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1、过去完成时过去完成时强调的是过去两个动作的比拟，一个在前，一个在后。 前者那么用过去完成时表达，后者那么用一般过去时表达。由于过去 完成时强调时间的先后顺序，那么一般与时间连接词连用。如： before, after, when, by, since 等。过去完成时的结构：肯定：主语+had+done+其他。否认：主语+had+not+done+其他。一般疑问句：Had+主语+done+其他？肯定回答：Yes,主语+had.否认回答：No,主语+hadn t.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+had+主语+done+其他？Eg:He had worked.He had not / hadn, t wor
2、ked.Had he worked?Yes, he had.No, he hadn, t.Where had he worked?过去完成时的基本用法：L表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前已经完成的动作，即“过去的 过去”。这个过去的时间可以用by, after, before, when等引导 的介词短语或状语从句来表示。Eg:The film had already begun when we got there .They had left before we came back.He had turned off the light when he left .The boy told hi
3、s mother that he had been hungry since he came back from the school.2 .表示由过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去另一个时间的动作 或状态，并有可能继续下去。常与for, since引导的表示时间的 短语或从句连用。Eg:I had stayed in Nanjing for five years by then.He had only been here for ten minutes when you came in. She told us that she had made much progress since she
4、 came here.3 .当一个由before, after, as soon as等连词引导的从句所表 示的动作和主句的动作先后紧接发生时，由于这些连词本身已经 说明两个动作发生的先后关系，因此，谓语动词常用一般过去时 代替过去完成时。Eg:He （had） finished his homework before he had dinner.He went to bed after he （had） finished his homework.He smiled at me as soon as he saw me.As soon as I got to the bus stop , t
5、he bus started.4 .过去完成时也用于一些固定句型中。hardly （过去完成时）.when （一般过去时）.“刚 就“。no sooner （过去完成时）.than （一般过去时）“刚 就”。Eg:He had hardly arrived when it began to snow.We d hardly left when she started crying.He had no sooner gone to sleep than the telephone rang .The match had no sooner started than she arrived.常与过去完成时连用的时间状语long before很久以前before that year 那年之前by that time到那时为止 before I knew this在我知道这 件事之前by the end of last week到上周末为止when I got to the station在我到达车站时since he came to自从他来.之后