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1、1/6 面向对象程序设计课程教案模式改革经验总结安徽广播电视大学梁伍七一、引言中期评估之前,我校加强网络教案的同时,逐步形成了“面授辅导+网络教案+小组学习”的课程教案模式实践模型,该实践模型具有普适性,它没有考虑到具体课程的特点和差异。中期评估之后,我校根据教育部评估专家组提出的整改意见,着力实践教案、素质教育的整改与深化课程教案改革。课程教案改革方面,积极探索并不断完善适合本土特色的教案模式。2004 年 7 月,我省电大总结提炼出“双主为纲,两个课堂,多元互动,立体评价”的课程教案模式的实践框架,该框架在实践上具有较强的可操作性,但是该框架所要求完成的教案环节较多,比如面授辅导、期中考试
2、、课程实践、学生自主学习、网上教案、小组讨论和网上答疑等。由于电大开放教育学员的特点,若要求每位学员都不折不扣地完成上述各教案环节的学习是不现实的,因此,在上述教案模式的基本框架指导下,应该结合具体课程的特点设计相应课程教案模式的实践模型。笔者结合开放教育课程面向对象程序设计的教案模式改革进行了具体实践,根据该课程的特点,我将学员分为四类进行管理和评价,并强化课程上机考试这一教案环节,在2004 年 12 月份的全省电大教案工作会议上,将该课程教案模式的实践模型在全省进行推广,实践证明,该模型的教案实践取得了良好的效果。现将该课程教案模式改革经验总结如下。二、课程教案模式的实践框架面向对象程序
3、设计是电大计算机科学与技术专业必修的一门课程,该课程是后续课程如数据结构、计算机网络等课程的先修课程。以学校“双主为纲,两个课堂,多元互动,立体评价”的课程教案模式的基本框架为指导,本课程教案模式的具体实践总结如下。“双主为纲”指的是学生以自主学习为主,教师以导学为主。我在课程的第一节课安排导学课,根据课程一体化设计方案,介绍课程的基本要求和多种媒体资源情况,通过问卷调查帮助每个学生制定适合自身特点的课程学习计划。改革面授辅导注入式、满堂灌的教案模式,面授辅导主要是梳理教材,透析教材难点和重点,对学生预习、做作业、阅读资料和使用其它媒体进行学习2/6 给予指导,以培养学生自主学习的能力。“多元
4、交互”指的是师生之间,省校与分校,省校与中央电大,三级平台之间的互动。除了面授辅导以外,开展多样化和交互性的教案活动,如积极开展网上实时答疑、在线讨论、电话答疑和直播课堂等实时的交互活动。以网上答疑为例,课程每学期安排至少两次实时答疑。实时答疑不仅面向自己所辅导的教案班,还可以面向全省进行辅导,使得该课程的教案取得了较好的效果。中央电大在线平台的课程答疑记录可以及时导入省校在线平台,省校在线平台的课程信息可以随时下发给分校的在线平台,这保证了三级平台之间的互动。本课程主要是在电大在线的课程答疑区进行答疑,及时解决学生提出的疑问。答疑活动中,我事先确定答疑内容,把一些通常的复习内容如综合练习题、
5、复习题、往届试卷的讲解等上网,这样能激发学员参加网上教案活动的兴趣。通过几年的实践,参加网上答疑活动的人数逐渐增多,学生参加课程网上答疑的积极性有所提高。“两个课堂”指的是传统课堂和虚拟课堂。传统课堂中的集中面授辅导要求教师主要是梳理教材,透析每章重点和难点,帮助学生解决在自主学习的过程中遇到的问题。小组讨论是在电大在线的课程讨论区内完成的,属于虚拟课堂的教案环节。我事先精心设计好小组活动内容和主题,如在课程一体化设计方案中将第一次小组活动安排了三个内容,即工程的多文件结构如何构成,变量和函数的作用域及生存期的概念以及形参和实参的结合方式。小组讨论时,应注意激发学生的参与热情和积极性,打消学生
6、不适应这种学习方式的顾虑和紧张感,以体现对学生的人文关怀。“立体评价”主要指对学生学习效果评价、对教师教案效果评价和对教案资源的应用评价等。本课程形成性考核成绩占15%,形成性考核包括学习内容考核和学习情况考核,学习内容考核主要环节包括课程作业、期中考试和课程实验等,学习情况考核主要环节包括小组讨论、网上答疑和电子邮件等;上机实验考试占15%,要求完成一个指定题目的程序开发,这主要考核学生的实际动手能力;期末笔试占70%,由中央电大统一命题,期末笔试主要考核学生对于课程基本知识和重点和难点的掌握程度。对教师教案效果评价时,以问卷调查法为例,设计的问卷栏目如对教师面授辅导的满意程度、教师是否能及
7、时回文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A
8、2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6
9、V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6
10、A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U
11、3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1
12、K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6
