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1、状语从句中的虚拟语气虚拟语气在if 引导的条件句中的用法三点：从句（条件）主句（目的）表示于现在事实相反的虚拟条件句If+主语+动词的过去式（be用were）主语+would(should could might)+动词原型表示与过去事实相反的拟条件句If+主语+had+动词的过去分词主 语+would（should could might）+have+动词的过去分词表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句If+主语+should（were to）+动词原型/动词的过去式主 语+would（could should might）+动词原型混合条件句主从句时间不一致的情况下的虚拟语气有时条件从句中的动作与
2、主句中的动作，发生的时间不一致，这是动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。含蓄条件句有时虚拟条件句并没用if 从句表示出来，而是用介词短语（otherwise，or，without，but for）上下文或其他方式来表示。1.条件暗含在短语中；2.条件暗含在上下文中；3.虚拟式变为习惯说法，很难找出其暗含的条件。条件从句中省略if 采用倒装语序的情况在 if 引导的表示虚拟的条件状语从句中，有时可以把虚拟条件中的连词if 省去，而将had，should，were 等助动词提到主语之前。例：原句：If she were younger,she,would do it.去 if：Were she
3、 younger,she,would do it.虚 拟 语 气 在as if/as though 引导的方式状语从句中1.表示与现在事实相反或对现在情况有怀疑，谓语动词用过去式。2.表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用过去完成时。3表示与将来事实相反注意：1.在 as if/as though 句中，如果有可能成为事实，用陈述语气。例：He looks as if he going to be ill.2.as though 或 as if 引导的状语从句，从句主语和主句主语相同时，从句中可省略主语和部分谓语。虚拟语气用在lest，for fear that，so that 及 in order
4、that 引导的目的状语从句中表示“以防，以免”等意思谓语动词多用should/could/might+动词原型构成由“providing（that）/provided（that）/on condition that/suppose（that）/supposing（that）”引导的条件从句根据情况，1.可以用虚拟语气。例：suppose/supposing that it rained,we shouldn t go out.2.也可以用陈述语气。例：They are willing to surrender provided they are given free pardon.“In c
5、ase”引导的从句中即可用陈述句，也可以用虚拟语气（should）+动词原型例：1.The game will be put off in case it(should)snow.2.The game will be put off in case it snows.名词性从句中的虚拟语气一：宾语从句中的虚拟语气1.在动词 wish/holp 后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气对现在情况的虚拟：从句谓语动词用过去式或过去进行式。对过去情况的虚拟：从句谓语动词用过去完成时，或 would，could，might+现在完成时。对将来情况的虚拟：从句谓语“would/should/could/might+动词
6、原形”。在表示建议，命令，要求，忠告，等动词的后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气均以“should+动词原型”表示这种语气，“should”常被省略。常用的此类动词有：表示“提议，劝告，建议”的：propose,suggest,recommend,advise.表示“要求”的：ask,desire,request,demand,require,beg 表示“同意，坚持”的：insist 表示“决定，命令”的：decide,order 注意：suggest,insist 不表示建议或坚持要某人做某事时，即它们用于其本意暗示，表明，坚持认为时，宾语从句用陈述语气。文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4
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8、1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:C
9、J7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 H
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11、5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码
12、:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8
13、 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1在 expect，believe，think，suspect等动词的否定或疑问形式后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气经常用“should+动词原型（或完成形式），表示惊奇，怀疑，不满等情绪。Would rather，had rather，后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气谓语动词用过去式表示与现在或将来相反，用过去完成式表示
14、与过去事实相反。表示“宁愿做什么”或“对过去做的事的懊悔”。注意：1.若某人愿自己做某事，would rather 后用动词原型2.would rather.than 中用动词原型主语从句中的虚拟语气“It is(was)+形 容 词（或 过 去 分 词）+that.”结构中的虚拟语气表达形式为should+动词原形或省略should 常用的形容词：natural，appropriate，advisable，necessary，important，urgent，probable，possible，desirable，strange。注意：在上述所列形容词后面用that 引出的宾语从句中，谓语动
15、词也要用虚拟语气。例：I don t think it advisable that tom be assigned to the job since he has no experience.(汤姆缺乏经验，指派他做这项工作我认为是不恰当的)在“It is(was)+名词+that.”结构句中的虚拟语气表示建议，命令，请求，道歉，怀疑，惊奇等。这类名词有：advice，decision，desire，demand，idea，order，pity，proposal，recommendation，suggestion，surprise，wish，wonder等。文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8
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21、文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O
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23、suggestion，order，necessity，proposal，plan，idea。在 It is(about/high)time+that 定语从句中的虚拟语气表示“该做 .的时候了”其动词形式用一般过去时或should+动词原型注意：在 this is the first time/second time that .句型中，从句中谓语动词用陈述语气完成时态。If only 引起的感叹句中的虚拟语气If only 引出感叹句，意思是“要是.多好”，表示说话人的一种愿望。例：If only he didn t drive so fast!(现在)If only the rain wo
24、uld stop.(将来)Look at the terrible situation I am in!if only I had followed your advice(过去)文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:
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27、E5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编
28、码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K
29、8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1文档编码:CJ7Z6L1O10K8 HQ4D1P7U9F7 ZE5T1U7Q8I1