Unit 8 知识点总结牛津译林版九年级英语上册.doc

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1、译林版九上U8知识点总结1. dress的用法Why are you dressed like that,Eddie?你为什么穿成那样,埃迪?解析:dress是及物动词,意为“穿衣”,相当于put on,侧重穿的动作,其后的宾语是“人”而不是“衣服”。例:She is busy dressing her daughter.她正忙着给她的女儿穿衣服。拓展:dress n. 连衣裙;女装,是可数名词。 例:The girl often wears a red dress.这个女孩经常穿着一件红色连衣裙。【固定搭配】:(1)dress oneself 自己穿衣服。例:Tom was dressing

2、 himself when the telephone rang.电话铃响时,汤姆正在穿衣服。(2) be dressed in 穿着,表示一种状态,后接表示颜色的词。例:Lucy was dressed in red.露西穿着红色的衣服。(3)dress up 装扮,乔装打扮。例:At Halloween,Amy dressed up as a Monkey King.在万圣节,埃米装扮成一个美猴王。(4)get dressed 穿衣服。例:He could not wash himself or get dressed.他不会自己洗澡,也不会自己穿衣。2. serious 的用法This

3、is much more serious. 这个要更严重。解析:serious 是形容词,意为“严重的”。例:Its a very serious matter.这是一起非常严重的事件。【拓展】:serious adj. 严肃的,认真的;seriously adv. 严重地,严肃地。例:Our Maths teacher looks serious.我们的数学老师看起来很严肃。They spoke to me very seriously but politely.他们非常严肃但又很有礼貌地与我说话。3. report 的用法Read the polices report and the no

4、tes on the suspects.阅读警察的报告和关于犯罪嫌疑人的记录。解析:report 做可数名词,意为“报告;报道;汇报”。例:He made a report on the problem.他就这个问题做了报道。【拓展】:(1)report v. 报告,报道;传达,汇报。例:Ill report to you if he comes back.如果他回来的话,我就向你汇报。(2)It is reported that. 意为“据报道”。例:It is reported that the murderer has been caught.据报道,那个凶手已经被抓住了。4. gues

5、s 的用法/lie 的用法I guess Jimmy White is lying.我猜吉米怀特在说谎。解析:guess在这里是及物动词,意为“猜,猜测”。例:Can you guess how old he is?你能猜出他多大岁数吗?【拓展】:guess n. 猜,猜测,是可数名词,复数形式是 guesses。例:If you dont know the answer,have a guess.你要是不知道答案,那就猜猜吧。解析:lie 做不及物动词,意为“说谎”。例:Dont believe her because she always lies.不要相信她,因为她总是说谎,【拓展】:l

6、ie n. 谎言.是可数名词;vi. 躺,平卧,位于,在位置。例:The little boy often tells lies.这个小男孩经常说谎。People were sitting in chairs or lying on the floor.人们或坐在椅子上,或躺在地上。Japan lies to the east of China.日本位于中国东面。【注意】:lie意为“说谎”时,过去式和过去分词均为lied,现在分词是lying;意为“躺”时,过去式是lay,过去分词是 lain,现在分词是 lying。5. see sb doing sth 的用法He was last se

7、en leaving his office in East Town at about p.m.yesterday.昨晚大约七点在东镇有人最后一次看见他离开办公室。解析:本句中sb be seen doing sth是see sb doing sth的被动结构,主动结构意为“看见某人正在做某事”,强调看见的动作正在发生,而 see sb do sth 强调看见全过程或经常看见,不强调正在发生的动作。例:The teacher saw the two students talking there.老师看见两个学生正在那儿讲话。I often see an old man run down the

8、 road in the morning.早晨我经常看见一位老人沿着这条路跑步。6. somewhere 的用法whether the victim was killed somewhere else and the brought to West Town受害者是否是在别的地方被杀然后被带到西镇的解析:somewhere adv. 在某处。例:I remembered putting his cellphone somewhere, but now I cant find it .我记得把他的手机放在了某个地方,但是我现在找不到了。Nearly all the boys in this cl

