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1、2022年职称英语-理工-B类每日一练06-19-职称英语-理工-B类Bill Gates: Unleashing Your CreativityIve always been an optimist and I suppose it is rooted in1 my belief that the power of creativity and intelligence can make the world a better place.For as long as I can remember, Ive loved learning new things and solving probl
2、ems. So when I sat down at a computer for the first time in seventh grade, I was hooked. It was a clunky old teletype machine and it could barely do anything compared to the computers we have today.2But it changed my life.When my friend Paul Allen and I started Microsoft30 years ago，we had a vision
3、of “a computer on every desk and in every home”, which probably sounded a little too optimistic at a time when most computers were the size of refrigerators. But we believed that personal computers would change the world .And they have.And after 30 years, Im still as inspired by computers as I was b
4、ack in seventh grade.I believe that computers are the most incredible tool we can use to feed our curiosity and inventiveness to help us solve problems that even the smartest people couldnt solve on their own.Computers have transformed how we learn，giving kids everywhere a window into all of the wor
5、lds knowledge. Theyre helping us build communities around the things we care about and to stay close to the people who are important to us, no matter where they are.3Like my friend Warren Buffett, I feel particularly lucky to do something every day that I love to do. He calls it “tap-dancing towork”
6、4. My job at Microsoft is as challenging as ever, but what makes me “tap-dancing to work” is when we show people something new, like a computer that can recognize your handwriting or your speech, or one that can store a lifetimes worth of photos, and they say, “I didnt know you could do that with a
7、PC5! ”But for all the cool things that a person can do with a PC，there are lots of other ways we can put our creativity and intelligence to work to improve our world6. There are still far too many people in the world whose most basic needs go unmet7. Every year, for example, millions of people die f
8、rom diseases that are easy to prevent or treat in the developed world.I believe that my own good fortune brings with it a responsibility to give back to the world. My wife, Melinda, and I have committed to8 improving health and education in a way that can help as many people as possible.As a father,
9、 I believe that the death of a child in Africa is no less poignant or tragic than9 the death of a child anywhere else, and that it doesnt take much to make an immense difference in these childrens lives10.Im still very much an optimist, and I believe that progress on even the worlds toughest problem
10、s is possible and its happening every day. Were seeing new drugs for deadly diseases, new diagnostic tools，and new attention paid to the health problems in the developing world.Im excited by the possibilities I see for medicine, for education and, of course, for technology. And I believe that throug
11、h our natural inventiveness, creativity and willingness to solve tough problems, were going to make some amazing achievements in all these areas in my lifetime.词汇：unleash/ nli: / vt.解开;放纵;使自由inspire/ nspa(r) / vt.鼓舞optimist/Dptmst/ n.乐观主义者incredible/ nkredbl/ adj.难以置信的clunky(clonky) /klnk/ adj.发出沉闷金
12、属声的curiosity/kjurDst/ n.好奇心inventivenessn.发明创造的能力teletype/teltap/ (teletype-writer) n.电传打字机poignant/ pnjnt / adj.令人悲痛的，可怜的tragic/trdk/ adj.悲剧的，悲惨的vision/vn/ n.想象;幻想;美景immense/Imens/ adj.巨大的注释：1.be rooted in：扎根于;深深地存在于2.It was a clunky old teletype machine and it could barely do anything compared to
13、the computers we have today.那是一台笨重的旧式电传打字机，跟我们今天的电脑相比几乎干不了什么事。本句中，barely意为almost not; compare to在美国英语中也可以等同于compare with(与相比)。3.Theyre helping us build communities around the things we care about and to stay close to the people who are important to us, no matter where they are.电脑帮助我们就我们所关心的事情建立一个交流的
14、场所，并且与那些我们认为对我们有重要意义的人密切相处，不管他们身在何处。care about指不管喜欢或不喜欢的事情都很关心、介意、在乎、计较。4.“tap-dancing to work”：“跳着踢踏舞工作”。tap原意是“叩击、轻敲”;tap dance是“踢踏舞”。这里实际意思是“(手指)轻轻敲击键盘的工作”。5.PC (personal computer)：个人计算机6.But for all the cool things that a person can do with a PC, there are lots of other ways we can put our creat
15、ivity and intelligence to work to improve our world.除了我们能用计算机做的所有神奇的事情，还有很多其他方式发挥我们的创造力和智慧，从而使世界更加美好。7.go unmet：得不到满足。在这里go是系动词，unmet是过去分词作表语。mit to此处意为承诺，保证做某事。9.no less. than：和 一样，不亚于10. and that it doesnt take much to make an immense difference in these childrens lives.而且要改善这些孩子们的命运，其实不难。此处it是形式主
16、语，真正的主语是不定式短语to make an immense difference in these childrens lives。1、Bill Gates and his wife consider it their duty to help the poor better their health and education as much as possible.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentionedBill Gates: Unleashing Your CreativityIve always been an optimist and I suppose
