商务英语翻译教程第5单元 教案.doc

上传人:飞****2 文档编号:56411824 上传时间:2022-11-01 格式:DOC 页数:12 大小:48.50KB
返回 下载 相关 举报
商务英语翻译教程第5单元 教案.doc_第1页
第1页 / 共12页
商务英语翻译教程第5单元 教案.doc_第2页
第2页 / 共12页
点击查看更多>>
资源描述

《商务英语翻译教程第5单元 教案.doc》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《商务英语翻译教程第5单元 教案.doc(12页珍藏版)》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。

1、商务英语翻译教程 教案第五单元I、教学学习目的与要求通过本单元的学习,掌握商务合同中多重从句的翻译方法,正反翻译法;了解国际商务合同中的翻译与解读,及合同中的各项专业术语的意义及其翻译。II.教学时间:4学时III.教学重难点:1.商务合同中长句的翻译2.国际商务合同种类的特点3.正反法IV.教学内容:Section I TextSection II Method and TechniqueSection III Exercises V教学方法与手段:讲授为主,配以师生互动实训,PPT等。VI. 教学步骤一、商务合同中长句的翻译(2)(重点)应用:1.复合从句的翻译法;顺译法 2.正反翻译法:

2、正说反译;反说正译长句的主要翻译方法(1)顺译法(2)逆译法(3)变序法(4)分译法(5)转句译法(6)综合法 顺译法:按时间的先后顺序,逻辑的先后安排来翻译。这种译法与汉语的表达顺序基本相同,可顺译而为。 当英语长句内容的叙述层次与汉语基本一致时,可采用顺译法。 顺译法一般适用于英语句子的逻辑思维顺序和表达法与汉语类似的情况。)顺译法You may have to make or receive calls to or from regular customers and prospective customers, so a good telephone manner not only m

3、akes an impression in business, but also helps to make money.合并法词类转换有时你可能必须与老客户或潜在的客户通电话,因此,礼貌地接打电话不仅可以给业务伙伴留下好印象,而且还能帮你赚钱。句法转换The statement declared that the international economic order must be changed or the gap between developed and developing countries would continue to widen.声明宣称:国际经济秩序必须改变,否则

4、发达国家与发展中国家之间的差距将继续扩大。逆译法就是有些英语长句的表达顺序与汉语表达习惯不同,甚至完全相反,这时必须按原文从后到前的顺序进行翻译。)逆译法 英语句子通常是先主句后从句,时间状语放在句子后部;在表达逻辑顺序时结果在先,原因在后;推论在先,条件在后;事实在先,让步在后。而汉语句子多数为先从句后主句,时间状语置于句首;逻辑顺序时先因后果,先条件后推论,先让步后转折。It can be frustrating that you have to rely on other people to translate your ideas into reality. 如果你必须依靠别人把你的想

5、法变成现实,那将是一件沮丧的事。He was puzzled that I did not want the job that was obviously a “step” toward what all Americans are taught to want when they grow up: money and power.所有美国人接受的教育都是长大后如何追求金钱和权力,这份工作明明是迈向该目标的“一大步”,而我却偏偏不要,他对此大惑不解。 原句若结构复杂,某些成分的顺序与汉语习惯不同,可以局部改变其表达顺序。 )变序法In August 1974, the Institute wa

6、s instructed to carry on its research on condition that the result of which did have a usefulness for market forecast. 英语原文中的 on condition that 引导一个条件状语从句,结果在先,条件在后。但在汉语译文中,为了符合汉语的习惯,将条件提前,结果放后。 1974 年 8 月研究所接到指示说,如果研究成果能应用于市场预测,则研究工作可继续进行。A World Bank report released at the time of the conference,

7、which ended on 10 November, insists that Vietnams overall growth will depend more on its own policies than on the volume of external financing.英语中的后置定语短语和定语从句如果较短,在译成汉语时经常放在中心词的前面。在11月10日结束的会议上披露了世界银行的一份报告。报告反复强调越南经济的全面增长将更主要地取决于其本国的政策,而不是外来资金的数量。 有时英语长句主句与从句、中心词与修饰词的关系并不十分密切,翻译时可以按照汉语多用短句的习惯,把长句的从句

8、或短语化成句子,分开来叙述。为了使语意连贯,有时需要适当增加词语。 可以拆分的长句通常带有从句、较多短语或较多并列成分。有时意义比较复杂的形容词或副词也可被译为短句,甚至拆分成独立的句子。这些从句、短语或并列结构等成分分拆出来后,单独译成句子,对句子主干部分进行补充说明。 4)分译法The very important oil industry, which has done much to rejuvenate(使充满活力) the economy of the South since the end of World War , made considerable headway espe

