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1、2018高中英语人教版选修6课件：Unit 4 Global warming 4.12022/10/24【可编辑】-2-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending词海拾贝 难句剖析理解诱思【文章导语】ResearchershavefoundalinkbetweentheheatingupoftheEarthandthesizeofmammals.Forexample,astemperatureswentup,thesizeofhorseswentdown,andviceversa1.Couldglobalwarmingmakeuss
2、horter?“Globalwarmingcouldmakehumansshorter,”warnresearcherswhoclaimtohavefoundevidencethatitcausedtheworldsfirsthorsestoshrink2nearly50millionyearsago.-3-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending词海拾贝 难句剖析理解诱思 Infact,ateamfromtheuniversitiesofFloridaandNebraskasaysithasfoundalinkbetweenth
3、eheatingupoftheEarthandthesizeofmammalshorses,inthiscase.Researchersusedfossilstofollowtheevolutionofhorsesfromtheirearliestappearance56millionyearsago.“Astemperatureswentuptheirsizewentdown,andviceversa;atonepointtheywereassmallasahousecat,”saidDr.JonathanBloch,curator3oftheFloridaMuseumofNaturalHi
4、story.Theresearcherssaythatthecurrentwarmingcouldhavethesameeffectonmammalsandcouldevenmakehumanssmaller.-4-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending词海拾贝 难句剖析理解诱思“Horsesstartedoutsmall,aboutthesizeofasmalldoglikeaminiatureschnauzer4.Whatssurprisingisthataftertheyfirstappeared,theythenbeca
5、meevensmallerandthendramaticallyincreasedinsize,andthatexactlycorrespondstotheglobalwarmingevent,followedbycooling.“Ithadbeenknownthatmammalsweresmallduringthattimeandthatitwaswarm,butwehadntunderstoodthattemperaturespecificallywasdrivingtheevolutionofbodysize,”Dr.BlochsaidintheSciencejournal.-5-Sec
6、tion Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending-6-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending词海拾贝 难句剖析理解诱思“马最初的个头很小,和小狗的个头差不多,与迷你雪纳瑞犬不相上下。让人惊讶的是,最初马诞生一段时间之后,它们的个子甚至变得更小,之后又显著地变大,而这些变化和全球变暖以及之后的变冷正好是一致的。布洛赫博士在科学杂志上发文说:“众所周知,哺乳动物在当时个头比较小,而且那时候气温较暖和,但我们还没意识到正是气温驱使着身体大小的变化。”-7-Section Warming
7、 Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending词海拾贝 难句剖析理解诱思 1.viceversa/vaIsvs/adv.反之亦然2.shrink/rI k/v.(使)缩小;减少3.curator/kjreIt(r)/n.馆长,负责人4.miniature/mInt(r)/schnauzer/nz/迷你雪纳瑞犬;小种髯狗-8-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending词海拾贝 难句剖析理解诱思“Globalwarmingcouldmakehumansshorter,”warnresearcherswhocl
8、aimtohavefoundevidencethatitcausedtheworldsfirsthorsestoshrinknearly50millionyearsago.译文研究人员警告:“全球变暖会让人类变矮。”他们声称已经找到全球变暖引起5千万年前最早出现的马变小的证据。剖析句中warnresearchers在直接引语后采用了倒装形式。whoclaimtohavefoundevidence为定语从句,修饰先行词researchers;thatitcausedtheworldsfirsthorsestoshrink.为evidence的同位语。-9-Section Warming Up,P
9、re-reading,Reading&Comprehending词海拾贝 难句剖析理解诱思 1.Fromthepassage,weknowthatmammalsbecomesmaller.A.onaccountofthebadenvironmentB.duetotheevolutionC.becauseoftheglobalwarmingD.forlackoffoodandwater2.Whatshouldwedoinourdailylifetoreduceglobalwarming?答案：C答案：Theanswermayvary.-10-Section Warming Up,Pre-read
10、ing,Reading&ComprehendingSection Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending-11-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending一二三四一、写作词汇语境考查:预习Reading部分的词汇,完成下列小对话或语段。1.Theboysaidhecouldlifttheheavystone.Theresno(疑问)aboutit.2.I(瞥见)atTominthestreetjustnow.Impossible.Itcantbehim.HesgonetoShangh