13、E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T13/6 答网上答疑的内容和本课程的多种媒体教案资源是否满意等。三、课程教案模式的实践与探索本课程要求学生在理解课程内容的基础上掌握面向对象程序设计的思想,在以往的教案实践中,发现不少学生并未理解课程所学内容,在实际上机实验时,学生只是机械地将书本上的源程序拿来
14、进行上机实验,而并未理解源程序的实质,所以一旦上机发现错误,学生并不能从根本上去调试源程序,也就达不到排错的目的。所以本课程不仅要求学生多上机练习,更重要的是要求学员理解课程基本概念和知识点,这样上机实验才有更好的效果。笔者根据该课程具有知识点多、内容理解难度大和上机实践要求高的特点,结合课程的考核要求,在具体实践过程中,着重抓了两个方面的教案工作:一方面合理引导不同类的学生完成相应的教案环节;另一方面是严格要求上机实验考试,该环节占课程考核要求的15%,要求完成一个指定题目的程序开发。该课程一体化设计方案中既安排有面授辅导、期中考试和上机实验这种传统的教案环节,又安排了学生自主学习、小组讨论
15、和网上答疑等有开放教育特色的教案环节。电大开放教育学员大都是社会在职人员,工学矛盾比较突出,若要求每个学生都不折不扣地完成上述各个教案环节的学习是不现实的,为此我在平时组织教案的过程中将学生分为四类进行管理和评价,具体见图1。对于这四类学生的特点,面授辅导教师应该合理引导学生完成相应的教案环节的学习任务。比如说对于第一类学生,由于他们自主学习能力较强且有时间参加集中面授辅导,所以我将集中面授辅导这种比较传统的教案环节放在首位引导给学生,而将网上视频资源学习放在最后。图 1:将学生分四类进行管理和评价记 A=自主学习能力较强,B=自主学习能力较弱,C=有时间参加集中面授辅导,D=无时间参加集中面
16、授辅导 第一类学生:AC,第二类学生:AD,第三类学生:BC,第四类学生:BD。文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1
17、F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10
18、A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T
19、1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2
20、U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V
21、10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A
22、1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T14/6 对于该课程的上机实验考试,由于该环节占课程考核要求的15%,考试内容是完成一个指定题目的程序开发,以前采用的考核方法是:事先出5 个左右的编程题目,题目所要求知识的综合性要求不
23、高,让学员在实验室中现场完成2 个左右的题目并在编译环境中调试运行,虽然有部分学生能够正确解答2 个左右的题目,但是发现学员并不能通过该教案环节将所学的知识点串起来,达不到将所学的课程知识点进行综合训练的考核要求。为此,我将本课程上机实验考试教案环节的要求做了如下改革:在上机实验考试的前10 天左右发布考试卷目,考试卷目的综合性要求较高,基本上能够涵盖课程中所介绍的比较重要的知识点,如类的定义和设计,单链表的概念和相关操作,动态空间的申请和释放,输入和输出运算符重载等,在发布考试卷目的同时,给学生做一次专门的面授辅导,面授辅导请参见教案活动实录视频,上机考试时要求学生能够调试源程序并给出正确的
24、运行结果即可。通过以上考核方式的改革,学员普遍反映通过上机实验考试这一教案环节后,以前理解不清楚的概念现在清楚了,以前掌握不熟练的知识现在熟悉了,最可贵的是能够将书本上分散的知识点进行综合应用,去解决现实生活中的一些实际问题,较好地回答了部分学员提出的学习该课程有什么用的疑惑。四、课程教案模式改革效果分析2005 年秋季,我组织了面向全省电大师生的本课程教案支持服务调查,共收到本课程分校评价表10 份以及学生网上调查有效问卷248 份。在分校评价表中,85%的分校课程辅导教师对这种课程教案实践模型表示满意,认为照顾了学生个体差异,体现了以学生“个别化自主学习”为中心的开放教育理念;81%的教师
25、对本课程教案支持服务表示满意,认为课程的一体化设计方案设计合理,课程资源丰富;87%的分校教师对课程总体效果评价表示满意。在学生评价表中,78%的学生对课程上机考核改革表示满意,认为通过上机考核这一教案环节,能够将课本上的重要知识点融会贯通,起到了综合训练的考核要求。83%的学生对本课程网上教案表示满意,认为课程的VOD 点播内容丰富,通过网上课程答疑能解决一些实际问题;83%的学生对课程总体教案效果评价表示满意。文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U
