《2022年中考物理复习专题突破电学综合计算题含答案 .pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年中考物理复习专题突破电学综合计算题含答案 .pdf（4页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、专题突破(十七)电学综合计算题12015 西城二模 如图 Z17 2 所示为某家用电热水器工作电路简化图，表中为三种加热模式相关参数。求：(1)该电热水器按“加热模式1”正常工作时的电流。(计算结果请保留整数)(2)该电热水器按“加热模式1”连续正常工作10 min 所产生的热量。(3)若该电热水器连续正常工作20 min，消耗电能0.8 kW h。通过计算判断该电热水器采用的加热模式。图 Z172 加热模式工作状态额定功率P/kW 1 R1单独工作2 2 R2单独工作3 3 R1与 R2交替工作22015 通州一模 在物理小组课外活动中，慧龙小组同学利用两段阻值不同的电热丝R1和 R2，设计
2、成高、中、低三个挡位的电热器，电路如图Z173 所示，其中R12R2。在正常工作情况下，用三个挡位分别给同一容器中质量相同的水加热，加热过程中水均未沸腾。求：(1)R1的阻值。(2)中温挡的额定功率。(3)利用高温挡加热时，电热器内的水温度每升高1 消耗的电能。电热器挡位额定电压/V 额定功率/W 水升高的温度/加热时间/min高温220 10 6 中温8 8 低温100 4 9 图 Z173 32015 海淀二模 如图 Z17 4 所示是家用电热水壶的照片。其工作原理是：壶内底部有一个电热丝电阻，通电后将电能通过电热丝转化成内能。电热水壶的相关参数如下表所示。根据表格中的参数计算：(1)电热
3、水壶正常工作时壶内电热丝电阻的阻值。(2)由于用电高峰时，用户输电线路的电压下降5%，此时电热水壶的实际功率(认为电热丝电阻不变)。(3)在用电高峰时，输电线路电压下降5%后，要使此电热水壶的功率仍达到额定功率，可以对壶内电热丝进行改造，你有哪些方法？写出必要的过程和结果。图 Z174 型号XX额定电压220 V 额定功率1000 W 频率50 Hz容量1.5 L 42015 东城一模 在学习了电动机的相关知识后，课外活动小组的同学们在淘宝上购买了几个小电动机，拆开了其中一个小电动机，认认真真地观察和研究它的内部构造，并测得该电动机的电阻为1，给这种小电动机加3 V 电压，电动机正常工作，通过
4、它的电流为0.3 A。求：(1)小电动机正常工作时的发热功率。(2)小电动机正常工作时1 s 内消耗的电能WUI t 3 V 0.3 A1 s0.9 J，则 1 s 内有多少电能转化为机械能？文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5
5、L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3
6、文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:C
7、K4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9
8、F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 H
9、V4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O1
10、0C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10
11、 ZN9N5L3U2D352015 朝阳一模 图 Z175 是由“控制电路”和“工作电路”两部分组成的光控电路。“控制电路”由光敏电阻R、磁控开关L、定值电阻R0、电源 U1等组成，当线圈中的电流大于或等于20 mA 时，磁控开关的磁性弹片相互吸合。“工作电路”由工作电源U2、发热电阻 R1和 R2组成。已知：U2 20 V，R15 ，R2 15 ，光敏电阻R 的阻值随照射在光敏电阻上的光强E(表示光照射强弱的物理量，单位是坎德拉，符号是cd)之间的变化关系如图乙所示。求：(1)画出当“控制电路”中的电流小于20 mA 时，“工作电路”的等效电路图。(2)当“控制电路”中的电流小于20 mA
12、时，“工作电路”消耗的功率。(3)当“控制电路”中的电流等于30 mA 时，“工作电路”中R1在 5 min 内产生的热量。(4)如果“控制电路”中的线圈阻值RL 1 、R0140 、U13 V，那么照射在光敏电阻上的光强在什么范围内时，磁控开关的磁性弹片相互吸合？图 Z175 参考答案1(1)按“加热模式1”正常工作时的电流：I1P1U2000 W220 V9 A。(2)电热水器按“加热模式1”连续正 常工作 10 min 所产生的热量：Q1P1t1 2000 W600 s1.2 106 J。(3)P2W2t20.8 kW h13h2.4 kW，因为 2 kW P23 kW，所以选择的是“加
13、热模式3”。2三个挡位的电路图如下：文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10
14、 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5
15、L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3
16、文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:C
17、K4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9
18、F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 H
19、V4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3(1)S1闭合、S2断开时，P低U2R1，R1U2P低（220 V）2100 W 484 。(2)S1断开、S2闭合时处于中温挡，R
20、212R1242 ，P中U2R2()220 V2242 200 W。(3)S1、S2都闭合时：P高P低P中 300 W，高温挡工作6 min 消耗的电能W高P高t高300 W660 s1.08 105 J，水温度升高1 消耗的电能W 1.08105 J10108104 J。3(1)由 PU2R得 RU2P（220 V）21000 W48.4 。(2)用户输电线路的实际电压为U1220 V(220 V5%)209 V，设电热水壶实际功率为P1，因电阻不变，则P1U21R902.5 W。(3)方法一：给壶内电热丝并联一个电热丝R1，使它们在209 V 的电压下工作的功率是1000 W，R1的功率应
21、为P1 1000 W902.5 W97.5 W，R1448 。方法二：改换原来的电热丝使电阻值减小，设新的电热丝电阻为R0，R0U21P 43.7 。4(1)P热I2R(0.3 A)2 1 0.09 W。(2)QP热t 0.09 W 1 s0.09 J，由能量守恒定律得：WE机Q，则：E机WQ0.9 J0.09 J0.81 J。5(1)当控制电路的电流小于20 mA 时，工作电路的等效电路图：(2)PU22R1R2（20 V）25 15 20 W。(3)产生的热量QU22R1t（20 V）25 560 s24000 J。(4)由题意可知，要使磁控开关的磁性弹片相互吸合，则控制电路的电流要大于或
22、等于20 mA。R总U1I3 V0.02 A 150 ，可知控制电路的总电阻要小于或等于150 。此时光敏电阻R R总R0RL150 140 1 9 ，由图乙可知，对应的光照强度为2 cd。因此，当光照强度大于或等于2 cd 时，磁控开关的磁性弹片相互吸合。文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编
23、码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q
24、4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A
25、4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X
26、1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7
27、P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN
28、9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3文档编码:CK4Q4J9F6A4 HV4X1O10C7P10 ZN9N5L3U2D3