11、ai.3.Howoftendoyou(订阅)newspapers?Itdepends,butusuallytwiceayear.4.Theresa(稳定的)increaseinthetemperatureduringtherecentyearsafter2012.Yes,ithasbeenlikethisforafewyears.doubtglancedsubscribetosteady-12-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending一二三四5.Thescientist(声称)thatthetemperatureisgoingto
12、(继续)(上升)fordecadesorcenturies(即使)westarttoreducetheamountofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegases.statedkeepongoingupevenif-13-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending一二三四二、阅读词汇预习Reading部分的词汇,写出画线部分的汉语意思。DearRay,Recently,ourmanagertoldmetosortoutthefuel1.consumptioninourcompanyanddrawagrap
13、h2.toshowhowmuchfuelisconsumed3.permonth.Idontwanttomakethegraphatrandom4.Couldyoupleasehelpmecollectsomeusefuldata5.sothatIcanmakeadetailedgraph?Iwouldappreciateitifyoucanhelpme.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply!Yours,LiHua燃料图表消费随便地资料-14-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending一二三四三、课文理解1.
14、madeaccuratemeasurementsoftheamountofcarbondioxideintheatmospherefrom1957to1977.A.DrJaniceFosterB.CharlesKeelingC.GeorgeHambleyD.SophieArmstrong2.SomescientistslikeGeorgeHambleythinkthatthetemperatureincreasewill.A.causeariseofseveralmetresinthesealevelB.causethespreadofdiseasesandthedisappearanceof
15、speciesC.encourageagreaterrangeofanimalsD.causeseverestorms,floods,droughtsandfamines答案：B答案：C-15-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending一二三四3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.Greenhousegasesrefertosomebyproductsoftheburningoffossilfuels.B.Theglobalwarmingisarandomratherthan
16、naturalphenomenon.C.Thetemperatureinthelastcenturyincreasedbyashighas5degrees.D.Fewergreenhousegaseswillgatherintheatmosphere.答案：A-16-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending一二三四四、下面是课文原文的浓缩,仔细阅读并根据课文内容将其补充完整SophieArmstrongexploreshowglobalwarminghascomeaboutand1.itmatters,becauseitisara
17、pidincreasewhen2.(compare)to other natural changes.Itshumanactivity3.hascausedthisglobalwarming.Dr.JaniceFosterexplainsthatevenifgreenhouseeffectisanaturalphenomenon,weaddhuge4.(quantity)ofextracarbondioxideintotheatmospherebyburningfossilfuels.Fromthesecondgraphand5.(discover)ofCharlesKeeling,allsc
18、ientistsbelievethattheburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelshasresulted6.theincreaseincarbondioxide.whethercomparedthatquantitiesdiscoveryin-17-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending一二三四However,theattitudesofscientiststowardstheriseare7.(complete)different.Ontheonehand,DrFosterthinksthatanytr
19、endinwhichthetemperatureincreasesby5degreeswouldbeacatastrophe.Ontheotherhand,therearethose,likeGeorgeHambley,who8.(oppose)totheview.Hestatesthatmorecarbondioxidewouldencouragea9.(great)rangeofanimalsandbringusabetterlife.Theclimateisgoingtokeepon10.(warm)fordecadesorcenturies,pletelyareopposedgreat
20、erwarming-18-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending123456781.but it is a rapid increase when compared to other natural changes.(P26)但跟其他自然变化相比较而言,这却是一种快速的增长。考点when compared to.whencomparedto.是时间状语从句的省略,其完整形式为whenitiscomparedto.。再如:Filmhasamuchshorterhistory,especiallywhencomparedtosuch
