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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载人教版高中英语必修一Unit One Friendship 1. Survey Make a general survey of sth. 纵观某事物Mae a survey of sth. 调查某事物Vt. 查看2. Add to 增加Add to. 往 添加 Add up to 合计达,加起来总和是3. Calm v. (使)安静;(使)冷静adj. 安静的;冷静的;冷静的,指无风浪或人的心情不兴奋Keep/stay calm 保持冷静Calm before the storm 暴风雨前的安静Calm down 使平静,使
2、安静单词 用法calm 常指天气安静,无风;海上无浪;镇定,无担忧,冷静自如等quiet 表示“ 静止的,安静的” ,指没有兴奋,苦恼,担忧,康掉没有扰乱或闹声的“ 安静” 或“ 心神安静”名师归纳总结 silent 表示“ 无声的” “ 缄默的”第 1 页,共 12 页still 表示“ 静止不动的” “ 安静的” ,强调没有- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载动作的状态4. Ignore vt. 忽视,对 不予理会Ignorance n. 无知Ignorant adj. 无知的,不知道的Be ignorant of/about sb
3、. /sth. 对某人某物不知道5. Upset v. 使担心,使心烦;打乱,搅乱(方案等);弄翻;使不舒适的 adj. 心烦意乱的(不置于名词前);(胃等)不舒适;(方案等)搅乱的;翻倒的单词用法成分upset 由于某事进展过程中有只做表语,不作定语种紧急的感觉nervous 在某事进展过程中有种作定语,表语紧急的感觉anxious 由于可怕发生或不发生作定语,表语某事而感到焦虑6. Have got to=have to 不得不,必需(1) have got to 的否定式为 haven t got to ; have to 的否定式为 dont have to ;用于疑问句中时, 前者
4、have 提前,后者借助于助动词 do ;(2) 表示一次性动作时,两者可以互换;担当表示习惯性动作时,特别是当句子中含有 always, often, sometimes have to ,不使用 have got to ;等频率副词时,就应使用名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 12 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - (3) have got to 学习必备欢迎下载除可用于过去时外,仍可与罕用于过去时,而have to情态动词,助动词连用,可用于完成时结构中;(4) have gotto 与 must 都意为“ 必需” ,但must 作为情态动词无时态
5、以及人称和数的变化,而have got to 就有; Have got to 表示客观需要,must 就表示主观看法; 另外,表示“ 不必” 用don t have to, haven t got to, needn 的肯定禁止含义; t, 不能用 mustn t;mustn t 表示“ 肯定不能”7. concern vt. 涉及,关系到,参加;使马虎,使担忧n. 关怀;关注;(厉害)关系concern oneself with/in 从事(参加,干涉)concern oneself about/for 由于 担忧(关怀)某人as/so far as be concerned 就 而言as
6、concerns 关于( concerning)feel/show concern about/for 担忧(关怀,挂念) be concerned with 与 有关be concerned about/for 关怀8. cheat sb.out of sth. 骗取某人的某物cheat sb. into the belief that 骗某人信任cheat sb. into doing sth. 骗某人做某事9. for a/an reason 由于一个 的缘由名师归纳总结 the reason for 的理由, 的缘由第 3 页,共 12 页reason + why/that引导的定语从
7、句the reason is +that引导的表语从句the reason for sth. 某事的理由- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - the cause of sth. 学习必备欢迎下载某事的起因the excuse for sth. 某事的托词 /借口10. crazy 疯狂的;着迷的be crazy to do sth. (某人)做某事是疯狂的be crazy on/about doing sth. 对做某事狂热be crazy for sth. 希望某物be crazy for sb. 沉迷某人be crazy with 因 而发疯drive
8、 sb. mad/crazy 使某人发疯craziness n.狂热,疯狂crazily adv. 疯狂地like crazy (口语)发狂似的11. make a list of 造表take off the list 从表上去掉stand first on the list 居首位,名列前茅v. 把 排列成表;列举12. go through 1 穿过,通过2 翻找,搜寻3 通过,胜利4 批阅,检查5 经受(困难,痛楚等)13. hide away (1)隐藏,隐匿;(2)藏,隐匿名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 12 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - -
9、- 学习必备 欢迎下载14. a series of 一系列的 ;一连串的 ;一套(丛书,邮票等)15. point n. 要点,点,论点,小数点,问题点,(时间)点,地点,特点,点(端),意义,得分 v 指示,指着,对着,削尖point at/ to sb. /sth. 指着某人(某事物)的位置或方向Point sth. At/towards sb./sth. 以某物瞄准或对着某人Point out 指出Be on the point of doing sth. 刚要做某事There is no point in doing 没有必要(意义)做 To the point 中肯的,得要领的Of
10、f the point 离题的Point of view 观点,着眼点16. face to face 面对面地face-to-face 面对面的heart to heart 坦诚地shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩地back to back 背靠背地hand in hand 手拉手地arm in arm 臂挽臂地side by side 并排地;并肩地step by step 逐步地17. on purpose 有意;有意地for the purpose 目的能否实现仍不知道;with the purpose of 表示目的能实现18. in order to do sth.
