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1、Module 4 Unit2 Grammar and Usage -Modal Verbs教学设计一 教学内容分析本课是牛津高中英语必修教材Modal 4 Unit2 Sporting Events中的Grammar and Usage(语法与运用)。 本单元的语法项目是情态动词。情态动词在初中课程中就出现过，情态动词的用法复杂又繁多，比较零散，这些特点都给学生学习情态动词的用法造成一定的困难。基于以上特点，本课时通过语法规则的讲解与呈现，让学生比较全面系统地掌握情态动词的语法知识。通过本节课的教学，学生能够首先了解情态动词的基本特征和在句子中表达各种语气的功能，其次，学生能够系统掌握情态动词
2、的基本用法，并在口语和书面表达上能够更加准确、流畅地表达自己。二 学生学习情况分析情态动词在初中课程中就出现过，学生对于情态动词的基本概念和知识已有一定的基础。但是，由于情态动词的用法复杂又繁多，在实际教学中教师往往是花费了大量精力时间将情态动词的用法逐个讲解并设计练习题让学生进行操练，学生在依然是一头雾水。究其原因，主要是学生一味被动地接受并识记教师所教授的情态动词用法，对于情态动词多而杂的用法未进行归纳总结，对于部分情态动词的用法掌握不全面，以致于对于情态动词的用法掌握陷入混乱的状态，就如有位老教师曾经这样一个成语描述学生学习情态动词的状况-为“情”所困。三 设计思想首先，“四段式”教学模
3、式的指导思想要使学生“动”起来。建构主义学习理论认为教学不是通过教师向学生单向传递知识就可以完成的，知识不只是通过教师传授得到的，而是学习者在一定的情境即社会文化背景下，借助其他人（包括教师和学习伙伴）的帮助，利用必要的学习资料，通过“意义建构”的方式而获得的。教师不能直接将知识传递给学生，而是要组织、引导，使学生参与到整个学习过程中去。其次，综观历年高考英语情态动词的考查情况，有相当一部分考题从本质上看都是考查情态动词在具体语境中的运用。事实上，学习情态动词时要真正理解情态动词的用法，就应该在具体的语境里用心去体会情态动词的用法。 结合以上两方面的分析，在设计本课时的教学时采用了五个部分：第
4、一部分：Lead-in（导入教学内容）； 第二部分： Group-presentation小组展示(语言展示)；第三部分：Group-discussion互动探究：Practice in situations and conclude(在情境中练习和总结)；第四部分：Exercises （在语篇中巩固并总结情态动词用法，小练习反馈学生掌握情况）巩固反馈：小组竞赛展示学习效果Group-competition；第五部分：Group-presentation小组展示：知识的迁移应用（在具体语境中运用情态动词）四 教学目标与要求：1. 学生能够了解情态动词的基本特征和在句子中表达各种语气的功能。2.
5、 在语境中体会情态动词的用法，进而逐一归纳总结出情态动词的诸多用法。3. 学生能够系统掌握情态动词的基本用法，并在口语和书面表达上能够更加准确、流畅地表达自己。五 教学重点和难点1. 教学重点：1）情态动词的基本功能与特征 2）情态动词在口头表达和具体语境中的应用2. 教学难点：1）充分调动不同层次学生学习运用情态动词的积极性和主动性 2）学生在具体语境中综合运用情态动词的能力。六 教学过程：Step1:Lead-in：Form（活动形式）: Free talk and Group-Discussion1) The teacher ask a student to have the flowi
6、ng conversation.T：XXX, will you close the door for me please?S1: Ok.T: Its rather cold today, isnt it? We should not always believe in weather report. I thought it must be a sunny day today after I heard the weather report. XX, you should put on warmer clothes in case of catching a cold.S2: Ok. Than
7、k you for your advice.T: XX, I heard you could wear your clothes when youre 8 months. Right? Answer me. You neednt be shy about that.-2) The teacher writes the modal verbs down on the blackboard and asks students to discuss about the characteristics and function of modal verbs.【导入部分（lead-in）以对话形式切入语
8、法主题。通过师生闲聊的方式将情态动词自然地呈现给学生，并让学生回顾情态动词的基本知识，如：情态动词的特征、情态动词列举、情态动词功能等。】Step II: Modal Verbs in daily life: Examples and Usage of modal verbsForm: Group-Presentation and Teachers guidance (小组展示和教师精讲点拨)1） The teacher asks representatives of each group to present the stories made by group members using m
9、odal verbs (with PPT)【本环节学生通过课前自主学习学案与课本上情态动词的用法，运用尽可能多的情态动词编小故事，并在小组展示时用PPT打出运用情态动词的句子并标出其在句子中的功能用法】2） The teacher shows groups of pictures describing people and things in our daily life and asks students to describe the pictures using modal verbs, and then conclude the usage of each modal verb. 以下
10、选取四个例子对教学实践部分过程进行说明Example1： can的用法i) ability 1. Liu Xiang can run the mens 110-meter hurdles race in 12.88 seconds.2.Li Yang can speak English well.ii)permission 1. Can I use your computer ? 2. Could you give me a piece of paper?iii) certainty1.Can it be a real lady? -No, it cant be a real lady.Sum
11、marize: The teacher asks students to summarize the usage of “can”Possible answer:1. In these sentences , can means be able to (could is the past tense of can.)Can and be able to are the same in meaning. But can is only used in presentand future tense and be able to can be used in different tenses.2.