21、artformsasmusicandpainting.电影的历史短得多,尤其是它与诸如音乐、绘画等艺术形式相比较时。Whencomparedtooursmallflat,Tomshouseseemedlikeapalace.和我们的小公寓相比,汤姆的房子就像是宫殿。-19-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending12345678考点延伸一般来说,在时间、条件、让步等状语从句中,如果该从句的主语与主句主语一致或主语是it,且从句中含有be,则可把从句的主语连同be一起省略掉。如:If(Iam)givenanotherchance,I
22、willdoitmuchbetter.要是再给我一次机会,我会把它做得更好。Evenif(Iwere)invitedtotheparty,Iwouldntgo.即使受邀去参加聚会,我也不会去。【温馨提示】被省略后的动词可以是过去分词(表示被动意义),也可以是动词-ing形式(表示主动意义)。Dobecarefulwhen(youare)crossingthestreet.过马路时一定要小心。-20-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending12345678-21-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Read
23、ing&Comprehending12345678-22-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending123456782.So how has this come about and does it matter?(P26)那么这种温度的增长是怎么产生的呢?有影响吗?考点一come about是不及物动词短语,意为“发生,造成”。Pleasetellmehowtheaccidentcameabout.Iamstillinthedark.请告诉我这个事故是如何发生的,我还不清楚。Itsalready10oclock.Iwonderhow
24、itcameaboutthatshewastwohourslateonsuchashorttrip.现在已经10点了,我想知道这么短的路途她怎么会迟到两个小时。-23-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending12345678考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出come的短语和意义。IcameacrossthisbookinanoldbookstoreinLondon.我在伦敦一家旧书店里发现了这本书。短语comeacross意义偶遇,偶然发现Thatmagazinecoveringthemodernartwillcomeoutnextmon
25、th.那个涉及当代艺术的杂志下个月要出版。短语comeout意义出版Thematterwillcomeupfordiscussionnextweek.这件事将会在下周讨论时被提出来。短语comeup意义被提出-24-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending12345678comeabout发生;造成comeacross偶遇;偶然发现comeout出来;开花;出版;结果是comeup发生;被提出;(植物)长出地面-25-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending12345
26、678考点二matter vi.有关系;要紧Doesitmatterifweareabitlate?我们晚到一会儿有关系吗?考点延伸阅读下列句子,体会matter的短语及意义。Ifthebabyisputintoanunfamiliarplayroomwithoutitsmother,thebabyignoresthetoysnomatterhowinterestingtheymightbe.如果将没有母亲陪同的婴儿放入不熟悉的游戏室,不管那些玩具多么有趣,婴儿都不会去注意。短语nomatter(how)意义不管(怎样)-26-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Re
27、ading&Comprehending12345678Tomakemattersworse,nowIhavetosharearoomwithmyyoungersister,Maggie.更糟糕的是,现在我不得不和我的妹妹玛吉共住一屋。短语tomakemattersworse意义更糟糕的是nomatterhow/what.不管tomakemattersworse更糟糕的是-27-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending12345678-28-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Compreh
28、ending12345678-29-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending123456783.There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.(P26)毫无疑问,地球正在变暖,并且全球变暖正是人类活动导致的,而不是一种无规律的自然现象。剖析此句中itishu
29、manactivitythathascaused.为强调句。句型:Itis/was+被强调部分(除了谓语的任何句子成分)+that(当强调部分指人时也可用who)+其他部分。ItisWeiFangthat/whohasbrokentherecord.就是魏方打破了纪录。-30-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending12345678考点There is no doubt that.意为“是毫无疑问的”,that引导同位语从句,说明doubt的内容。【高考典句】(2015安徽高考)Thisdoesntmeanwearebecomin
30、geithermoreorlessintelligent,butthereisnodoubtthatthewayweusememoryischanging.这并不意味着我们正或多或少地变得聪明,但毫无疑问的是,我们使用记忆的方式正在改变。考点延伸1)阅读下列句子,指出含doubt的句型、短语及意义。Thereissomedoubtwhetherhewillcomeintime.他是否能及时赶到值得怀疑。句型Theressomedoubtwhether.意义值得怀疑-31-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending12345678We
