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1、Article with Chinese Guide and Exercises for Lecture 9 Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior Can a regimen1 of no playdates2,no TV,no computer games and hours of music practice create happy kids?And what happens when they fight back?By Amy Chua3 Updated Jan.8,2011 12:01 a.m.ET The Wall Street Journal 1 A
2、 lot of people wonder how Chinese parents raise such stereotypically successful kids.They wonder what these parents do to produce so many math whizzes4and music prodigies5,what its like inside the family,and whether they could do it too.Well,I can tell them,because Ive done it.Here are some things m
3、y daughters,Sophia and Louisa,were never allowed to do:attend a sleepover6 have a playdate be in a school play7 complain about not being in a school play watch TV or play computer games choose their own extracurricular8 activities get any grade less than an A not be the No.1 student in every subject
4、 except gym and drama play any instrument other than the piano or violin not play the piano or violin.2 Im using the term Chinese mother loosely.I know some Korean,Indian,Jamaican,Irish and Ghanaian parents who qualify too.Conversely,I know some mothers of Chinese heritage,almost always born in the
5、West,who are not Chinese mothers,by choice or otherwise.Im also using the term Western parents loosely.Western parentscome in all varieties.3 All the same,even when Western parents think theyre being strict,they usually dont come close to being Chinese mothers.For example,my Western friends who cons
6、ider themselves strict make their children practice their instruments 30 minutes every day.An hour at most.For a Chinese mother,the first hour is the easy part.Its hours two and three that get tough.1.How does Amy Chua define“Chinese mother”and“western parents”?She does not use them in their strict
7、sense.She uses“Chinese mothers”to refer to authoritarian 1 regimen redmn n.医 养生法；生活规则；政体；2playdate n.约在一起玩耍 3Amy L.Chua(traditional Chinese:蔡美兒;simplified Chinese:蔡美儿；born October 26,1962)is an American lawyer and author.She is the John M.Duff Jr.Professor of Law at Yale Law School.She joined the Ya
8、le faculty in 2001 after teaching at Duke Law School for seven years.Prior to starting her teaching career,she was a corporate law associate at Cleary,Gottlieb,Steen&Hamilton.She specializes in the study of international business transactions,law and development,ethnic conflict,and globalization and
9、 the law and is noted for her parenting memoir Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother.In 2011,she was named one of Time magazines 100 most influential people,one of the Atlantic Monthlys Brave Thinkers,and one of Foreign Policys Global Thinkers.-Wikipedia 4 whiz hwz n.飕飕声；奇才 5prodigy prdd n.奇迹，奇事；奇才 6 slee
10、pover n.【美】（尤指小孩）在朋友家过夜的晚会 7school play 校园剧 8 extracurricular ekstrkrkjl adj.课外的；业余的 and coercive parents from any nationality not necessarily with Chinese heritage.“Western parents”refer to permissive parents.4 When it comes to parenting,the Chinese seem to produce children who display academic exc
11、ellence,musical mastery and professional success-or so the stereotype goes.2.What are the stereotypes of Chinese parents and children in terms of parenting style?The stereotype goes like this:Chinese parents raise children who are extremely good at school work,music instruments and later are very su
12、ccessful in their career.5 Despite our squeamishness9 about cultural stereotypes,there are tons of studies out there showing marked and quantifiable10 differences between Chinese and Westerners when it comes to parenting.In one study of 50 Western American mothers and 48 Chinese immigrant mothers,al
13、most 70%of the Western mothers said either that stressing academic success is not good for children or that parents need to foster the idea that learning is fun.By contrast,roughly 0%of the Chinese mothers felt the same way.Instead,the vast majority of the Chinese mothers said that they believe thei
14、r children can be the best students,that academic achievement reflects successful parenting,and that if children did not excel at school then there was a problem and parents were not doing their job.Other studies indicate that compared to Western parents,Chinese parents spend approximately 10 times
15、as long every day drilling11 academic activities with their children.By contrast,Western kids are more likely to participate in sports teams.6 What Chinese parents understand is that nothing is fun until youre good at it.To get good at anything you have to work,and children on their own never want t
