 一点也不. 我马上就扫.Would you mind not playing baseball here. 你介意不要在这打棒球吗?Would you mind giving me a smaller one? 你介意再给我一个小的吗？Sorry, well go and play in the park. 对不起，我们到公园去打.Could you (please) make dinner? 请做晚饭好吗?Thats no problem 没问题.Could you
8、(please) not feed the dog?=Would you mind not feeding the dog?= Would you (please) not feed the dog?=Please dont feed the dog, will you?请不要喂狗好吗? 常见动名词、分词的习惯用法总结使用-ing分词的几种情况I.在进行时态中。如：1.He is watching TV in the room. 2.They were dancing at nine oclock last night.II.在there be结构中。如：There is a boy swim
9、ming in the river.III.在have fun/problems结构中。如：We have fun learning English this term.They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.IV.在介词后面。如：Thanks for helping me.Are you good at playing basketball？What /How about doing sth? 做某事怎么样?I am interested in playing football.V.在以下结构中enjoy doing sth
10、喜欢做某事；finish doing sth； 完成做某事；feel like doing sth 想要做某事；stop doing sth 停止做某事（原来的事）forget doing sth 忘记做过某事；go on doing sth 继续做某事（原来的事）；remember doing sth 记得做过某事；like doing sth 喜欢做某事；find /see/hear/watch sb doing发现/看到/听到/观看某人做 try doing sth 试图做某事；need doing sth 需要做某事；prefer doing sth 宁愿做某事；mind doing
11、sth 介意做某事；miss doing sth 错过做某事；practice doing sth 练习做某事；be busy doing sth 忙于做某事；cant help doing sth 禁不住做某事waste time/money doing 浪费时间/金钱做;keep sb.doing 让始终/一直做重要语法 (1) Would you mind +动名词的用法(2) 情态动词could表示请求【课文讲解】1. Would you mind + doing sth.?你不介意做吧？例如：Would you mind opening the window?你不介意打开窗户吧？Wo
12、uld you mind turning on the TV?你不介意打开电视吧？（2）turn down关小，调低turn up开大，调高。例如：Will you please turn down the radio? Its too noisy in the room.请问你能把收音机调低一些吗？屋子里太吵了。2. Would you mind getting out of the bathroom?你可以从浴室里出来吗？get out of从出来。例如：She tried to get out of the dark forest.她尽力走出了那片黑森林。The police got t
13、he truth out of her.警察迫使她说出了真相。注：get out of还有下列意思：避免，摆脱；放弃；使说出；获得，得到；退休3. Would you mind not wearing those old jeans?你可以不穿那条旧牛仔裤吗？jeans牛仔裤。例如：I like jeans very much，so I bought myself many.我很喜欢牛仔裤，因此给自己买了许多条。注：wear v.“穿着，戴着”，强调状态；in prep.“穿着，戴着”，强调状态；put on“穿上，戴上”，强调动作。4. Your father is at a meeting
14、 and Im going shopping.你爸爸在开会，我要去购物。at a meeting在开会。例如：Many people are at a meeting in the auditorium.很多人在礼堂里开会。5. Could you please do the cooking?请问你能做饭吗？Could you please+动词原形？表示一种有礼貌的请求。我们也可以说： 你能吗？例如：Could you please tidy the room?你能把房间整理一下吗？Will you please call back after 5:00?你能在5:00以后再打过来吗？6.
