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1、人教版（新目标）初中八下Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement park知识整理重要词汇解析1record(1)record作名词，表示“记录”This is a record of school attendance. 这是一份学生考勤记录。He kept a record of what the speaker sail. 他把说话人所说的话都记录了下来。(2)record作名词还可表示“有关某人或某物过去的已知事实；档案记录”。He has an honorable record of service. 他有光荣的服务记录。(3)record作
2、动词，表示“写出以作参考、记录”。The tape recorder has recorded his voice 录音机已经录下了他的声音。Listen to the speaker carefully and record what he says. 仔细听讲，然后记下他所说的话。2. have been to表示“到(去)过某处”，现在已不在那个地方。He has been to England 他曾到过英国。(现在已经不在英国了)Have you ever been to the Great Wall？ 你到过长城吗?（现在已经不在长城上）have gone to表示“去了某处”，“到
3、某处去了”，现在已不在说话的地点了。He has gone to England。他已去英国了。(已经不在说话的地方，到达英国或在去英国的路上)3. time n. U 时间，时候 Time never stands still.时间不会停滞不前。 The time has come for us to speak out.是我们大胆讲话的时候了。 n. C 一段时间，时刻 You have taken a long time writing the letter.你用了很长时间写这封信。 We had a good time together.我们一起度过了愉快的时光。 n. (多用复数)时
4、代 He is one of the best actors in modern times.他是现代最好的演员之一。 In Shakespeares time there were no actresses on the English stage.莎士比亚时代英国舞台上没有女演员。 n. 次；倍 This is the first time that I have ever been abroad.这真是我第一次出国。 Your room is three times the size of mine.你的房间是我的三倍大。 注意： 作“倍，次”，必须用于“三次（倍）”以上，一、二次（倍）
5、用once，twice表示。 4. attract (1)用作及物动词，可直接跟名词或代词作宾语。The noise attracted his attention.喧嚷声引起了他的注意。(2)attract常用于be attracted to sb / sth结构，意为“喜爱某人或某物”。Im very attracted to her. 我非常喜欢她。5. discover(1)作“发现”讲时，作及物动词，后跟名词作宾语，指的是那些原来已存在的，但不为人知的物或事等They discovered him stealing public property.他们发现他盗窃公共财产。Who di
6、scovered the America?谁发现了美洲？(2)discover还可意为“知道事实，答案”I soon discovered the truth.不久我便知道了真相。6. onethe other 表示“(两者中的)一个另一个”，该短语是代词短语，强调两个当中的一个另一个。注意其基数必须是两个。I have two sister. One is a doctor, and the other is a teacher.我有两个姐姐，一个是医生，一个是老师。Hold it in this hand，not the other. 用这只手握着，不要用那只手。7. for exampl
7、e 表示“例如”，该短语常用在句中作插入语，用于举例说明情况，可放在句首、句中或句末，但常用逗号与正文隔开。常置于句首。We feed many animals，for example，cows，pigs，dogs，horses etc.我们喂养很多的动物，例如奶牛、猪、狗、马等等。For example，Jack Booth，a 21-year-old man，gave up his job in San Francisco Library a year ago. 例如，21岁的杰克布斯在一年前放弃了他在旧金山图书馆的工作。For example，I know the film star Z
8、hang Ziyi. 譬如，我认识电影明星章子怡。8. mean (1)mean作及物动词，意为“意思是，意味着”。What does this word mean?这个单词是什么意思？(2)mean意为“意思是”，还可跟that引导的宾语从句。The teacher meant that you must listen carefully in class. 老师的意思是你上课必须认真听讲。(3)mean还可意为“意味着”，后跟动名词作宾语。What he said means sending you to the hospital. 他说的话得意思着要送你去医院。(4)mean还可意为“打
9、算，意图”，后跟动词不定式作宾语。I dont mean to hurt you. 我并无意伤害你。What do you mean to do next? 你下一步打算做什么？9. own (1)own意为“自己的，特有的”，常与名词所有格连用，起加强语气的作用。Its nice if I can have my own room. 我要是能有自己的房间就好了。(2)own作代词，意为“属于某人之物”，相当于一个名词性物主代词。Those books belong to the library but this is my own. 那些书是图书馆的，但这本是我自己的。(3)own还可作动词
10、，表示“拥有，有”。We dont rent our house; we own it. 我们的房子不是租的，是我们自己的。(4)own作动词，还可表示“承认，自白”。He owned to have done it. 他承认曾经干过这件事。10. ask for 表示“要求，请求”。Bill did a lot for me without asking for any reward比尔为我做了许多事，没要任何报酬。Dont serve water at meals unless someone asks for it.除非有人要，就餐时不要端水上去。Ive asked for an int
11、erview with the manager.我已请求与经理见面。If you get into difficulties，dont hesitate to ask for advice. 如果你陷入困境，应立即去请求建议。If I had asked for direction，I wouldnt have lost my way. 我要问一问方向的话，就不会迷路了。11. population：人口（集合名词）population直接作主语时意为“人口数”，这时谓语动词要用单数。The population of the city is 60 million.“某地有多少人”的表示方法：
12、The population of + 某地 + is + 数词The population of China is about 1.4 billion.某地 + has a population of + 数词询问人口数：用what或how big/large中国的人口是多少？表示人口多用 big / large , 表示人口少用small。10 000 years ago, the worlds population was _. But now, its much _.人口增加用grow，人口减少用fall。重点句型汇总（1）Have you ever been to ? Yes, I