9、cially in the five states of Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma and Texas.该句原文的主语中含有一个定语从句,如果将其译成汉语的前置定语,会显得头重脚轻,因而将其拆开来译成独立的句子。第二次世界大战以后石油工业对振兴南部经济起了很大的作用。这个十分重要的工业部门在阿肯色、路易斯安那、密西西比、俄克拉荷马和得克萨斯这五个州中取得了尤其显著的进展。转句译法即把长句中的某些词,词组转移成句子。5)转句译法Pressure of work has somewhat delayed our tour; anyway,

10、 another hours ride will bring us to the village.由于工作很忙,行程稍迟了一些;不管怎样,只要再行车一小时,我们就可以到达那个小村庄。(主语转句)After an hour, the trail took them by a low, spreading tree strung thickly with beads.走了一个小时,他们走到了一个矮矮的枝繁叶茂的树旁,树上密密麻麻地挂满了念珠。(定语转句)在翻译实践中处理英语长句时,有时单单地使用上述一种翻译方法难以奏效,而须将上述各种方法综合起来,或按时间顺序、或按逻辑顺序,顺逆结合、主次分明地对

11、全句进行综合处理,以便把英语原文翻译成通顺忠实的汉语句子。5)综合法I would like to point out, however, that our contract does state quite clearly that in the event of unforeseen circumstances, we cannot be held liable if we are unable to meet agreed delivery dates.该句原文首先是含有一个宾语从句的复合句,这个宾语从句中又包含另一个宾语从句,而后一个宾语从句后面又套着一个条件状语从句。然而我想要指出:

12、我们双方的合同中已经明确规定,如果由于不可预见的因素我方无法按合同约定期限交货,我方将不负法律责任。Some economists argue that, because of uncertainties about whether and how the relationship between growth and inflation has changed, and because forecasters have consistently overestimated inflation and underestimated growth in recent years, the Fed

13、eral Reserve Board is still right to play safe until more data confirm that inflation is reviving.该句可以分成四个层次:1. 主干成分是Some economists argue that the Federal Reserve Board is still right to play safe。2. 在主干成分中,包含一个宾语从句that the Federal Reserve Board is still right to play safe。3. 主干成分还带有两个附加成分,一是由and连接

14、的并列成分:because of and becausein recent years;二是时间状语until more data confirm that inflation is reviving。4. 第三个层次的并列成分中,前一个原因状语中含有一个介词宾语从句whether and how the relationship between growth and inflation has changed。一些经济学家认为:由于无法确定经济增长与通货膨胀之间的关系是否改变以及如何改变,而且由于近年来预测家一直高估通货膨胀而低估经济增长,因此,在更多的数据证明通货膨胀正卷土重来之前,美联储

15、谨慎行动,这种做法还是正确的。正反译法 英语和汉语中往往均可用肯定形式或否定形式表达同一概念。但由于讲英语国家的历史、地理、社会文化背景和生活习性与我国不同,因此这些国家人们的思维方式与我们有时存在很大差异。这种差别体现在语言习惯上,便产生了两种语言各自独特的表达形式。在表示否定意义时,这种差异显得尤为突出。英语的否定表达是一个常见而又比较复杂的问题。有的英语句子形式上是否定的而实质上肯定的,有的形式上是肯定的而实质上是否定的。鉴于此,我们在翻译某些含有否定意义的英文句子时,应当特别注意两点:一是英语里有些从正面表达的词语或句子,汉译时可以从反面来表达,即正说反译法(negation);二是英

16、语里有些从反面表达的词语或句子,汉译时可从正面来表达,即反说正译法(affirmation)。例如:。 第七节 正反译法(1) Wet paint! Keep upright! 油漆未干! 切勿倒置!(2) I wrote three books in the first two years, a record never reached before.我头两年写了三本书,打破了以往的记录。原文从反面表达,译文从正面表达。如译成“这是他从前从未达到的记录”则显得很别扭。(3) I have read your articles, but I expect to meet an older ma

17、n.我读过你的文章,但没料到你这样年轻。本句如译成“我读过你文章,但我料想会见到一个年纪更大的人”则不符合汉语表达习惯。第七节 正反译法(4) A radar screen is not unlike a television.雷达荧光屏跟电视荧光屏一样。本句如果译成“雷达荧光屏不是不像电视荧光屏一样”则不够通顺。从以上四例中,我们可以看到,有些句子从正面译不顺,不妨从反面译;反面译不顺,则不妨从正面译,因为同一个概念,一个民族正着说,以为是合乎表达习惯的,而另一个民族则认为反着说才顺嘴。因此,在恰当的场合灵活运用正反译法不失为确保译文语义明晰、文从字顺的有效手段。正反译法适用的范围很广,不仅