17、it is rooted in1 my belief that the power of creativity and intelligence can make the world a better place.For as long as I can remember, Ive loved learning new things and solving problems. So when I sat down at a computer for the first time in seventh grade, I was hooked. It was a clunky old telety
18、pe machine and it could barely do anything compared to the computers we have today.2But it changed my life.When my friend Paul Allen and I started Microsoft30 years ago，we had a vision of “a computer on every desk and in every home”, which probably sounded a little too optimistic at a time when most
19、 computers were the size of refrigerators. But we believed that personal computers would change the world .And they have.And after 30 years, Im still as inspired by computers as I was back in seventh grade.I believe that computers are the most incredible tool we can use to feed our curiosity and inv
20、entiveness to help us solve problems that even the smartest people couldnt solve on their own.Computers have transformed how we learn，giving kids everywhere a window into all of the worlds knowledge. Theyre helping us build communities around the things we care about and to stay close to the people
21、who are important to us, no matter where they are.3Like my friend Warren Buffett, I feel particularly lucky to do something every day that I love to do. He calls it “tap-dancing towork”4. My job at Microsoft is as challenging as ever, but what makes me “tap-dancing to work” is when we show people so
22、mething new, like a computer that can recognize your handwriting or your speech, or one that can store a lifetimes worth of photos, and they say, “I didnt know you could do that with a PC5! ”But for all the cool things that a person can do with a PC，there are lots of other ways we can put our creati
23、vity and intelligence to work to improve our world6. There are still far too many people in the world whose most basic needs go unmet7. Every year, for example, millions of people die from diseases that are easy to prevent or treat in the developed world.I believe that my own good fortune brings wit
24、h it a responsibility to give back to the world. My wife, Melinda, and I have committed to8 improving health and education in a way that can help as many people as possible.As a father, I believe that the death of a child in Africa is no less poignant or tragic than9 the death of a child anywhere el
25、se, and that it doesnt take much to make an immense difference in these childrens lives10.Im still very much an optimist, and I believe that progress on even the worlds toughest problems is possible and its happening every day. Were seeing new drugs for deadly diseases, new diagnostic tools，and new
26、attention paid to the health problems in the developing world.Im excited by the possibilities I see for medicine, for education and, of course, for technology. And I believe that through our natural inventiveness, creativity and willingness to solve tough problems, were going to make some amazing ac
27、hievements in all these areas in my lifetime.词汇：unleash/ nli: / vt.解开;放纵;使自由inspire/ nspa(r) / vt.鼓舞optimist/Dptmst/ n.乐观主义者incredible/ nkredbl/ adj.难以置信的clunky(clonky) /klnk/ adj.发出沉闷金属声的curiosity/kjurDst/ n.好奇心inventivenessn.发明创造的能力teletype/teltap/ (teletype-writer) n.电传打字机poignant/ pnjnt / adj.令人
28、悲痛的，可怜的tragic/trdk/ adj.悲剧的，悲惨的vision/vn/ n.想象;幻想;美景immense/Imens/ adj.巨大的注释：1.be rooted in：扎根于;深深地存在于2.It was a clunky old teletype machine and it could barely do anything compared to the computers we have today.那是一台笨重的旧式电传打字机，跟我们今天的电脑相比几乎干不了什么事。本句中，barely意为almost not; compare to在美国英语中也可以等同于compare
29、 with(与相比)。3.Theyre helping us build communities around the things we care about and to stay close to the people who are important to us, no matter where they are.电脑帮助我们就我们所关心的事情建立一个交流的场所，并且与那些我们认为对我们有重要意义的人密切相处，不管他们身在何处。care about指不管喜欢或不喜欢的事情都很关心、介意、在乎、计较。4.“tap-dancing to work”：“跳着踢踏舞工作”。tap原意是“叩击
30、、轻敲”;tap dance是“踢踏舞”。这里实际意思是“(手指)轻轻敲击键盘的工作”。5.PC (personal computer)：个人计算机6.But for all the cool things that a person can do with a PC, there are lots of other ways we can put our creativity and intelligence to work to improve our world.除了我们能用计算机做的所有神奇的事情，还有很多其他方式发挥我们的创造力和智慧，从而使世界更加美好。7.go unmet：得不到
31、满足。在这里go是系动词，unmet是过去分词作表语。mit to此处意为承诺，保证做某事。9.no less. than：和 一样，不亚于10. and that it doesnt take much to make an immense difference in these childrens lives.而且要改善这些孩子们的命运，其实不难。此处it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语to make an immense difference in these childrens lives。2、Bill Gates will leave only a small portion of
32、 his wealth for his children.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentionedWashoe Learned American Sign Language1An animal that influenced scientific thought has died. A chimpanzee named Washoe and born in Africa died of natural causes late last month at the age of 42 at a research center in the American state of