13、have. / Yes, I have ever been to No, I havent. / No, I have never been to （2）When did you go there? I went there last year. （3）I have never been to a water park. Neither have I. I have ever been to an amusement park. So have I. （4）How long have you been studying English? Ive been studying English si
14、nce nine oclock. Ive been studying English since I came back home. Ive been studying English for five hours. （5）Whats that? Its an amusement park in Japan. Ive never been to an amusement park like it before. Its fun to learn another language. Lets go tonight. Isnt this great?交际用语 1.- Have you ever b
15、een to an amusement park?- Yes, I have./ No, I havent. 2.- I have ever been to a zoo.- I have never been to a space museum.- So have I. = Me, too.- Neither have I .= Me neither.重要语法 （1）现在完成时【课文讲解】1Have you ever been to a water park?你曾去过水上公园吗？No，I havent.不，没去过。Me，neither.我也没去过。(1)have been to表示某人“去过某
16、地，现在已经回来了”，可用于各种人称。I have been to the Summer Palace.我去过颐和园。Have you ever been to Shanghai?你曾经去过上海吗？I have never been to the city.我从没去过那座城市。(2)副词ever意为“曾经，以前，无论何时”表示一个不确定的时间。主要用于否定句、疑问句、条件句、比较句等。Have you ever been to Paris?你曾去过巴黎吗?We hardly ever go out at night. 我们晚上很少出去。(3)本句中Me，neither. 是口语化的简略回答。一
17、般情况下用Neither have I，为“neither + 系/助/情态动词+主语”结构，neither在此意为“也不”，表示主语所做的动作与前面提到过的人或事相同，是为了避免语言重复，其中的系/助/情态动词在时态上与前一句保持一致，而在数上要与其后的主语一致。 I cant swim. 我不会游泳。 Neither can I. 我也不会。I dont want to go, neither will I.我不想去，也不会去。He didnt go to school. Neither did she.他没去上学，她也没去。(4)若在肯定句中表示“也”，则要用“so +系/助/情态动词”
18、。I am a student，so is my sister.我是学生，我妹妹也是学生。He can swim，so can I.他会游泳，我也会。I feel happy，so does he. 我高兴，他也高兴。2. All the houses look like houses in Holland. 所有的房子看起来像荷兰的房子。句子look是系动词，后跟介词短语作表语。look like表示“像，与相似”是一动词短语。He looks so much like his brother that people often mistake them for each other. 他和
19、他弟弟十分相像，人们常错认他们。These houses look exactly like each other，which makes the street look very dull. 这些房屋一模一样，使这条街显得单调乏味。3. Most of us have probably heard of Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck, and many other famous Disney characters. 我们大部分人可能都听说过米老鼠、唐老鸭还有其他许多有名的迪士尼人物。(1)hear of为动介结构，后面常接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，表示听到有关某事的消息
20、或情况。They have never heard of that.他们从未听说过那件事。hear of后一般不接从句，要接从句时，则不用of。例如：I heard our Chinese teacher was ill.我听说我们的语文教师病了。(2)probably表示“可能”，是一种推测。He will probably succeed.他很可能会成功。4. I want to study in an English-speaking country.我想到一个说英语的国家深造。(1)want to do sth 意为“想要做某事”。Did you want to tell me som
21、ething?你想告诉我些什么吗？(2)English-speaking是合成形容词，表示“说英语的”，注意spoken English表示“英语口语”。5. Ive never been to an amusement park like it before. 我以前从未去过那样的露天游乐场。(1)副词never作“永不，决不”解，表示全部否定，一般指经常性的状态，不用于修饰一次性的具体动作；一般位于系动词及助动词之后，实义动词之前，如修饰动词不定式或分词，则要放在不定式或分词之前；never可用于句首加强语气，其后的句子要主谓倒装。I can never understand why Ma
22、ry said nothing about her wrongs. 我绝不理解玛丽说的她什么也没有做错。I hope never to see him again 我希望再也不要见到他。He is never late for class他上课从不迟到。Never have l seen such a strange person我从来没看见过这样的怪人。(2)before用作副词表示“以前”。泛指“以前”时，谓语动词可用一般过去时表示过去发生过，也可用现在完成时则表示对现在的影响。用于特指时通常置于表示具体时间的名词之后。We saw that film before. 那部电影我们以前看过
23、。I have never seen such a beautiful scene. 我从来没有见过这样美丽的景象。It came across my mind that l had met him somewhere before. 我突然意识到我曾在什么地方见过他。6. Heres what two of our students said about our school.这就是两个我们的学生所说的关于我们学校的情况。(1)这是一个含有主语从句的倒装的主从复合句。连接代词what既引导主语从句，又在从句中作said的宾语。What he said is true他所说的是真的。What