16、o work,which is why it is crucial to override12 their preferences13.This often requires fortitude14 on the part of the parents because the child will resist;things are always hardest at the beginning,which is where Western parents tend to give up.But if done properly,the Chinese strategy produces a
17、virtuous circle15.Tenacious16 practice,practice,practice is crucial for excellence;rote17 repetition is underrated18 in America.Once a child starts to excel at somethingwhether its math,piano,pitching19 or ballethe or she gets praise,admiration and satisfaction.This builds confidence and makes the o
18、nce not-fun activity fun.This in turn makes it easier for the parent to get the child to work even more.7 Chinese parents can get away with20 things that Western parents cant.Once when I was youngmaybe more than oncewhen I was extremely disrespectful to my mother,my father 9 squeamish skwim adj.易呕吐的
19、；易生气的；神经质的；过于拘谨的；洁癖的 10 quantifiable kwntifaibl adj.可以计量的 11 drill drl vt.训练 12 override vrad vt.推翻；不顾；践踏 13 preference pref()r()ns n.偏爱，倾向 14 fortitude fttjud n.刚毅；不屈不挠；勇气 15 virtuous vtjs;-ts adj.善良的；有道德的；virtuous cycle 良性循环；vicious cycle 恶性循环 16 tenacious tnes adj.顽强的；坚韧的 17 rote rt n.死记硬背；生搬硬套 1
20、8 underrate ndret vt.低估；看轻 19 pitch pt vt.投；掷 20get away with 侥幸成功，侥幸逃脱 angrily called me garbage in our native Hokkien21 dialect.It worked really well.I felt terrible and deeply ashamed of what I had done.But it didnt damage my self-esteem or anything like that.I knew exactly how highly he thought
21、of me.I didnt actually think I was worthless or feel like a piece of garbage.8 As an adult,I once did the same thing to Sophia,calling her garbage in English when she acted extremely disrespectfully toward me.When I mentioned that I had done this at a dinner party,I was immediately ostracized22.One
22、guest named Marcy got so upset she broke down in tears and had to leave early.My friend Susan,the host,tried to rehabilitate23 me with the remaining guests.9 The fact is that Chinese parents can do things that would seem unimaginableeven legally actionable24to Westerners.Chinese mothers can say to t
23、heir daughters,Hey fattylose some weight.By contrast,Western parents have to tiptoe25 around the issue,talking in terms of health and never ever mentioning the f-word,and their kids still end up in therapy for eating disorders and negative self-image.(I also once heard a Western father toast his adu
24、lt daughter by calling her beautiful and incredibly competent.She later told me that made her feel like garbage.)10 Chinese parents can order their kids to get straight As.Western parents can only ask their kids to try their best.Chinese parents can say,Youre lazy.All your classmates are getting ahe
25、ad of you.By contrast,Western parents have to struggle with their own conflicted feelings about achievement,and try to persuade themselves that theyre not disappointed about how their kids turned out.11 Ive thought long and hard about how Chinese parents can get away with what they do.I think there
26、are three big differences between the Chinese and Western parental mind-sets26.12 First,Ive noticed that Western parents are extremely anxious about their childrens self-esteem.They worry about how their children will feel if they fail at something,and they constantly try to reassure their children
27、about how good they are notwithstanding a mediocre performance on a test or at a recital.In other words,Western parents are concerned about their childrens psyches27.Chinese parents arent.They assume strength,not fragility,and as a result they behave very differently.13 For example,if a child comes
28、home with an A-minus on a test,a Western parent will most likely praise the child.The Chinese mother will gasp28 in horror and ask what went wrong.If the child comes home with a B on the test,some Western parents will still praise the child.Other 21Hokkien n.福建话；闽南语 22 ostracize strsaiz vt.放逐；排斥 23
29、rehabilitate rihbltet vt.使康复；使恢复名誉 24 actionable k()nb()l adj.可控告的；可提起诉讼的 25 tiptoe tpt n.脚尖；趾尖 vi.用脚尖走，偷偷摸摸地走 26mind-set maindset n.心态；思维定式 27 psyche sak n.灵魂；心智 28 gasp gsp vi.喘气；喘息 Western parents will sit their child down and express disapproval,but they will be careful not to make their child f
30、eel inadequate or insecure,and they will not call their child stupid,worthless or a disgrace.Privately,the Western parents may worry that their child does not test well or have aptitude29 in the subject or that there is something wrong with the curriculum and possibly the whole school.If the childs
31、grades do not improve,they may eventually schedule a meeting with the school principal30 to challenge the way the subject is being taught or to call into question31 the teachers credentials.14 If a Chinese child gets a Bwhich would never happenthere would first be a screaming,hair-tearing explosion.
