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1、-1-高考生物实验总结实验与探究必修一分子与细胞实验一观察 DNA 和 RNA 在细胞中的分布实验原理：DNA 绿色，RNA 红色分布：真核生物的DNA 主要分布在细胞核中，线粒体和叶绿体内也含有少量的 DNA；RNA 主要分布在细胞质中。实验结果:细胞核呈绿色,细胞质呈红色.实验二检测生物组织中还原糖、脂肪和蛋白质实验原理：还原糖砖红色脂肪红色蛋白质紫色1、还原糖的检测（1）材料的选取：还原糖含量高，白色或近于白色，如苹果，梨，白萝卜。（2）试剂：斐林试剂（甲液：0.1g/mL 的 NaOH 溶液，乙液：0.05g/mL 的 CuSO4溶液），现配现用。（3）步骤：取样液 2mL于试管中加入
2、刚配的斐林试剂1mL（斐林试剂甲液和乙液等量混合均匀后再加入）水浴加热2min 左右观察颜色变化（白色浅蓝色砖红色）2、脂肪的检测（1）材料的选取：含脂肪量越高的组织越好，如花生的子叶。苏丹染液苏丹染液双缩脲试剂斐林试剂橘黄色甲基绿吡罗红-2-（2）步骤：制作切片（切片越薄越好）将最薄的花生切片放在载玻片中央染色（滴苏丹染液23 滴切片上 23min 后吸去染液滴体积分数 50%的酒精洗去浮色吸去多余的酒精）制作装片（滴 12 滴清水于材料切片上盖上盖玻片）镜检鉴定（显微镜对光低倍镜观察高倍镜观察染成橘黄色的脂肪颗粒）3、蛋白质的检测（1）试剂：双缩脲试剂（A 液：0.1g/mL 的 NaOH
3、 溶液，B 液：0.01g/mL 的CuSO4溶液）（2）步骤：试管中加样液2mL 加双缩脲试剂A 液 1mL，摇匀加双缩尿试剂B液 4 滴，摇匀观察颜色变化(紫色)实验三用显微镜观察多种多样的细胞1、显微镜的使用：取镜安放对光压片观察收放。（1）低倍镜使用：（观察任何标本都必须先用低倍镜，且标本应透明）（3）高倍镜使用：先使用低倍镜确定目标移动装片，使目标位于视野中央转动转换器，换用高倍镜调焦（转动细准焦螺旋）(视野较暗,可调反光镜或光圈)2、显微镜使用注意事项：（1）成像特点：放大倒立的虚像。文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3
4、G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A
5、7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I1
6、0Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:C
7、D3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS
8、1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1
9、I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码
10、:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3-3-（2）放大倍数计算：物镜的放大倍数目镜的放大倍数。放大倍数指的是物体的长或宽。（3）物像的移动方向与装片的移动方向相反。（4）低倍镜下成像特点：物像小、细胞数目多、视野亮。高倍镜下成像特点：物像大、细胞数目少、视野暗。（5）物镜和目镜的判断方法：物镜有螺纹，目镜无螺纹。（6）放大倍数的判断方法：目镜：镜头长放大倍数小，镜头短放大倍数大。物镜：镜头长放大倍
11、数大，镜头短放大倍数小。物镜与装片之间的距离：距离近放大倍数大，距离远放大倍数小。（7）显微镜的有关性能参数。最重要的性能参数是分辨率，而不是放大倍数。实验四用高倍镜观察线粒体和叶绿体1、材料：新鲜藓类叶、黑藻叶或菠菜叶，口腔上皮细胞临时装片2、原理：叶绿体在显微镜下观察，绿色,球形或椭球形。用染液染色后的口腔上皮细胞中线粒体成蓝绿色,细胞质接近无色。实验五通过模拟实验探究膜的透性(略)实验六观察植物细胞的质壁分离和复原1、条件：细胞内外溶液浓度差，活细胞，大液泡2、材料：紫色洋葱鳞片叶外表皮细胞（具紫色大液泡），质量浓度 0.3g/mL 的蔗糖溶液，清水等。文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8
12、HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 Z
13、X1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档
14、编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X
15、8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2
16、 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3
17、文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C
18、3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3-4-3、步骤：制作洋葱鳞片叶外表皮细胞临时装片观察盖玻片一側滴蔗糖溶液,另一侧用吸水纸吸引观察(液泡由大到小,颜色由浅变深,原生质层与细胞壁分离)盖玻片一侧滴清水,另一侧用吸水纸吸引观察(质壁分离复原)4、结论:细胞外溶液浓度 细胞内溶液浓度，细胞失水质壁分离细胞外溶液浓度 细胞内溶液浓度，细胞
19、吸水质壁分离复原实验七探究影响酶活性的因素1、材料：新配置的淀粉酶溶液，新鲜肝脏研磨液，可溶性淀粉溶液，过氧化氢溶液等。2、步骤：（1）探究温度对酶活性的影响（2）探究 pH对酶活性的影响步骤项目试管 1 试管 2 试管 3 1 加入可溶性淀粉溶液2mL 2mL 2mL 2 放置在不同温度环境0100603 加入新配置的淀粉酶1mL 1mL 1mL 4 滴入碘液2 滴2 滴2 滴5 观察结果步骤项目试管 1 试管 2 试管 3 1 加入过氧化氢溶液2mL 2mL 2mL 2 加入蒸馏水1mL 3 加入盐酸溶液1mL 4 加入 NaOH 溶液1mL 5 滴加肝脏研磨液2 滴2 滴2 滴6 37水
20、浴5min 5min 5min 文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y
21、8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4
22、K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V