9、ass want to go somewhere for the summer. 几乎这个班上所有的男生都想到某个地方去过夏天。【辨析】:somewhere,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere (1)somewhere adv. 某处,某个地方,常用在肯定句中。例:Lets go out and have supper somewhere.我们出去到某个地方吃晚饭吧,(2)anywhere adv. 任何地方,常用于疑问句和否定句中。例:You cant see it anywhere. 你在任何地方都见不到它。(3)everywhere adv. 到处,处处,相当于her

10、e and there。例:The town is very dirty.You can see the waste everywhere.这个镇子很脏。你到处都可以看到垃圾。(4)nowhere adv. 无处,任何地方都不。例:Youll find this kind of plant nowhere else.你在任何其他地方都看不到这种植物。7. 定语从句的用法“Were asking anyone who saw anything unusual near Com Street last night to contact us,”said Detective Lu,West Town

11、s chief detective.“我们让昨天晚上在谷街附近看见任何不寻常事情的人来联系我们,”陆侦探说,他是西镇的首席侦探。解析:句中“who saw anything unusual near Com Street last night”做定语,修饰 anyone. 这是一个定语从句,关系代词who 在从句中做主语,动词不定式 to contact us 做宾语补足语。例:She is the only one who has got a very good mark in the Maths test. 她是唯一一个在数学测试中取得好成绩的人。8. suppose 的用法We supp

12、ose that the victim knew his murderer.我们推断受害人认识凶手。解析:suppose vt. 猜想,假定,料想,可以接宾语从句,或含 to be的复合宾语。常用结构:be supposed to do应该做。例:I dont suppose that hell agree.我料想他不会同意。All his neighbours supposed him to be an artist.他所有的邻居都猜他是个艺术家。9. 形容词的排序的用法So far,the only suspect is a short thin man who was seen runn

13、ing down Corn Street at 10 p.m. last night.到目前为止,只有一个又矮又瘦的犯罪嫌疑人,有人看见他昨天晚上1000沿着谷街跑。解析:当多个形容词修饰一个名词时,其顺序一般为:大小、形状、新旧、颜色、出处、材料等。例:Thats a pretty red silk dress.那是一件漂亮的红绸连衣裙。10. offer的用法/lead to的用法The victims parents have offered a reward of ¥50,000 for any information that leads to the arrest of the m

14、urderer.受害人的父母已经出五万元人民币对提供任何线索抓获凶手的人给予奖励。解析:offer是及物动词,意为“提供,给予”,常用结构:offer to do sth主动提出做某事。例:He offered to lend me his bike.他主动提出要把他的自行车借给我。11. couple 的用法The elderly couple were very sad to hear that their only son was murdered.这对老夫妇听说他们唯一的儿子被杀害了很伤心。解析:couple n. 夫妇,一对。例:The old couple have no chil

15、dren.那对老夫妇没有孩子。【拓展】:couple n. 几个。例:Across the street.there are a couple of police officers.大街对面有几个警察。【固定搭配】:a couple of 一对,几个;young couple 年轻夫妇;a couple of days 一两天。12. probably 的用法There was probably more than one person who had something to do with the murder.可能不止一个人与这起谋杀案有关。解析:probably adv. 大概,或许,

16、表示可能发生的意思,可能性比 perhaps 和 maybe都大。例:Ill probably see you on Saturday.我星期六大概会见你。【拓展】:probable adj. 很可能的,几乎肯定的;improbable adj. 几乎不可能的,互为反义词。例:It is probable that he will be late.他很可能要迟到了。13. hurry 的用法He was in a hurry to catch a bus!他那时正在匆忙地赶公共汽车!解析:hurry 在这里是可数名词,意为“急忙,匆忙”。例:I need to talk with you,bu