18、包括动词、名词、形容词、副词、介词、连词等不同词类,而且还包括一些词组或短语以及从句等。下面分别予以举例说明。一、正说反译法 英语中有些否定概念是通过含有否定意义或近似否定意义的词来表达的。这类词从词形上看是肯定式;从词义上看,它们大多数是某些词的反义词,通过长期的历史演变,这些曾完全作为反义词用的词义又引申出其他否定的词义。一些语言学家称之为“含蓄否定词”,另一些语言学家则称之为“暗指否定词”。英语中的含蓄否定词或含蓄否定短语一般都要译成汉语的否定词组。当然,必要时其中有些词语还需加以词类转换。 一、 正说反译法 (一)动词或动词短语 English differs from French

19、in having no gender for nouns. 英语和法语不同,英语名词没有性的变化。 (2) Scientists reject authority as an ultimate basis for truth. 科学家不承认权威是真理的最后根据。 类似的动词还有refuse(不愿;不肯;无法),lack(缺乏;没有),defy(不服从;不遵守;不让),forbid(不许),stop(不准)和ignore(不理;不肯考虑)等。 (3) I regret to learn that you have failed in the examination. 得知你未能通过考试,深表遗

20、憾。(4) Water is a good lubricant, if you can devise a way to keep it from leaking out or evaporating. 如果能设法使水不漏出来或不蒸发掉,那么水就是一种很好的润滑剂。(5) On Sunday Jim idles away his time. 星期天吉姆无所事事。(二)名词 There was complete absence of information on the oil deposit in this area. 关于该地区的石油储量情况,人们毫无所知。 (2) Shortness of

21、time has required the omission of some states. 由于时间不够,没能访问某些国家。 作为名词用的含蓄否定词还有:defiance(不顾;无视),denial(否认;否定),exclusion(排除),freedom(不;免除),refusal(不愿;不允许)和loss(失去)等。 一、 正说反译法 (3) A lack of awareness of cultural differences or local customs can create problems. 不注意文化差异或当地习俗可能会产生问题。(4) How can machines w

22、ork in the absence of electricity? 没有电时,机器如何运转?(三)形容词或形容词短语 (1) We were watching the fluid situation with concern. 我们关切地注视着动荡不安的局面。 (2) He would be the last man to say such things. 他绝不可能说这种话。 类似的形容词及其短语absent(不在;不到),awkward(不熟练;不灵活;使用起来不方便),bad(令人不愉快的;不受欢迎的;不舒服的),blind(看不到;不注意),dead(无生命的;无感觉的;不毛的),d

23、ifficult(不容易的),foreign to(不适合的;与无关),short of(不够),和poor(不好的;不幸的)等。 一、 正说反译法 (3) The explanation is pretty thin. 这种解释理由很不充分。(4) It would be the most disastrous if even a rumor of it were given out. 甚至只要有一点风声泄露出去,其结果就不堪设想。(5) Worm gear(涡轮) drives are quiet and vibration free. 涡轮传动没有噪音,没有震动。(6) “It was

24、the most influential private group,” says one of the founder members. 该组织的创始人之一说:“这个组织曾是影响最大的非官方集团。(四)介词或介词词组 (1) It was beyond his power to sign such a contract. 他无权签订这种合同。 (2) But that is very extraordinary. It seems against nature. 不过那件事很不寻常,似乎不符合自然规律。 一、 正说反译法 (3) She modeled between roles. 她不演戏

25、时当模特儿。(4) Only one of them has ever gone to live in the country and he was back in town within six months. 他们中只有一个真正在乡下生活过,不过这个人不到半年就返回了城里。(五)副词 (1) The subversion attempts proved predictably futile. 不出所料,颠覆活动证明毫无效果。 (2) Slowly he pulled the letter out of the envelope, and unfolded it. 他不慌不忙地从信封里抽出信

26、纸,把它打开。 一、 正说反译法 (3) Time is what we want most, but what many use worst. 时间是我们最缺少的,但偏偏许多人最不善于利用时间。 (4) You can safely say so. 你这样说不错。(5) The relay(继电器) acted vainly due to negligible current. 电流太小,继电器不能启动。(六)连接词及其短语 He would rather be buried with his money under a mountain of rock than trust another