24、I need most is your help我最需要的是你的帮助。What we need badly are more teachers我们急需的是更多的老师。(2)副词here置于句首要用倒装语序，主语为代词部分倒装，主语为名词全部倒装。Here it is.给你。Here is a letter for you.这是给你的来信。Here comes the bus!汽车来了!Heres the book youre looking for.这就是你正在找的书。Here he comes!他来了!7. It was because I could speak English that
25、I got the job. 正是因为我会讲英语我才得到了这份工作。这是一个强调结构，强调原因状语从句。强调结构的句式是“It+be+被强调成分+that”。被强调的是简单句的主语、宾语、宾补或状语，不能强调谓语、定语或表语。强调对象是人作主语时可用who，作宾语时用whom，其余一律用that。It was my father whothat did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening. 正是父亲昨天晚上在实验室作实验。It was at the gate of the school I met Tom.正是在校门口我见到汤姆。It was
26、 last week that l attended an art exhibition for the first time. 是上周我才第一次参观一个艺术展览。It was not until he broke my favorite vase that l flew into rages.我是在他打碎了我的花瓶时才生气的。It was because he was ill that he didnt come to the school yesterday.正是因为他病了昨天才没来上学。8. It takes about forty minutes. 它花费约40分钟。It takes
27、sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人一段时间如：It took him two weeks to make the trip. take 作为动词，主要有以下几种用法：1）拿，取 I want to take some books to the classroom.我想拿些书到教室。 2）吃，喝，服用，放 Take this medicine three times a day. 每天吃三次药。 Do you take sugar in your milk? 你喝的牛奶里放糖吗？ 3）乘车(船)等 Shall we go there by bike or take
28、a taxi? 我们是骑自行车去那还是坐出租车去？ They usually take a bus to work. 他们通常乘公交车上班。 4）常常和it连用，it在句子中作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。翻译成“花费(时间、金钱)等”。 How long will it take you to do your homework every day? 每天做作业要花费你多长时间？ It usually takes her 20 yuan to buy books every week.每周买书通常要花费她20元钱。 5）“做事情”, 常常和名词连用，表示与该名词意义相关的动作 如：tak
29、e a walk 散步； take a rest 休息一下； take a look 看一看。take 构成常用的重要词组1. take away 拿走 Tom takes the knife away from the little boy. 汤姆从小男孩手里把刀拿走了。 2. take care (=be careful=look out) 注意，小心 Take care! The car is coming! 小心！车来了！ 3. take (good) care of (好好)照顾，照料 I can take care of the baby all by myself. 我自己能照顾
30、这个小孩。4. take down 取下来 Take down the picture and put up the map of the world.摘下这张画，挂上一幅世界地图。 5. take out 拿出 Please take out a piece of paper and write down your names on it, OK? 拿出一张纸，在上面写下你们的名字，好吗？ 6. take off 脱下；(飞机等)起飞 Sorry! You have to take off your shoes before getting into the computer room.对不
31、起，在进入微机室之前，先要把你的鞋子脱掉。 The plane is going to take off soon.飞机马上就要起飞了。 7. take ones time 别着急，慢慢来 Please take your time! 别着急，慢慢来！ 8. take ones temperature 量体温 Mingming is ill. The doctor is taking his temperature now. 明明生病了，大夫正在给他量体温。【语法详解】现在完成时I. 用法（1）现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响I have studied English. 表示I kn
32、ow a little English. He has already come back. 表示He is here now. 常与already, yet, just, recently, ever, never, before等表示不确定时间的时间状语连用。（2）现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。She has been ill for 3 days. He has worked in the bank since 1990. 此时，句中谓语动词通常是延续性动词，且常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。如：these days, all this year, recently,
33、for 时间段以及since时间点等等。II. 构成：have / has 动词过去分词（1）has用于主语是第三人称单数，have用于其它人称（2）动词的过去分词构成分为规则动词和不规则动词。规则动词在词尾加ed，其规则与过去式一样。不规则动词要记住。例如：taketaken, gogone等。III. 肯定式、否定式和疑问式I have received a special gift. I have not received any special gift. I have never received any special gift. Have you received any spe
34、cial gift? Yes, I have. / No, I havent. He has ever played golf. He has not played golf. He has never played golf. Has he ever played golf? Yes, he has. / No, he hasnt. IV. have been （to）和have gone（to）的区别：“have been （to）”指“去过某地”，说话时此人已经不在那里，已经回来、侧重指经历。I have been to America. 我去过美国。“have gone （to）”指“
