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1、初一上学期数学知识点总结：有理数|精.|品.|可.|编.|辑.|学.|习.|资.|料.*|*|*|*|欢.|迎.|下.|载.第 1 页，共 4 页第 2 页初一上学期数学知识点总结：有理数除了课堂上的学习外,数学知识点也是学生提高数学成绩的重要途径，本文为大家提供了初一上学期数学知识点总结：有理数，希望对大家的学习有一定帮助。1.1 正数与负数在以前学过的0 以外的数前面加上负号的数叫负数(negative number)。与负数具有相反意义，即以前学过的0 以外的数叫做正数(positive number)(根据需要，有时在正数前面也加上+)。1.2 有理数正整数、0、负整数统称整数(int
2、eger)，正分数和负分数统称分数(fraction)。整数和分数统称有理数(rational number)。通常用一条直线上的点表示数，这条直线叫数轴(number axis)。数轴三要素：原点、正方向、单位长度。在直线上任取一个点表示数0，这个点叫做原点(origin)。只有符号不同的两个数叫做互为相反数(opposite number)。(例：2 的相反数是-2;0的相反数是0)数轴上表示数a 的点与原点的距离叫做数a 的绝对值(absolute value),记作|a|。一个正数的绝对值是它本身;一个负数的绝对值是它的相反|精.|品.|可.|编.|辑.|学.|习.|资.|料.*|*|
3、*|*|欢.|迎.|下.|载.第 2 页，共 4 页文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2
4、I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7
5、H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2
6、I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7
7、H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2
8、I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7
9、H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3第 3 页数;0 的绝对值是0。两个负数，绝对值大的反而小。1.3 有理数的加减法有理数加法法那么：1.同号两数相加，取相同的符号，并把绝对值相加。2.绝对值不相等的异号两数相加，取绝对值较大的加数的符号，并用较大的绝对值减去较小的绝对值。互为相反数的两个数相加得0。3.一个数同 0 相加，仍得这个数。有理
10、数减法法那么：减去一个数，等于加这个数的相反数。1.4 有理数的乘除法有理数乘法法那么：两数相乘，同号得正，异号得负，并把绝对值相乘。任何数同0 相乘，都得0。乘积是 1 的两个数互为倒数。有理数除法法那么：除以一个不等于0 的数，等于乘这个数的倒数。两数相除，同号得正，异号得负，并把绝对值相除。0 除以任何一个不等于0 的数，都得0。m 求 n 个相同因数的积的运算，叫乘方，乘方的结果叫幂(power)。在 a 的 n 次方中，a 叫做底数(base number)，n叫做指数(exponent)。负数的奇次幂是负数，负数的偶次幂是正数。正数的任何次幂都是正数，0 的任何次幂都是0。|精.|
11、品.|可.|编.|辑.|学.|习.|资.|料.*|*|*|*|欢.|迎.|下.|载.第 3 页，共 4 页文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB
12、7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T
13、1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB
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15、1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB
16、7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T
17、1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3第 4 页把一个大于10 的数表示成a10 的 n 次方的形式，使用的就是科学计数法。从一个数的左边第一个非0 数字起，到末位数字止，所有数字都是这个数的有效数字(significant digit)。小编为大家整理的初一上学期数学知识点总结：有理数相关
18、内容大家一定要牢记，以便不断提高自己的数学成绩，祝大家学习愉快!|精.|品.|可.|编.|辑.|学.|习.|资.|料.*|*|*|*|欢.|迎.|下.|载.第 4 页，共 4 页文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O
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20、9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O7M7H8 HO9F6W7H6T1 ZS9U2I8A5P3文档编码:CB7Z4O
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