27、 bank. 他宁可和他的钱一起被埋入石山下,也不愿再去相信任何一家银行了。 (2) She is too careful not to have noticed it. 她那么小心,不会不注意到这一点的。 一、 正说反译法 (3) Until she spoke I had not realized she was foreign. 她要是不说话,我还一直不知道她是外国人。 (4) Wear your coat or youll catch cold. 穿上大衣,不然你会着凉的。(5) Unless England improve their game, theyre going to lo

28、se the match. 英格兰队如果不改进打法,就会输掉这场比赛。(七)某些固定短语 (1) The escaped criminal is still at large. 逃犯仍未捉拿归案。 (2) There are many energy sources in store. The problem has been to use the energy at a reasonable cost. 有许多能源尚未开发。问题始终是要以一个合理的代价利用这些能源。 (3) I was at a loss to understand what he alluded to. 我无法领会到他谈话中

29、所指的是什么。 (4) The hotel was anything but satisfactory. 这家旅馆太不让人满意了。 (5) The islanders found themselves far from ready to fight the war. 岛民们发现自己远远没有做好作战准备。 一、 正说反译法 (八)句子 (1) His grandmother is already 80, but she carries her years lightly. 他祖母已80岁了,可是并不显老。 (2) I am wiser than to believe such stories.

30、我还不至于蠢到竟然相信这种谎言。 (九)某些含有否定意义的谚语和警句 (1) Better to reign in hell than serve in heaven. 宁为鸡头,不为牛后。 (2) Seeing is believing. 百闻不如一见。 (3) Bite off more than one can chew. 贪多嚼不烂。 (九)某些含有否定意义的谚语和警句 (4) Let sleeping dog lie. 莫惹是生非。 (5) A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. 双鸟在林不如一鸟在手。 (6) Call a spad

31、e a spade. 直言不讳。 二、反说正译法 英语中有些与not等否定词连用的词语或带有否定词缀的词语,有时可以译成汉语的肯定形式。这样做有时是为了将原文中某些否定形式所具有的肯定含义清楚地表达出来;有时也许是为了将译文组织得更加自然流畅。当然,这两种目的也常常兼而有之。 二、反说正译法 (一)动词 英语中有些作反面表达的动词在译文中往往可以从正面表达。 I rode around with him one day seeing how the ships unloaded. 一天,我和他乘车转了转,看看船如何卸货。 (2) The man jumped over a neighborin

32、g garden wall and disappeared among the crowds. 这个家伙从邻居的花园墙头上翻了出去,在人群中消失了。 (二)名词 (1) The machine has two serious disadvantages. 那台机器有两个严重缺陷。 (2) The dishonesty of the city officials was exposed by the newspaper. 市政府官员们的欺诈行为在报纸上披露出来。 (三)形容词 Bill is too indecisive to make a good leader. 比尔优柔寡断,当不了好领导。

33、(2) This kind of birds is unusual winter visitors to China.这种鸟冬季很少到中国来。二、反说正译法 (四)副词 (1) It is invariably wet when I take my holidays. 我休假时总是下雨。 (2) The sea was, unfortunately, very rough that day. 可惜,那天的海浪很大。 (五)短语 (1) To be or not to be, that is the question. 生存还是毁灭,这是需要考虑的。 (2) There is nothing l

34、ike mineral water to quench ones thirst. 矿泉水是解渴的最好饮料。 二、反说正译法 (3) Her escape was nothing short of being miraculous. 她的脱险可以说是个奇迹。 (六)句子 (1) For many years there was no closeness between the two countries. 两国关系曾疏远了许多年。 二、反说正译法 (2) The significance of these incidents wasnt lost on us. 这些事件引起了我们的注意。 正反法

35、 P 65 Categories of International Business Contracts国际商务合同种类的翻译与解读(次重点) P64识记:下列专业术语的中英文对应名称Contract for International Sale of Goods国际货物销售合同Contract for International Technology Transfer国际技术转让合同Contract for Sino-foreign Joint Venture中外合资经营企业合同Contract for Sino-foreign Contractual Joint ventures中外合作经

36、营企业合同Contract for International Engineering Projects国际工程承包合同Contract for Compensation Trades补偿贸易合同Contract for Sino-foreign Cooperative Development of Natural Resources中外合作开采自然资源合同Contract for Foreign Labor Services涉外劳务合同Contract for International Leasing Affairs国际租赁合同Contract for Sino-foreign Credi

37、ts and Loans涉外信贷合同Contract for International Build-Operate-Transfer国际BOT项目投资合同Contract for Introduction of Complete Plant and Technology成套设备技术引进合同理解:主要国际商务合同种类的特点三、识记:科技专业的合同术语(一般)“验收”指买方对在性能考核中达到附件或合同中规定的各项保证值的合同设备的接受。“Acceptance” means the Buyer accepts the Contract Equipment after it reaches the