11、目的是 ,以便 , 为了 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 12 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - In order not to do sth. 学习必备欢迎下载(否定形式)to, in order to, so as to :三者后接动词原形, 作目的状语的用法一样, 但 so as to 不行用于居首引导目的状语,只可用于句中;19. dare vt. 意为“ 敢,胆敢,敢于面对”aux. 意为“ 敢,胆敢” ;常用于否定句,疑问句或条件从句中;(1) 作情态动词时, 没有人称和数的变化, 但有时态变化,后接动词原形;(2) 作行为动词时后接to
12、do ,否定句,疑问句中to 可以省略;20. set about doing sth. 着手(做)某事Set off 动身;动身;引爆,燃放 Set out 动身;着手做 Set up 竖起;创设,开办 Set forward 提出;拨快(钟表)21. get + 宾语现在分词让 始终做某事 get + 宾语动词不定式让 做某事 get + 宾语形容词副词让 处于某种状态 get + 宾语介词短语让 做某事;让 处于某种状态 22. pay for为 付款 pay sb. for 为 付款给某人 pay money for 为 付款 pay sb. money for =pay money
13、to sb. for 为 付款给某人 pay sb. money to do sth. 付款让某人做某事23. It This is/was the first second, third time that sb. have/had done sth. 某人第一(二,三 )次做某事; That 引导的从句中的时态需用完 成时态;名师归纳总结 24. It is/was + +that/who + 其他成分的强调句型第 6 页,共 12 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载(1) 强调主语: it was I that/who yes
14、terday. met Li Ming at the railway station (2) 强调宾语: it was Li Ming that/who I met at the railway station yesterday. (3) 强调地点状语: it was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday. (4) 强调时间状语: it was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station. 25. happen to do 碰巧,恰好做(某事)26. It s no
15、use/good/need doing sth . It not any use/good/need doing sth. 做某事没有用处好处必要It s of little use/good/need doing sth. 27. suffer from sth. 苦于;患 病suffering u.n. 痛楚; c.n. 苦难,常用复数28. (1) find + 宾语形容词副词介词短语(2)find 宾语现在分词 (宾语与现在分词所表示的动作之间是主谓关系,表示动作的进行或连续)(3)find 宾语过去分词 (过去分词所表示的动作与宾语之间时动宾关系,表示动作的被动,完成)(4)find
16、 + 宾语名词 5 假如变成被动语态,那么宾语就变成了主语,宾补变成了主补;He was found cheating in the examination. 6 在 find it + adj. +to do sth. 词不定式(短语);中 it 为形式宾语,真正的宾语为后面的动29. (1)with + 名词(代词)形容词名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 12 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载She used to sleep with the windows open. (2)with 名词(代词)副词With Mr. Smit
17、h away, weve got more room.(3) with 名词(代词)介词短语The man was walking on the street, with a book under his arm. (4) with 名词(代词)动词不定式With all this work to do, I dont know if Ill have time (5) with 名词(代词)现在分词In some parts of Asia you must not sit with your feet pointing at another person. (6) with 名词(代词)过
18、去分词The murderers was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. (7) with 名词(代词)名词He left home, with his wife a hopeless soul. 30. get along/on with 31. fall in love / be in lovewith sb. give/send sb. ones love 向某人致(爱)意32. give /offer advice to sb. ask sb. for advice follow /take act on sbs adv