35、已经去了某地”，说话时此人在那里，或可能在路上，反正不在这里。He has gone to America. 他已经去了美国。V.延续性动词和瞬间动词有延续性的动词可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。He has worked in the bank for 5 years. work 是延续性动词，可以和for 5 years连用。而瞬间动词不可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。如果要表示其延续，可以用be动词。例如，不可以说He has come for 2 hours. come是瞬间动词。可以说He has been here for 2 hours. 他在这里呆了两个小时。VI. 一般过
36、去时，现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别一般过去时只表示过去的一个动作或状态，和现在不发生联系。现在完成时是用一个过去的动作说明现在的情况。He lived in Beijing in 2000. 只说明他2000年住在北京，他目前住在哪里并不清楚。He has lived in Beijing since 2000. 说明他自从2000年就住在北京，他目前还住在北京。现在完成时和现在完成进行时都可以表示“从过去开始一直持续到现在”这一概念，有时两者可以互相代用，但前者多用于口语。在含义上如着重表示动作的结果时，多用现在完成时；如着重表示动作一直在进行，即动作的延续性或者动作仍然继续下去时，则多
37、用现在完成进行时。如：a. I have written six letters since breakfast. 从吃早饭到现在我写了六封信。I have been writing letters since breakfast. 从吃早饭到现在我一直在写信。b. I have read this book. 我读过这本书。I have been reading this book. 我一直在读这本书。【中考连线】1 Mr Li_ England. He_ London for two weeks.A has been to; has been toC has been to; has be
38、en inB has gone to; has been inD has gone to; has been to解析 B 本题考查has been to/in及has gone to 的区别。表示“去了没回来”，用has gone to,而has been in表示“已在某地”，依题意李先生已经去了英格兰，他在伦敦呆了两周。故本题应选B项。2 The two old men_each other since 1970.A.didnt see B.dont see C.havent seen D.wont see【解题思路】句中若有for two years，in the past ten y
39、ears，since 1990，already，just ，yet，so far，ever，never，before，once，twice等类似的时间状语（或从句）时，句子（或主句）多用现在完成时。所以答案为C。3.This is the most beautiful mountain I have _ seen.A ever B never C already D yet此题考查与现在完成时态连用的常用词 ever 表示 “曾经”同步测试题一、词汇 (10分)A）根据句义及首字母提示完成单词：1. Have you ever been to an a_ park?2. -I have nev
40、er been to the space museum. - N_ have I.3. I want to u _English language movies.4. Why do you want to i_ your English?5.I started to t_ lessons in a language school.B）用所给词的适当形式填空：6. Your father look very_（health）7. I think this book is the_（useful） of all.8. He bought some Chinese _（paint） yesterda
41、y. He liked them very much.9. Lets talk about English_（teach） in Japan.10 Yesterday a _ (foreign) came to our school.二、单项选择：(15分)( )11.When were you born? I was born _ June 2,1990. A. in B. on C. at D. for( )12. Mother forgot _ that interesting book for me. A. to buy B. buy C. buying D. buys( )13. H
42、e went to his teachers office_ goodbye _ his teacher. A. say，to B. to say，to C. to write, for D. writing, to( )14. He finished_ the composition just now. A. write B. writes C. to write D. writing( )15. She enjoyed_ story books. A. seeing B. to see C. reading D. to read( )16. I found it not easy _ En
43、glish well. A. learn B. learns C. learned D. to learn( )17. My father likes watching me _ in the river. A. swim B. to swim C. swimming D. swimming( )18.-Who found my pen?- Li Lei_. A. do B. does C. did D. was( )19. My grandmother _ her eat everywhere，but she cant it. A. looked for，find B. found，look
44、 for C. look for，found D. looking for，find( )20. I know _ of them are Young Pioneers. A. much B. more C. most D. the most( )21. My grandpa hates _ a city. A. lives B. living C. to live D. living in( )22. Last year my uncle _ Shanghai. A. moves to B. moving C. moved to D. moved( )23._ you _ your coat
45、 last night? A. Did，pack B. Do，pack C. Did，packed D. Do，packed( )24. My father likes _ the morning paper at breakfast. A. reading B. to read C. watching D. to watch( )25.-_ do you see your grandparents? -Once a month. A. How long B. How soon C. How much D. How often三、完型填空（每空1.5,共15分）John was ten years old，but he was still 26 Grade One. He liked 27 .and didnt work hard 28 his lessons. His parents always wanted him 29 a good boy.This afternoon John 30 back，he was very happy. He said to his