38、technical performance and guarantee indices specified in technical Appendix in the Performance Test, or otherwise as in the Contract.“调试”指合同设备的首次带料生产“Commissioning“ refers to the initial production of the Contract Equipment with raw materials and utilities. “合同设备”指卖方提供的生产线、设备、零部件、专用工具、材料和其他卖方在附件中所描述

39、的组成部分。“Contract Equipment” means the production line, equipment, spare parts, special tools, materials or any part thereof supplied by the Seller details of which are specified in Appendix. “合同价格”指本合同所列为完全达到合同规定的性能而付给卖方的价款。“Contract Price” means the price payable to the Seller under the Contract for

40、 full and proper performance of contractual obligations, of which are specified in the Contract. “合同生效日期”“Effective Date of the Contract” “商检部门”指中国国家质量监督检验检疫总局在或临近卸货港口和/或安装现场的分支机构。“Inspection Authorities” refers to the local inspection branch of the State General Administration of the Peoples Republ

41、ic of China for Quality Supervision and Inspection and Quarantine (AQSIQ) located at / near the Port of unloading and / or the Job Site “安装”指按照合同设备的设计图纸进行组装、连接和零件就位的安装工作。“Installation” refers to the erection work including assembly, connecting and placing the parts to its position according to the d

42、esign drawings of all the Contract Equipment.“工作现场”指合同设备所在地。“Job Site” means the place where the Contract Equipment is located. “性能考核”指为检查合同设备能否达到附件中规定的技术性能保证指标而进行的考核。“Performance Test” means the test conducted pursuant to Appendix, in order to examine whether the Contract Equipment have achieved th

43、e technical performance and guarantee indices. “技术文件”指技术指标、规格、图纸以及与卖方提供合同设备的设计、检验、安装、试车、性能考核、操作和维修相关的文件,详见附件。“Technical Documentation” means the technical indices, specifications, drawings and document related to design, inspection, installation, Test Run, Commissioning, Performance Test, operation

44、and maintenance of the Contract Equipment to be delivered by the Seller, details of which is specified in Appendix. “技术服务”指卖方向买方提供的在安装、试车、性能考核方面与合同设备相关的技术指导、协助和监督。详见附件。“Technical Service” means the technical instruction, assistance and supervision rendered by the Seller to the Buyer with respect to

45、Installation, Test Run, Commissioning, Performance Test, related to the Contract Equipment, details are specified in Appendix. “技术培训” 指卖方向买方提供的在安装、试车、性能考核、操作、维修方面与合同设备相关的培训。详见附件。“Technical Training” means the training rendered by the Seller to the Buyer with respect to Installation, Test Run,Commiss

46、ioning, Performance Test, operation, maintenance related to the Contract Equipment, details of which are specified in Appendix. “质量保证期”指验收之后,卖方保证合同设备正常、稳定运行并负责消除合同设备的任何缺陷的一段时期。“Warranty Period” shall mean a period starting from the date of Acceptance, during which the Seller is responsible for elimi

47、nating any defects under .课后练习答案 I. 短文翻译1) 在合同签字后12年内,买方不得全部或部分地披露按本合同所获得的专有技术、技术资料和其他情况。但买方有权将上述内容提供给为本合同工厂工作或与本合同工厂有关的人员。对专有技术、技术资料和其他情报已经公开的部分,买方不再承担保密义务。2) 若由卖方负责消除缺陷,买方应按卖方要求,向卖方提供必需的人员、安装工具和吊车等。由此而产生的费用由卖方负担。消除缺陷应尽快进行,卖方应尽最大努力使合同工厂的建设进度不受其影响。课后练习答案 3) 安装期间,卖方技术人员须参加全部设备安装质量的检查和测试。双方各自授权一名代表,处理合同工厂从安装到验收期间有关合同工厂的全部技术工作。双方代表如有分岐意见应友好地协商解决。当不能解决时,可报请双方的上级处理。2. 1)最简单的方法是商家通过一个单独的电话或者传真收集信用卡信

展开阅读全文
相关资源
相关搜索

当前位置:首页 > 教育专区 > 教案示例

本站为文档C TO C交易模式,本站只提供存储空间、用户上传的文档直接被用户下载,本站只是中间服务平台,本站所有文档下载所得的收益归上传人(含作者)所有。本站仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对上载内容本身不做任何修改或编辑。若文档所含内容侵犯了您的版权或隐私,请立即通知淘文阁网,我们立即给予删除!客服QQ:136780468 微信:18945177775 电话:18904686070

工信部备案号:黑ICP备15003705号© 2020-2023 www.taowenge.com 淘文阁