12、 Can is used to ask or give permission. Could is not the past tense of can here but a more polite way of asking or giving permission.3.Can is used to ask whether something is true or not, and cant means that something is impossible or unlikely.Example2: may, might用法： Weather report： show a picture o
13、f the map of China and ask students to act like a weather reporter to report weather in different places. What is the weather like in Chang Sha?-It may be sunny.What is the weather going to be like in Guang Zhou?-It might have strong wind.Summarize: The teacher asks students to summarize the usage o
14、f may and mightPossible answer: 1. certainty: If you are not very sure about something and you want to have a guess, you can use may and might .2. permission：May I come in? May I ask you a question?Example3： Should（not）和must（not）的用法语境：Reading Room Rules 通过选取贴近学生生活的阅览室规则，让学生学习并区分情态动词should，should not
15、，must，must not的用法。Reading Room Rules1. You must show your student card before entering this reading room.2. You should be careful with your personal belongings.3. Books here mustnt be removed out of it.4. Books mustnt be marked on or folded.5. If you are the last to leave, you should offer to help w
16、ith the tidy-up work.Example4： 情态动词+have done用法语境：三鹿奶粉事件。“情态动词+have done”用法一直是学生学习情态动词的重点也是难点。如果不在具体语境中去理解，单凭死记硬背是无法掌握这一用法的。选取社会关注的三鹿毒奶粉事件为语境，可以吸引学习这一部分语法知识的兴趣，更便于学生在如此熟悉的语境中更好地解决了学生学习这部分语法知识的困境。Dear Sarah, Ive just heard of the milk powder incident. Melamine is said to be contained. _ it be true? Y
17、oung mothers _ be very worried. Why was melamine added? To make milk delicious? Milk is delicious in itself. They _ have done this. Moreover, it _ have been found much earlier. Nothing harmful can reach consumers. Im sure now the milk powder _ have been pulled off shelves. I was told some of the mil
18、k powder _ have made its way to the US. Would you be kind enough to make a list of the banned milk powder? Many thanks.Yours Daisy【本环节教师对重点的情态动词用法进行精讲点拨，通过展示的图片或创设具体情境让学生描绘图片或者根据图片展开师生对话等形式来引导学生对各个情态动词的用法和功能进行学习】StepIII：Exercises 巩固与反馈Form（活动形式）: Group-discussion and Group-presentation 小组讨论和小组展示1）A
19、letter asking for help: The teacher asks students to fill in the blanks and ask students to conclude the usage of each modal verbs语境：一名高中生就自己学习方面的困惑请教杂志编辑。通过这两个人的书信，学生在语境中系统地依次学习了will，should，can/could/be able to, must, may/might 几个主要情态动词的用法。A high school student, called Snoopy, has some trouble with
20、 his study, and he asked for advice from a magazine editor. Read the letters between the two persons and pay attention to the usage of the following modal verbs.Snoopy: Hello, Im Snoopy from Haizhou Senior high School. With a lot of homework to do, I will have to burn the night oil. As a result, I f
21、all asleep in class. Will you please help me? I will do everything I can to get rid of the bad habit.Reply: I just cant imagine that an adolescent should be so sleepy. You shouldnt have burnt the night oil. And of course you should do more exercise. Snoopy: Thank you for your advice! Can I ask you a
22、 question? I cannot tell the difference between “can” and “be able to”. When I asked my teacher for help, she was angry with me, adding “You couldnt have listened carefully enough.” I am sad at that. One can be absent-minded at times even if he is an excellent student.Reply:You must have fallen asle
23、ep in class again. First of all, you must go to bed early. If you must burn the night oil, you are sure to feel sorry for yourself in the future.2) Exercises: Group Competition: Ask the group leader to choose from the buttons（A、B、 C、D、E、F、G、H、 I、 J） to pick out his groups taskG1: 1. What sort of hou
24、se do you want to have? something big?-Well, it _ be bigthats not important. A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. wont2. 改错 Mr. Li mustnt have gone to Shanghai because I saw him a few minutes ago.G2: 1. He said that the bike _ stolen and that he_ have to telephone the police. A. was, would B. has, will C.