17、t theres no hurry.我需要和你谈谈,但不着急。【拓展】:hurry vi. 匆忙,急忙;hurried adj. 匆忙的,急忙的;hurriedly adv. 匆忙地,仓促地。例:He had his breakfast hurriedly and then went out.他匆忙地吃了早饭就出去了。【固定搭配】:含hurry的短语in no hurry不着急hurry off /away匆忙离去in a hurry匆忙,急急忙忙hurry up赶快例:Hurry up, or well be late.快点,否则我们就迟到了。14. wealth 的用法Guan Fei s

18、on of Guan Dawei,a man of great wealth 关飞关大维的儿子,关大维是一个富豪解析:wealth 意为“财富”,是不可数名词。例:You should not equate wealth with happiness.你不应把财富等同于幸福。【拓展】wealth n. 大量,丰富,是可数名词;wealthy adj. 富裕的,富有的。例:The picture has a wealth of detail.这幅画有丰富的细致描绘。【固定搭配】:a wealth of 很多的;wealth of society 社会财富。15. prison 的用法Wang G

19、ang six months in prison 王刚坐牢6个月解析:prison在这里是可数名词,意为“监狱,牢房”。例:The thief went to prison for six years.这个窃贼坐了六年牢。【拓展】:in prison在狱中;be in prison for 因获罪入狱;put sb in prison把某人送进监狱。【注意】:表示“监禁”时,prison前不可加冠词;表示“监狱”的建筑时,其前可加定冠词the。16. Lock的用法We should remember to lock the door when we leave home.当我们离开家时我们应

20、该记得锁门。解析:lock是及物动词,意为“锁,锁上”。例:Are you sure that you locked the front door?你确定锁前门了吗?【固定搭配】:含lock的短语lock up监禁lock in把门锁住不让某人出去lock away把某物锁好lock out把门锁住不让某人进来17. continue 的用法he continued,turning to the two detectives.他继续说,转向两个侦探。解析:continue在这里是不及物动词,意为“持续,继续;延伸”,其反义词是stop。continue to the end坚持到底;conti

21、nue with sth 继续某事。例:You will succeed if you continue to the end.如果你坚持到底,你就会成功。The workers continued with their work.工人们继续他们的工作。【拓展】:continue vt. 继续、连续,后接名词、代词、动词不定式或动词-ing形式。continue doing/to do sth 继续做某事,但continue to do sth指做完一件事后接着做另一件事,而 continue doing sth指中止一段时间后接着做另一件事。例:It was too late,but he

22、continued working.很晚了,但他还继续工作。18. add 的用法“One other thing,Lestrade,”he added,turning round at the door.“还有一件事,雷斯垂德,”他在门口转过身来补充说解析:add 在这里做动词,意为“还说,接着说”。例:He said that another test would be needed,adding that preparation must be made. 他说需要再做一次试验,又说必须做好准备。【拓展】:add vt. 增加,补充,其后常接 to/into,即 add to/into

23、。例:If the tea is too strong,add some water.如果茶太浓,就加一些水。Please add more milk to my coffee.请在我的咖啡里多加些牛奶。19. get along with 的用法/except 的用法Bruce gets along with all of his neighbours except the man who lives next door.除了住在隔壁的那个男人之外,布鲁斯和所有邻居都相处和睦。解析:get along with sb 意为“与某人相处和睦”,相当于get on with sb。例:Can y

24、ou get along well with him? Yes.he is easy to get along with.你能与他和睦相处吗?是的,他很容易相处。【拓展】:get along with还可意为“在方面进行/开展得”例:How are you getting along with your work?你的工作进展得如何?解析:except是介词,意为“除之外”。例:The shop is open every day except Sunday.除了星期天,这家商店每天都营业。【辨析】 except,besides,besideexcept意为“除之外”,表示从所提到的人或事物中