19、iceadvice on/about advise ab. against劝说某人不要advise sb. to do sth. advise sb. that sb. should do 名师归纳总结 advise sb. on第 8 页,共 12 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载advise doing 33. make an effort make every effort to do sth. / at doing sth. make great efforts without effort 毫不费劲地,轻松地spare
20、no effort to do sth. 不遗余力地做某事effortless adj. 不需要努力的34. before (1) 强调从句动作发生在主句动作之前,意为“ 不等 就 ”(2) 在” It +be+时间段 +before 从句” 中,意为“ 之后才 ”(3) 在” It +be的否定形式 long + before (4) 在特定的情境中,意为“ 趁着 ”35. make oneself done 使自己被 从句” 中,意为“ 不久就 ”Would you please make yourself known to us. make sb./sth. do sth. make+
21、名词名词“ 使 称为”make+ 名词形容词“ 使 怎么样”36. shouldn t have done 本(不)应当做而实际上没有(已)做must have done 准是已经做过(估计)cant/couldnt have done不行能做过may/might have done 或许已经做过could have done 原来可以做(却未做)would have done 原来要做(却没有做)neednt have done 原来没必要做(却做了)ought to have done =should have done 37. have sth. to do with 与 有关本应当做而
22、实际上没有做名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 12 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载have nothing to do with. 与 没有关系 have a lot to do with 与 有很大关系 38. 现在进行时表示将来时: arrive, come, go , get, have, leave, return, sleep, stay, start, travel, work, play, wear, give, move 等;39. 符合形容词的常见结构:(1) adj. +n. +ed middle-aged wa
23、rm-hearted (2) adj. + doing good-looking easy-going (3) adv. +doing hard-working well-meaning (善意的)(4) n. +doing peace-loving English-speaking (5) n. +done man-made heart-left 由衷的 (6) adv. +done well-educated newly-built (7) n. +adj. snow-white life-long (8) num.+n.+adj. twelve-year-old (9) num.+n.+
24、ed three-legged one-eyed (10) num.+n. 名师归纳总结 ten-speed second-hand 第 10 页,共 12 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载40. do with (1)表示“ 与 .有关,和 有业务关系”,常用结构; have to do with , be to do with. 例: Her job is to do with telephones. Have sth. to do with 与 有关Have nothing to do with 与 没有关系Have a l
25、ot to do with 与 有很大关系(2)“ 处理,处置,应付,对待(某人)”,经常与疑问词 what 搭配;41. There was a time when “ 曾经有一段时间 ”42. Spellbinding adj. 使入迷的;迷人的Spellbound adj. 入迷的A spellbinding performance 迷人的表演43. Power n. (1) 体力,智力,才能(2) 统治,政权(3) 动力,电力( u.n. )名师归纳总结 in power 执政s powers 力所不能及的,第 11 页,共 12 页lose power 丢失政权a power str
26、uggle 权力斗争take/seize power 把握政权world powers 世界列强an allied power 同盟国an enemy power 敌对国a super power 超级大国power failure 停电a power plant/station 发电站a power point 插座come to power 掌权beyond/out of ones power = not within one- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载不能胜任的44. power, strength, force, ability, energy 1 power 用途最广,用于各种身心的,隐匿的,外显的力;2 strength 体力;是内部的才能,是在身体组织内存在的体力;3 force 力;指活动的力, 是 strength(武)力” 用;4 ability 才能;指完成某事的力;5 energy 精力;指人内在的活力;所展现出来的力, 外部的力; 常被作“ 势例:Have you read that work of great power. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页,共 12 页