32、The devastated32 Chinese mother would then get dozens,maybe hundreds of practice tests and work through them with her child for as long as it takes to get the grade up to an A.15 Chinese parents demand perfect grades because they believe that their child can get them.If their child doesnt get them,t
33、he Chinese parent assumes its because the child didnt work hard enough.Thats why the solution to substandard33 performance is always to excoriate,punish and shame the child.The Chinese parent believes that their child will be strong enough to take the shaming and to improve from it.(And when Chinese
34、 kids do excel,there is plenty of ego-inflating parental praise lavished in the privacy of the home.)16 Second,Chinese parents believe that their kids owe them everything.The reason for this is a little unclear,but its probably a combination of Confucian filial piety and the fact that the parents ha
35、ve sacrificed and done so much for their children.(And its true that Chinese mothersget in the trenches34,putting in long grueling hours personally tutoring,training,interrogating and spying on their kids.)Anyway,the understanding is that Chinese children must spend their lives repaying their parent
36、s by obeying them and making them proud.17 By contrast,I dont think most Westerners have the same view of children being permanently indebted to their parents.My husband,Jed,actually has the opposite view.Children dont choose their parents,he once said to me.They dont even choose to be born.Its pare
37、nts who foist35 life on their kids,so its the parents responsibility to provide for them.Kids dont owe their parents anything.Their duty will be to their own kids.This strikes me as a terrible deal for the Western parent.18 Third,Chinese parents believe that they know what is best for their children
38、 and therefore override all of their childrens own desires and preferences.Thats why Chinese daughters cant have boyfriends in high school and why Chinese kids cant go to sleepaway camp.Its also why no Chinese kid would ever dare say to their mother,I got a part in the school play!Im Villager 29 apt
39、itude pttjud n.天资；自然倾向 30 principal prnsp()l n.校长 31call into question 对表示怀疑 32 devastated devstetid adj.毁坏的；极为震惊的 33 substandard sbstndd adj.不合规格的；标准以下的 34in the trenches 在第一线，在现场；在壕沟中 35 foist fst vt.偷偷插入；混入；蒙骗；硬卖给；采用欺骗手段出售；把强加于 Number Six.Ill have to stay after school for rehearsal every day from
40、 3:00 to 7:00,and Ill also need a ride on weekends.God help any Chinese kid who tried that one.36 19 Dont get me wrong:Its not that Chinese parents dont care about their children.Just the opposite.They would give up anything for their children.Its just an entirely different parenting model.20 Heres
41、a story in favor of coercion37,Chinese-style.Lulu was about 7,still playing two instruments,and working on a piano piece called The Little White Donkey by the French composer Jacques Ibert.The piece is really cuteyou can just imagine a little donkey ambling along38 a country road with its masterbut
42、its also incredibly difficult for young players because the two hands have to keep schizophrenically39 different rhythms40.21 Lulu couldnt do it.We worked on it nonstop for a week,drilling each of her hands separately,over and over.But whenever we tried putting the hands together,one always morphed4
43、1 into the other,and everything fell apart.Finally,the day before her lesson,Lulu announced in exasperation42 that she was giving up and stomped43 off.Get back to the piano now,I ordered.You cant make me.Oh yes,I can.22 Back at the piano,Lulu made me pay.She punched44,thrashed45 and kicked.She grabb
44、ed the music score46 and tore it to shreds47.I taped the score back together and encased48 it in a plastic shield49 so that it could never be destroyed again.Then I hauled Lulus dollhouse to the car and told her Id donate it to the Salvation Army piece by piece if she didnt have The Little White Don
45、key perfect by the next day.When Lulu said,I thought you were going to the Salvation Army,why are you still here?I threatened her with no lunch,no dinner,no Christmas or Hanukkah50 presents,no birthday parties for two,three,four years.When she still kept playing it wrong,I told her she was purposely
46、 working herself into a frenzy because she was secretly afraid she couldnt do it.I told her to stop being lazy,cowardly,self-indulgent51 and pathetic52.36中国孩子如果敢这么做，那么就只有听天由命了。没人能帮他了。37 coercion k()n n.强制；强迫；高压政治；威压 38 amble along1.(马等)溜花蹄；缓驰 2.(人)缓行，慢行 39 schizophrenic,sktsfrenk n.精神分裂症的患者 adj.精神分裂
47、症的 40 rhythm r()m n.节奏；韵律 41morph mf v.变形 42 exasperation g,zspre()n;eg-n.恼怒；恶化；43 stomp stmp v.跺脚，重踩；44 punch pn(t)vi.用拳猛击 45 thrash r v.猛烈摆动，扑打 46music score 乐谱 47 shred red n.碎片；少量剩余 48 encase nkes;en-vt.包住；围绕；包装 49 shield ild n.盾；防护物 50Hanukkah h:nuk:n.光明节（犹太教节日，等于 Chanukah）51 self-indulgent sel
48、findldnt adj.任性的，放纵的 52 pathetic petk adj.可怜的，悲哀的 23 Jed took me aside.He told me to stop insulting53 Luluwhich I wasnt even doing,I was just motivating54 herand that he didnt think threatening Lulu was helpful.Also,he said,maybe Lulu really just couldnt do the techniqueperhaps she didnt have the co
49、ordination yethad I considered that possibility?You just dont believe in her,I accused.Thats ridiculous,Jed said scornfully.Of course I do.Sophia could play the piece when she was this age.But Lulu and Sophia are different people,Jed pointed out.24 Oh no,not this,I said,rolling my eyes.Everyone is s
50、pecial in their special own way,I mimicked55 sarcastically56.Even losers are special in their own special way.Well dont worry,you dont have to lift a finger57.Im willing to put in as long as it takes,and Im happy to be the one hated.And you can be the one they adore because you make them pancakes an