25、 has been, will D. had been, would not2.Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How _ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony? A. can B. should C. may D. must G3: 1. It has been announced that candidates _ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. A. can B. will C. may D. s
26、hall 2 .You cant imagine that a well behaved gentleman _ be so rude to a lady. A. might B. need C. should D. would G4: 1. Tom, finish your homework first, or you _ watch TV! A. shant B. couldnt C. neednt D. may not2. -She looks very happy. She _ (must / might) have passed the exam. -I guess so. Its
27、not difficult after all. G5: 1. -Could I borrow your dictionary? -Yes, of course you _. A. might B. will C. can D. should2. Hearing the steps of the police, the thief _ move at all. A. dares not B. dared not to C. didnt dare to D. not dareG6: 1. -Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yest
28、erday. -You _it in the wrong place. A. must put B. should have put C. might put D. might have put 2. -Is John coming by train? -He should, but he _not. He likes driving his car. A. must B. can C. need D. mayG7: 1. Mike, look at the time. _you play the piano at such a late hour? A. Must B. Can C. May
29、 D. Need 2. She is already two hours late. What _to her? A. may have happened B. can have happened C. should have happened D. must happenG8: 1. If it were not for the fact that she _sing, I would invite her to the party. A. couldnt B. shouldnt C. cant D. might not2.It is recommended that passengers
30、_ keep their cell phones on when the plane is landing. A. not B. need not C. could not D. would not G9: 1. I didnt hear the phone. I _ asleep. A. must be B. must have been C. should be D. should have been2. My suggestion is that Tom_ abroad and he stay here until the project completes.A. send B. sho
31、uld not send C. be sent D. not be sent【本环节教师让学生通过练习，在语篇中巩固总结并让学生各个情态动词的用法，并且反馈学生对于情态动词的掌握情况。练习一让学生在语篇中填恰当的情态动词并理解情态动词的用法并作归纳，练习二，采用小组自主选择任务进行做题比试，通过小组竞争的形式既完成运用情态动词的用法又增加学生学习的积极性，调动课堂气氛.】StepIV：迁移运用：Consolidation and Expansion1）语境：Press Conference 模拟情境：卫生部相关负责人召开新闻媒体发布会，就三鹿奶粉问题回答记者提问。对话涉及到了大部分情态动词的用
32、法。这一部分教师要把对话用多媒体呈现出来，然后让学生边填空边对话。Reporter: _1_ask you a question?Spokesman: Yes, please.R: You _2_(do) a lot to deal with the incident. What have you done?S: A leading group has been set up. All the affected babies have been given free medical treatment. R: Is there any disqualified milk in the mark
33、et now?S: There _3_(be) any, because all milk in the market has been checked and those disqualified have been pulled off shelves. R: Wonderful! Consumers right _4_(protect). The Sanlu Group_5_ (earn) money by doing harm to the consumers. They_6_ (punish).S: Yes. All those responsible have been arres
34、ted.R: They _7_ (feel) sorry for what they have done. I hope we _8_(draw) a lesson from this incident. _9_ recover soon!2) Writing：（Homework）Suppose you were an volunteer for the 2012 Olympic Games, please write a letter to introduce your right and duty , the benefits you can get from the job, and c
35、all on people to do contributions to the Olympic Games and tell them what things they should do and what they mustnt do. You should use the modal verbs you have learnt today as many as possible.【本环节旨在用刚学过的情态动词知识，练习书面表达，培养学生语篇知识，提高写作水平，也是本节课的拓展延伸和考查学生对于所学知识的迁移应用能力。】Step V ：特别说明【本教案教学内容和教学活动比较多，一节课可能进行不完，教师可根据实际情况作相应的调整，或者分两节课实施。】