《七年级语法介词讲解.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《七年级语法介词讲解.docx（3页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、初中英语介词的用法一、介词按其构成可分为：1. 简单介词 at, in, on, to, since, until 等。如Hes worked there since 1998.2. 复合介词 into, onto, out of 等。如：She is out of school. 3. 二重介词 from under, from behind, from out of, until after, except in 等。如： Im from out of town. 4. 短语介词 because of, instead of, in spite of 等。如：I went back not
2、 because of the rain, but because I was tired.二、介词的作用：1. 表示地点：after, along, at, below, by, of, near, over, through, under 等。如：1) at (a)表示在小地方; (b)表示“在附近，旁边”in (a)表示 在大地方; (b)表示“在范围之内”。on 表示毗邻，接壤，“在上面”。to 表示在范围外，不强调是否接壤；或“到”2)above, over, on 在上above 指在上方,不强调是否垂直，与 below相对,如：The bird is flying above m
3、y head.over指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。 There is a bridge over the river.on表示某物体上面并与之接触。He put his watch on the desk.3)below, under 在下面under表示在正下方 There is a cat under the table.below表示在下，不一定在正下方Please write your name below the line.4)in front frantof, in the front of在前面in front of意思是“在前面”，
4、指甲物在乙物之前，两者互不包括；其反义词是behind（在的后面）。There are some flowers in front of the house.in the front of 意思是“在.的前部”，即甲物在乙物的内部.反义词是at the back of（在范围内的后部）。There is a blackboard in the front of our classroom.我们的教室前边有一块黑板。Our teacher stands in the front of the classroom.我们的老师站在教室前.(老师在教室里)5）beside，behindbeside 表
5、示在旁边 behind 表示在后面2. 表示时间：about, after, across, at, during, for, in, of, till, until 等。1)in , on，at 在时in表示较长时间，如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般（非特指）的早、中、晚等。如 in the 20th century, in the 1950s, in 1989, in summer, in January, in the morning, in ones life , in ones thirties等。on表示具体某一天及其早、中、晚。如on May 1st, on Monday,
6、 on New Years Day, on a cold night in January, on a fine morning, on Sunday afternoon等。at表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间，或泛指圣诞节，复活节等。如at 3:20, at this time of year, at the beginning of, at the end of , at the age of , at Christmas， at night, at noon, at this moment等。注意：在last, next, this, that, some, every 等词之前一律不用介词。
7、如：We meet every day.2)in, after 在之后“in +段时间”表示将来的一段时间以后； The baby will stop crying in half an hour. “after+段时间”表示过去的一段时间以后；The baby stopped crying after half an hour. “after+将来的时间点”表示将来的某一时刻以后。They will visit their teacher after Friday.3)from, since 自从from仅说明什么时候开始，不说明某动作或情况持续多久；since表示某动作或情况持续至说话时刻
8、，通常与完成时连用。since表示自（某具体时间）以来，常用作完成时态谓语的时间状语。They have been close friends since childhood（1）since the war是指自从战争结束以来，若指自从战争开始以来，须说since the beginning of the war。（2）不要将since与after混淆。比较：He has worked here since 1965（指一段时间，强调时间段）自从1965年以来，他一直在这儿工作。He began to work here after 1965（指一点时间，强调时间点）从1965年以后，他开始在
9、这儿工作。4)after, behind 在之后after主要用于表示时间；behind主要用于表示位置。时间名词前介词用法口诀年前周前要用in具体日子要用on遇到几号也用on上午下午得是in要说某日上下午用on换in记清楚午夜黄昏用at 黎明用它也不错 at用在时分前说“差”可要用上to 说过要用past3. 表示运动方向：at, across, around, on, over, under 等。across, through 通过，穿过 across表示横过,即从物体表面通过，与on有关，为二维 through穿过,即从物体内部穿过，与in有关，为三维。The earth goes ar
10、ound the sun. 地球绕太阳运行。The car is under repair. 汽车在修理中。4. 表示比较：as, like, above, over, with 等。如：She was something like her sister. Chinese is much more difficult in contrast with English.5. 表示原因：about, for, from, with 等。如：Dont worry about my lessons. 不要担心我的功课。Business kept me from coming. 我因事不能来。He wa
11、s angry with what I did. 他对我所做的很气愤。6. 表示条件：to, with, without 等。如：Without your advice, he would have failed.7. 表示手段、方式：as, by, in, with 等。如：He behaved as a drunkard.Learn the new words by heart.We see with our eyes. 8. 表示距离、数量：from, in, within 等。如：My house is ten miles from the school.They were thirt
12、y in all. 9. 表示目的：as, for 等。如：I only said it as a joke.Its time for class. 10. 表示让步：for, with 等。如：For all his effort, he didnt succeed.With all his money, he is unhappy.for 还可以引导插入语，如： I, for one, shall vote against the proposal.介词的用法一览1. 与形容词搭配的词组有：be afraid of(怕)be angry with(生某人的气)be away from(不在
13、某地)be different from(与不同)be good at(善于)be good/ bad for (对有益/有害)be interested in(对感兴趣)be late for(迟到)be/get ready for(为作好准备)be sure of (对有把握)be worried about(为感到担忧)2. 介词后常用人称代词宾格和动词 -ing 形式1) You must take good care of her.2) Thank you for teaching us so well. 3. “用”交通工具 by plane 用语言 in English 通过媒介 on/ over the telephone, on/ over the radio, on TV 用工具手段 with a pen, with ones hands between“在和(两者)之间” between and ,between the two among 在之间(三者或三者以上)