15、Its the school open day. Make a list of things students need to do. Decide who should do these things，then go around the class and ask them.今天是学校开放日。列一张学生需要做的事情的清单，决定谁应该做这些事情，然后在教室里找到他们，向他们提出问题。school open day学校开放日。例如：Every Tuesday its our school open day. On that day students parents can go to our
16、class to observe our class.每个星期二是我们的学校开放日，在那天学生家长们可以来我们班里听课。7. Could you make some posters?你能做一些海报吗？Sure，thats no problem.当然，没问题。make posters制作海报。例如：We need to make more posters about our concert.我们需要为我们的音乐会制作更多的海报。8. Your barber gave you a terrible haircut.你的理发师给你理的头发很难看。barber理发师。例如：The new barber
17、 can give you a wonderful new look.那个新来的理发师能给你设计一个完美的新形象。store clerk售货员waitress女侍者waiter男侍者9. annoy 和bother两者都含有“使恼怒”或“使烦恼”的意思。（1）annoy指由于干扰、不顺利或受不了某种外界情况等而“使烦恼，懊恼”。例如：I was annoyed by his bad manners.他的无礼使我恼怒。（2）bother指不停地“扰乱，麻烦”，使人不能安宁，而产生烦恼的心理。例如：Pardon me for bothering you with such a small matt
18、er.请原谅我为这点小事麻烦你。10. I dont like waiting in line when a shop assistant has a long telephone conversation.当售货员打起电话没完的时候，我不愿排队等候。wait in line排队等候。例如：We should wait in line when we are waiting for a bus.等公共汽车时我们应该排队等候。Theyre waiting in line to buy tickets for the new movie.他们在排队等候买看新影片的票。【语法详解】1、Would y
19、ou mind + doing ?你介意吗？请你可以吗？Eg.: Would you mind moving your bike?Not at all. 不介意Ill do it right away.right away = at once = in a minuteWould you mind cleaning your room?I am sorry. Ill clean it in a minute. (OK, Ill do it right away.) Would you mind doing something for me?Not at all, sir. What would
20、 you want me to do?2、在Would you mind + doing句型中，需注意：doing为动名词。动名词既具有动词的某些特征，也具有名词的某些特点。动名词由“动词原形 + ing”构成。在某些动词之后只能接动名词，而某些动词后面只能接动词的不定式。后面常接动名词的词有：mind, finish, enjoy, eg.:He enjoys walking in the park.I finished reading the book yesterday.Would you mind opening the window?动名词的否定式由“not + 动名词”构成Woul
21、d you mind not doing?请不要好吗？Eg.:Would you mind not wearing the old jeans?OK, Ill put on another pair.Would you mind not playing the football here?Im sorry.3、would的常用句型：would作为情态动词，主要用于第二人称的疑问句中，表示询问对方的意愿或者想对方提出请求，时间指现在或者将来。Would的语气要比will更加婉转和客气。常用的句型除“Would you mind doing？”之外，还有：Would you please?请可以吗
22、？Would you like?需要吗？Would you like to?你愿意吗？Eg.:Would you please do me a favor?Sure.Would you like a cup of coffee?Yes, please./No, thanks.Would you like to join us?I would like to.Would you mind closing the door?你介意把门No, not at all.在提出请求或发出邀请时，除了上述would表示的句型之外，还可以说：Could you please do something?请你做某
23、事可以吗？Eg.:Could you please help me with my housework?Sure./Certainly.Im afraid not.这一句型的否定式是：Could you please not do something?请你不要做某事好吗？Eg.:Could you please not sing in the classroom?4、could表示礼貌请求的用法：could是can的过去式，但在语气上要更加委婉、更加客气。正式的场合下，为了表示礼貌，常说“Could I please?”“我可以吗？”eg.:Could I have a talk with M
24、r. Smith, please?Could I take the seat?Certainly.Im afraid not.而比较随便的口语化的说法是：Can/May I, please?Eg.:Can I open it now?Sure./No, you cant.表示“请求”或“询问”的句型小结：Would you mind doing something?Could you please do something?Would you please do something?上述句型都表示“请你做某事可以吗？”；还有“请你不要做某事可以吗？”,包括：Would you mind not
25、 doing something?Could you please not do something?表示“礼貌”询问句型：Would you like something?Would you like to do something?Could I, please?Can/May I, please?4、关于不愉快、生气的说法：unpleasant；annoying；complain；get annoyed；get mad；I cant stand it!【中考连线】1) -Her radio is too loud,isnt it?-Yes.Let me tell her to_.A. t
26、urn it up B. turn up it C. turn it down D. turn down it【解题】选C.由上句可知“她的收音机声音太高了”，所以应该告诉她把音量调低点，用turn down:人称代词it 应该放在动词turn 与副词down之间，故选C 。2) Would you mind my_ here?A. to sit B. siting C. sitting D. sat【解题】选C. mind 作动词用，其后的动词用ing 形式。Sit为重读闭音节，其现在分词应双写辅音字母t，再加-ing。3) You need _(help)him carry the box
27、.He needs your_(help).【解题】此题考察help（帮助）的用法，它既可以做动词，又可以做不可数名词，故答案为to help; help。4) Could you please tell me_?-Go upstairs and turn left.A. what is the teachers office B. what the teachers office isC. where is the teachers office D. where the teachers office is【解析】由回答为“地点”表句应使用引导词“where”，且宾语从句语序用陈述语序。故
28、本题选D。同步测试题一. 单项选择1. May I help you? You have lots of things to carry. Would you mind _ for me?A. carrying these books B. carry these booksC. to carry these books D. will carry these books2. Will you come to the net bars(网吧)with me？ SorryMy mother always tells me _ thereAnot go Bgo Cnot to go Dto go
29、3. The old man wondered _.Awhether the American pilot had seen UFOBwhether had the American pilot seen UFOChow had the American pilot seen UFODthat the American pilot had seen UFO4. _ he left here?A. Do you think when B. When do you thinkC. Do you think how long D. How long do you think5. We are goi