26、3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1
27、K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6
28、E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV
29、8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8
30、C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4
31、R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:
32、CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T15/6 另外,为体现该课程教案实践模型的实际效果,我选取了校本部开放教育学院和全省其它分校2004 年至 2005 年的学生期末考试合成合格率数据(不含缺考学员),对这四个学期的数据进行了比较分析,分析图表见图2。在开放教育学院,本课程的教案模式实践模型在上述两个年度均进行了实践,其它分校只是在 2005 年度才进行了实践。图表显示,开放教育学院的期末考试合格率均能维持在 70%以上,在全省其它分校,2004 年度两个学期的期末考试合格率均较
33、低,通过本课程教案模式在全省推广以后,2005 年度两个学期的期末考试合格率有较大幅度上升,并分别超过了开放教育学院,如果排除考试试卷和其它客观因素的影响,期末考试合格率的提升,课程教案模式实践模型在全省的推广和应用应该起到了至关重要的作用。图2:开放教育学院和全省其它分校2004年至2005年的学生期末考试合成合格率(不含缺考人数)71%65%74%70%72%84%95%97%0%20%40%60%80%100%120%开放教育学院全省其它分校2004年上半年2004年下半年2005年上半年2005年下半年五、存在的问题和改进的方向1.分类教案中,第四种学员比较难以管理和评价。虽然我将个别
34、化学习辅导放在首位引导给该类学员,但是该类学员自主学习能力较弱,又无时间参加集中面授辅导,个别化学习辅导的时间不能充分得到保证,个别化学习辅导的效果也难以保障。以后的教案实践中,该类学员是需要重点关注的,要加强对该类学员个别化学习辅导的细心和耐心。2.形成性考核的过程如何进行监控,防止学员在形成性考核教案环节中的作弊现象是值得关注的问题。虽然针对四类学生有不同的形成性考核方案,方案也比较科学,操作性也较强,但对学员形成性考核的过程缺乏有效监督。今文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R
35、6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:C
36、V8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT
37、8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ
38、4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码
39、:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7
40、HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6
41、ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T16/6 后应进一步调整形成性考核的评价体系,加强对形成性考核过程的监督,确保课程教案的实际效果。文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E
42、6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8
43、U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C
44、1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R
45、6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:C
46、V8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT
47、8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1文档编码:CV8U3A2U1F7 HT8C1K6V10A6 ZJ4R6E6A1T1