23、8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z
24、4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3
25、G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A
26、7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3-5-实验八叶绿体色素的提取和分离1、原理：叶绿体中的色素能溶解在有机溶剂丙酮或无水乙醇提取色素各色素在层析液中的溶解度不同,随层析液在滤纸上扩散速度不同分离色素2、步骤：（1）提取色素研磨（2）制备滤纸条（3）画滤液细线：均匀，直
27、，细，重复若干次（4）分离色素：不能让滤液细线触及层析液7 检验放入带火星的木条试管内气泡产生量丙酮（或无水乙醇）：溶解色素二氧化硅：使研磨充分碳酸钙：防止叶绿素在研磨过程中被破坏过滤文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编
28、码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8
29、 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2
30、ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文
31、档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3
32、X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R
33、2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3-6-酶酶（5）观察和记录:结果滤纸条上从上到下依次为:橙黄色(胡萝卜素)、黄色
34、(叶黄素)、蓝绿色(叶绿素 a)、黄绿色(叶绿素 b).实验九探究酵母菌的呼吸方式1、原理:酵母菌在有氧条件下进行有氧呼吸,产生二氧化碳和水：C6H12O6 6O2 6H2O 6CO2 12H2O 能量在无氧条件下进行无氧呼吸,产生酒精和少量二氧化碳：C6H12O6 2C2H5OH 2CO2 少量能量2、装置：（见课本）3、检测：（1）检测 CO2的产生：使澄清石灰水变浑浊，或使溴麝香草酚蓝水溶液由蓝变绿再变黄。（2）检测酒精的产生：橙色的重铬酸钾溶液，在酸性条件下与酒精发生反应，变成灰绿色。实验十观察细胞的有丝分裂1、材料：洋葱根尖（葱，蒜）2、步骤：（一）洋葱根尖的培养（二）装片的制作制作
35、流程：解离漂洗染色制片1.解离:药液:质量分数为 15%的盐酸,体积分数为 95%的酒精(1:1 混合液).时间:35min.目的:使组织中的细胞相互分离开来.文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X
36、8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2
37、 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3
38、文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C
39、3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2
40、R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8
41、P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3-7-2.漂洗:用清水漂洗约 3min.目的:洗去药液,防止解离过度,并有利于染色.3.染色:用质量浓度
42、为 0.01g/mL 或 0.02g/mL 的龙胆紫溶液(或醋酸洋红液)染色 3 5 min 目的:使染色体着色,利于观察.4.制片:将根尖放在载玻片上,加一滴清水,并用镊子把根尖弄碎,盖上盖玻片,在盖玻片上再加一片载玻片.然后用拇指轻轻地按压载玻片.目的:使细胞分散开来,有利于观察.（三）观察1、先在低倍镜下找到根尖分生区细胞：细胞呈正方形，排列紧密,有的细胞正在分裂。2、换高倍镜下观察：分裂中期分裂前、后、末期分裂间期。（注意各时期细胞内染色体形态和分布的特点）。其中，处于分裂间期的细胞数目最多。实验十一模拟探究细胞表面积与体积的关系原理:NaOH 和酚酞相遇呈紫红色步骤:将含酚酞琼脂块切
43、成三块边长分别为3cm、2cm、1cm 的正方体,放入烧杯内,加入NaOH溶液,10min后取出,用纸巾吸干,用塑料刀将琼脂块切成两半.观察切面,测量每一块上 NaOH 扩散的深度.分析:琼脂块的表面积与体积之比随着琼脂块的增大而减小,NaOH扩散的体积与整个琼脂块的体积之比也随着琼脂块的增大而减小.结论：细胞体积越大，其相对表面积越小，细胞的物质运输的效率就越低。细胞表面积限文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2
44、 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3
45、文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C
46、3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2
47、R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8
48、P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K
49、6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8
50、Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3文档编码:CD3G4K6C3X8 HS1A7V8Y2R2 ZX1I10Z4Y8P3-8-制了细胞的长大。必修二遗传与进化实验十二观察细胞的减数分裂1、目的要求：通过观察蝗虫精母细胞减数分裂固定装片，识别减数分裂不同阶段的染色体的形态、位置和数目，加深对减数分裂过程的理解。2、材料用具：蝗虫精母细胞减数分裂固定装片，显微镜。3、方法步骤：（1）在低倍镜下观察蝗虫精母细胞减数分裂固定装片，识别初级精母细胞、次级精母细胞和精细胞。（2）先在低倍镜下依次找到减数第一次分裂中期、后期和减数第二次分裂中期、后期的细胞，再在高倍镜下仔细观察染色体的形态、位置和数目。4、讨论