30、ng to have a picnic tomorrow. Whats the weather like，Mike? Why not _ the radio and listen to the weather report?Aturn on Bturn off Ctake away Dfind out6. Do you mind if I sit here? _. Its for Mr. Brown.A. Not at all B. Never mind C. Better not D. Of course not7. Can you write a letter in English? No
31、，I _. Amay not Bmustnt Ccant Dneednt8.“Help _ to some meat，Mary，”my aunt said to me.Athemselves Bourselves Cyourself Dhimself9. He asked _ they needed some more tea. Athat Bwhat Cwhether Dwhich10. Wei Fang is young，but she plays ping-pong _ her mother. Aas good as Bas well as Cas better as Das best
32、as11. Could you _，please? Its too loud. Aturn down the radio Bturn on the radioCturn on the TV Dturn it on二. 选择正确的词组，用其正确形式填空 put on annoy put out not at all behave1. Please _ the light before you go to bed.2. The boy _ very well last night.3. I was _ by his bad manners.4. Thank you very much _.5. I
33、t is quite cold here. Youd better _ your coat. 三. 完型填空Miss Richards was a teacher at a school for boys and girls. She 1 chemistry and physics from the lowest to the highest classes in the 2. Sometimes the new classes 3 rapidly，but sometimes they were very 4 ，and then Miss Richards had to 5 things ma
34、ny times.One year，the first class had been studying chemistry for several 6 when Miss Richards suddenly asked，“What is water? Who knows? 7 up?”There was silence (沉默) for a few seconds，and miss Richards felt saddened(难过)，but then one boy 8 his hand.“Yes，Dick?”said Miss Richards encouragingly(鼓励地). He
35、 was not one of the brightest children in the class，so she was 9 that he could answer.“Water is a liquid which has no 10 until you wash your hands in it，Miss. Then it turns black，”the boy replied with great confidence(信心).1. Ateaches Bteaching Ctaught Dteach 2. Aschooling Bschool Cschools Dhome 3. A
36、learned Blearning Chad been learned Dwere learned 4. Aslow Bbeing slow Cslowly Dslowest 5. Arepeated Brepeating Cdo Drepeat 6. Ayears Bminutes Cweeks Dseconds 7. APut BHands CGet DLook 8. Alows Bride Craised Dput 9. Asad Bglad Cangry Dhungry 10. Acolour Bcolourful Ccolourless Dwith colour四. 阅读理解We s
37、pent a day in the country and picked a lot of flowers. Our car was full of flowers inside! On the way home we had to stop at traffic lights，and there my wife saw the bookshelf.It stood outside a furniture（家具）shop.“Buy it，”she said at once.“Well carry it home on the roof-rack（车顶架）. Ive always wanted
38、one like that.”What could I do? Ten minutes later I was twenty dollars poorer，and the bookshelf was tied on to the roof rack. It was tall and narrow，quite heavy too.As it was getting darker，I drove slowly. Other drivers seemed more polite than usual that evening. The police even stopped traffic to l
39、et us through. Carrying furniture was a good idea.After a time my wife said，“Theres a long line of cars behind. Why dont they overtake（超车）?”Just at that time a police car did overtake. The two officers（警官）inside looked at us seriously when they went past. But then， with a kind smile they asked us to
40、 follow their car through the busy traffic. The police car stopped at our village church（教堂）. One of the officers came to me.“Right，sir，”he said.“Do you need any more help now?”I didnt quite understand.“Thanks，officer，”I said.“Youve been very kind. I live just down the road.”He was looking at our th
41、ings: first at the flowers，then at the bookshelf.“Well，well，” he said and laughed. “Its a bookshelf youve got there! We thought it waser，something else.”My wife began to laugh. Suddenly I understood why the police drove here. I smiled at the officer. “Yes， its a bookshelf，but thanks again.” I drove
42、home as fast as I could.1From the story we know that _.Athe writer was poor and didnt buy the bookshelf for his wifeBthe writers wife didnt like the bookshelf at allCthe writer was always glad to buy something for his wifeDthe writer was not very glad to buy the bookshelf for his wife2What made the
43、writer think that carrying furniture was “a good idea”?AHe could drive slowly and it was safe.BOther drivers would let him go first.CHis wife could use a new bookshelf.DHe could save a lot of money and time.3Why were the police and other drivers so kind to the writer?ABecause they thought the writer
44、 liked studying very much and needed a bookshelf.BBecause they didnt think it was polite to overtake a car with a bookshelf on it.CBecause they thought somebody in the writers family had died and he needed help.DBecause they thought it was dangerous to carry a bookshelf on a car.4Why did the writers wife begin to laugh?