25、除去,即从整体中除去一部分,表示递减,含义是否定的。besides做介词,意为“除之外,还有”,指在整体中加入一部分,表示递增,含义是肯定的;做副词,意为“而且,此外,加之”等,一般可单独使用。beside意为“在旁边/附近”,是方位介词。一言辩异:Peter was standing beside me and he likes English,Chinese and so on besides Maths.We go to school every day except Saturday and Sunday.彼得站在我身旁,除了数学,他还喜欢英语、语文等。除星期六和星期日外,我们每天都上

26、学。20. no one 的用法The man never speaks to anyone,and no one knows what he does for a living.那个男人从未和任何人说过话,而且没有人知道他以什么为生。解析:no one 意为“没有人”。例:No one knows who has cleaned the classroom.没有人知道谁打扫了教室。【辨析】:no one,none(1) no one 意为“没有人”,相当于 not even one,只能指人,做主语时谓语动词用单数形式,不能与of 短语连用。none 意为“一个(点)也没有”,相当于not

27、one 或 not any,既可指人又可指物,后面可以接 of短语;none 做主语时,如果它指代的是可数名词,谓语动词用单数、复数形式都可以,如果它指代的是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式。例:No one likes the man like him.没有人喜欢像他这样的人。None of them have / has arrived.他们没有人到达。(2)在回答以 how many和 how much提出的以及有特定范围的问句时用 none;回答以who 提出的特殊疑问句用 no one。例:-How many apple trees have they planted? -None.-

28、他们种植了多少棵苹果树? -一棵也没有。-Who are you waiting for? -No one.-你在等谁? -谁也没等。(3)不涉及到具体的人时不能用 none,而要用 no one 或 nobody。例:-Did anyone come to see me just now? -No one.-刚才有人来看我了吗? -没人。21. wonder 的用法Bruce wondered where it came from.布鲁斯想知道它是哪来的。解析:wonder 多指遇到了棘手的事情,难以弄懂而引起的惊奇,如科学问题、算术问题等。【拓展】:(1)常用句型: Its a wonde

29、r. 难得;奇怪的是。例:Its a wonder you recognized me.难得你认得我。 Its no wonder/No wonder. 难怪;并不奇怪。例:No wonder he is not hungry;he has been eating sweets all day.难怪他不饿,他整天都在吃糖果。(2) wonder后接who,what,why,how等引导的宾语从句时,表示“想知道,对感到怀疑”。例:I wonder why James is always late for school.我想知道为什么詹姆斯上学总是迟到。(3) wonder后接 that 引导的

30、宾语从句时,表示“感到惊讶”。例:I wonder that each man speaks a different language in England. 在英格兰每个人都说着不同的语言,这令我很惊讶。(4) wonder后接 if或 whether 引导的宾语从句时,表示一种委婉的请求。例:I wonder if/whether you would mind helping me.不知你是否介意帮我的忙。(5) wonder也可做名词,意为“奇迹,奇观”。22. before 的用法Ive never seen him before.我以前从未见过他。解析:before是副词,意为“以前

31、”。例:I have seen that girl before.我以前见过那个女孩。【拓展】:before prep. 在以前(表示时间),在前面(表示位置),在之前(表示顺序);conj. 在以前。例:You must finish the work before lunch.你必须在午饭前完成这项工作。Spring comes before summer.春季在夏季之前到来。Think over before you decide.在你决定之前应慎重考虑。【辨析】:before,ago(1)before 表示的时间是以过去为起点的以前,常与完成时连用;ago 表示的时间是以现在为起点的以

32、前,与一般过去时连用。例:My uncle has never been to Hainan before.我叔叔以前从未去过海南。I met an old friend two weeks ago.两周前我遇到了一个老朋友。(2)before既可与时间点也可与一段时间连用,其位置可前可后;ago只能与一段时间连用,不能单独使用,使用时须放在后面。例:He said he had finished his homework ten minutes before.他说他十分钟前已经完成了他的家庭作业。My brother joined the army two months ago.我哥哥两个月前参军了。

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