31、areindoubtaboutwhattodonext.我们不知道下一步要做什么。短语indoubt意义怀疑的;不确定的Researchprovesthisfeelingwithout(a)doubt.研究毫无疑问地证实了这种感觉。短语without(a)doubt意义无疑地;确实地Nodoubthewonderswhetherhewasnthappierinhisvillageworkinghisownland.毫无疑问,他思索着他以前在自己村庄的土地上劳作时到底是不是不如现在幸福。短语nodoubt意义无疑地-32-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Readin
32、g&Comprehending123456782)阅读下列句子,体会doubt所在句子的句式及其后从句的连接词。Idontdoubtthathecanfinishthetaskontime.我相信他能按时完成任务。句式否定句连接词thatDoyoudoubtthatshewillsucceed?你怀疑她会成功吗?句式疑问句连接词thatIdoubtwhether/iftheycanswimacrosstheriver.我怀疑他们能否游过河去。句式肯定句连接词whether/if-33-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending123
33、45678误:Hehassomedoubtif/thathellattendthemeeting.正:Hehassomedoubtwhetherhellattendthemeeting.分析:此处doubt为名词,且句子为肯定句,只能用whether引导(同位语从句),不可用if。在否定句和疑问句中,doubt(名词)后接that引导的从句。当doubt为动词时,其后可接if或whether引导的宾语从句。indoubt怀疑的;不确定的without(a)doubt无疑地;确实地nodoubt确定地;必定地-34-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&C
34、omprehending12345678-35-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending12345678-36-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending12345678-37-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending123456784.All scientists subscribe to the view that the increase in the earths temperature is du
35、e to the burning of fossil fuels like coal,natural gas and oil to produce energy.(P26)所有的科学家都支持这种观点:地球温度升高是由于燃烧煤、天然气和石油等化石燃料来获取能量而引起的。剖析此句中that引导一个同位语从句,解释说明view的具体内容。其先行词常为fact,doubt,idea,news,hope,opinion,belief,indication,decision,possibility,assumption,suggestion,question等。Thenoticecamearoundtwo
36、intheafternoonthatthemeetingwouldbepostponed.大约下午两点钟传来会议将被延期的通知。-38-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending12345678Theyweredelightedatthefactthathedidntstealthemoney.他们对他没有偷钱这一事实感到高兴。Thereissomedoubtamongpeoplewhetherheisuptothejob.人们怀疑他是否能胜任这份工作。考点subscribe to 同意;赞成Hedidnotsubscribetom
37、ysuggestion.他不同意我的提议。-39-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending12345678考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出subscribeto的其他意义。Hesubscribedtothemagazine.他订阅了那本杂志。意义订购,订阅Iwasunwillingtosubscribetothecontract,butitseemedthatIhadnochoice.我不愿在合同上签字,可又似乎别无选择。意义签名,签字Hesubscribedalargesumtotherelieffund.他向救济基金会捐赠巨资。意义
38、捐赠-40-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending12345678误:Hehassubscribedthenewmagazine.正:Hehassubscribedtothenewmagazine.分析:表示“预订(报纸、杂志、词典)”时,subscribe后可接介词to,但不能直接把subscribe作及物动词用。subscribeto订阅;同意,赞成;签名,签字subscribealargesum(ofmoney)to.捐赠给(一大笔钱)-41-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&C
39、omprehending12345678-42-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending12345678-43-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending123456785.It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up.(P26)它意味着更多的热能将被困在大气层中,从而引起全球气温上升。考点一tend
40、 vi.趋向;易于;照顾【高考典句】(2015课标全国高考)Peoplewhoeatslowlytendtoconsumeabout70fewercalories(卡路里)permealthanthosewhorushthroughtheirmeals.吃饭慢的人易比那些匆忙吃饭的人每餐少摄入大约70卡路里的热量。【高考典句】Womentendtobesocialintheirbehaviour.Theyoftensharewithothers.女性易于进行社交活动。她们经常与别人分享。-44-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehendi
41、ng12345678考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出tend或其名词形式的短语和意义。Janettendstogetangryifyouaskhersuchstupidquestions.如果你问珍妮特这种愚蠢的问题的话,她会生气的。短语tendtodosth.意义易于做某事;往往会做某事Imtendingtowardsyourplanratherthanhis.你和他的两份计划中,我倾向于你的那份。短语tendto/towardssth.意义倾向于;趋于Momwasalwaysbusytending(to)mysistersduringthenight.妈妈在夜里总是忙于照料我的妹妹们。短语ten
42、d(to)sb.意义照料/护理某人Shehasatendencytothinkthateverythingisabouther.她有一种倾向,认为任何事都与她有关。短语haveatendencytodosth.意义倾向于做某事-45-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending12345678tendtodosth.易于做某事;往往会做某事tendto/towardssth.倾向于;趋于tend(to)sb./sth.照料/护理某人/某物haveatendencytodosth.倾向于做某事-46-Section Warming Up
43、,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending12345678考点二go up上升;增长Thepricesofdailygoodshavegoneupagainrecently.日常用品的物价最近又上涨了。考点延伸阅读下列句子,体会go的短语及意义。Newfactoriesaregoinguparoundourschool.在我们学校附近正在兴建新工厂。短语goup意义兴建,建造起来Thismaypartlyexplainwhypeoplegoinforthesesituationseventhoughtheyredangerous.这也许能在一定程度上解释为什么即使这些
44、情况危险而人们却依然喜欢。短语goinfor意义喜欢-47-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending12345678AsIwatchedseveralpeoplegoby,getintotheircarsandgooff,Inoticedanoldmanonabicycle.我看到几个人经过,上了他们的车然后又离去,这时我注意到了一个骑自行车的老人。短语goby意义经过Youdonothavetorush,asyouhaveayeartogothroughtheproject.你不必着急,因为你有一年的时间来完成这个项目。短语go
45、through意义经历-48-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending12345678goup上升;上涨,增加;建造起来goinfor从事;喜欢goby经过;过去,(时间等)流逝gothrough经历;穿过;仔细检查;(法律等)被通过-49-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending12345678-50-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending12345678-51-Section Warming Up,
46、Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending561234786.that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.(P26)导致了二氧化碳的增加。考点result in导致;造成的结果【高考典句】(2015江苏高考).theproduction,distribution,anduseofproductsaswellasmanagementoftheresultingwasteallresultingreenhousegasrelease.产品的生产、分配和使用,以及对所产生的废弃物的管理,都导致了温室气体的排放。Bu
47、tdesignerMikhailBelvacvdoesntthinkthatforgettingtochecktheweatherforecastbeforeheadingoutshouldresultinyougettingwet.但是设计师MikhailBelvacv不认为外出前忘记看天气预报会导致你被淋湿。-52-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending56123478考点延伸1)阅读下列句子,指出result的其他短语和意义。Onelimitationofthestudywasthatitcouldntfindoutwhe
48、therpeoplesrecognizingandunderstandingabilitieschangeasaresultofmultitasking.这个研究的一个限制是它无法确定人们的认知和理解能力的改变是否是多重任务导致的。短语asaresultof意义由于,作为的结果Hedidntworkhard,asaresult,hefailedhisexam.他不用功,结果考试不及格。短语asaresult意义结果-53-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending561234782)辨析resultfrom/resultinresu
49、ltfrom意为“是的结果;由于”,其主语表示结果,介词from的宾语则表示原因,主语的结果是由宾语的原因引起的。resultin意指“结果是;导致;结果造成”,其主语表示原因,介词in的宾语则表示结果,主语的原因导致或造成了宾语的结果。Weallbelievethatsuccessresultsfromhardwork.我们都坚信成功来自于努力工作。Theaccidentresultedinthedeathoftwopassengers.这场事故造成两名乘客死亡。-54-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending56123478r
50、esultfrom由造成;因而产生resultin导致;造成的结果(以上为动词短语)asaresult结果asaresultof由于,作为的结果(以上为介词短语)-55-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending56123478-56-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending56123478-57-Section Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading&Comprehending56123478-58-Section Warming Up,Pre-