33、 Washington. Washoe had become known in the scientific community1and around the world for her ability to use American Sign Language2. She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language. Her skills also led to debate3about primates and their ability to understand language.2Research scie
34、ntists Allen and Beatrix Gardner began teaching Washoe sign language in 1966. In 1969, the Gardners described Washoes progress in a scientific report. The people who experimented with Washoe said she grew to understand4about 250 words. For example, Washoe made signs to communicate when it was time t
35、o eat. She could request foods like apples and bananas. She also asked questions like, “Who is coming to play?” Once5the news about Washoe spread, many language scientists began studies of their own6into this new and exciting area of research. The whole direction of primate research changed.3However
36、, critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from watching her teachers. They said she had never developed true language skills. Even now, there are some researchers who suggest that primates learn sign language only by memory, and perform the signs only for prizes. Yet Was
37、hoes keepers disagree. Roger Fouts is a former student of the Gardners7. He took Washoe to a research center inEllensburg,Washington. There, Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees, which are still alive.4Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodall believe8Washoe provided new in
38、formation about the mental workings of chimpanzees. Today, there are not as many scientists studying language skills with chimps. Part of the reason is that this kind of research takes a very long time.5Debate continues about chimpsunderstanding of human communication. Yet, one thing is sure Washoe
39、changed popular ideas about the possibilities of animal intelligence.词汇：chimpanzee /,tmpnzi:/n黑猩猩community / kmju:nt/n社区，圈子primate / pramet /n灵长类动物critic / krtk /n评论家，批评家workingsn活动，运行chimp /tmp/n= chimpanzee注释：1in the scientific community：在科学界，在科学家的圈子里2American Sign Language（ASL）：美国手语。利用手、脸部表情、身诔姿势
40、表达思想的美国聋哑人语言。在加拿大、墨西哥等地也使用ASL。ASL与British Sign Language（BSL英国手语）不同，两者不能相互理解。3led to debate：引起辩论。lead to意为“导致”，to为介词，debate为名词。4she grew to understand about 250 words：她渐渐掌握约250个单词。grow to是“渐渐”的意思。5Once：旦。Once是连接词。例：Children like to cycle once they have learned how.小孩一旦学会了如何骑自行车，就会喜欢上它。6of their own：属
41、于自己的。of their own的含义与on their own不同，on their own是“独自”的意思。7the Gardners：Gardner夫妇8Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodall believe . ：像个体研究者Jane Goodall这样的科学家相信like（像，跟一样）是介词，本句的谓语是believe。句子中的private researcher意为“不受雇于任何单位，自己独立工作的科研人员。”A if the Gardeners argument was sound Bbecause she was cle
42、verer than other chimpsCwhen she wanted to eatDwhile she was at a research center in EllensburgEbecause she could use sign language to ask for fruitsFwhile Washoe was learning sign language3、The experimenters thought Washoe was intelligent _.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FDriven to DistractionJoe Coyne sli
43、des into the drivers eat, starts up the car and heads1 to town. The empty stretch of interstate gives way to urban congestion2, and Coyne hits the brakes as a pedestrian suddenly crosses the street in front of him.But even if he hadnt stopped in time, the woman would have been safe. She isnt real. N
44、either is the town. And Coyne isnt really driving. Coyne is demonstrating a computerized driving simulator that is helping researchers at Old Dominion University3 (ODU) examine how in-vehicle guidance systems affect the person behind the wheel4.The researchers want to know if such systems, which giv
45、e audible or written directions, are too distractingor whether any distractions are offset5 by the benefits drivers get from having help finding their way in unfamiliar locations.6“Were looking at the performance and mental workload of drivers,” said Caryl Baldwin, the assistant psychology professor
46、 leading the research, which involves measuring drivers reaction time and brain activity as they respond to auditory and visual cues7.The researchers just completed a study of the mental workload8 involved in driving through different kinds of environments and heavy vs. light traffic. Preliminary re
47、sults show that as people “get into more challenging driving situations, they dont have any extra mental energy to respond to something else in the environment,” Baldwin said.But the tradeoffs could be worth it, she said. This next step is to test different ways of giving drivers navigational inform
48、ation and how those methods change the drivers mental workload.“Is it best if they see a picturethat shows their position, a map kind of display?9” Baldwin said. “Is it best if they hear it?”Navigational systems now on the market give point-by-point directions that follow a prescribed route. “Theyre very unforgiving,” Baldwin said. “If y