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1、特殊句式1 【2014全国大纲卷】 _the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well.A. Not do only B. Do not only C. Only not do D. Not only do【答案】D考查倒装句。句意：护士们不仅要求涨工资而且也要求减少劳动时间。此处后面的but also被省略，not only引导的句子置于句首时，要部分倒装。故选D。2【2014全国大纲卷】 _ me tomorrow and Ill let you know the lab result.A. Calling B.
2、 Call C. To call D. Having called【答案】B考查特殊句式。句意：明天给我打电话，我会告诉你实验的结果。此句是祈使句，故用动词原形。故选B。3【2014福建卷】 The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, _， reaching 30 in summer.Aif not Bif ever Cif any Dif so【答案】B 考查特殊句式(省略)。句意：这儿的气候很宜人。在夏天时，气温很少达到30，如果曾经有过的话。根据句意可知，条件句应该是if the temperature ever
3、 reaches 30 in summer，其省略形式是if ever，故选择B项。 if not如果不；if any如果(有)任何()；if so如果这样。4【2014福建卷】 It was the culture, rather than the language, _made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.Awhere Bwhy Cthat Dwhat【答案】C 考查特殊句式(强调句型)。句意：正是文化而非语言使得他很难适应国外的新环境。本句去掉it was和that之后，剩余部分仍然能够构成一个结构正确、意
4、义完整的句子，故确定其为强调句型，选择C项。5 【2014湖南】Only when you can find peace in your heart _good relationships with others.A. will you keep B. you will keep C. you kept D. did you keep【答案】A考查倒装句。句意：只有当你内心感觉平和时，你才能与别人保持良好的关系。副词only位于句首，引起部分倒装，可排除B、C；根据时间状语从句中的时态排除D项。6【2014湖南】_what youre doing today important, becaus
5、e youre trading a day of your life for it.A. Make B. To make C. Making D. Made【答案】A考查祈使句。句意：使你今天正在做的变得重要，因为你正在用你生命中的一天与之交换。题干中逗号后是一个原因状语从句，因此前面必须是一个主句才能成立。只有用动词原形才能构成一个祈使句，才是一个完整的句子。7【2014湖南卷】 Its not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do _ makes life happy.A. that B. which C
6、. what D. who【答案】A考查强调句型。句意：使生活变得更加快乐的不是做我们喜欢的事，而是喜欢我们必须要做的事。这里是强调句型，把its和that去掉之后，句子仍成立。8【2014陕西卷】 No sooner _ stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.A. had Mo Yan B. Mo Yan had C. has Mo Yan D. Mo Yan has【答案】A考查特殊句式。no soonerthan引导时间状语从句，且当no sooner位于主句句首时，主句用部分倒装形式，
7、即将主句谓语中的助动词、系动词或情态动词提到其主语前，故选A。9【2014四川卷】 Was it because Jack came late for school _ Mr Smith got angry?Awhy Bwho Cwhere Dthat【答案】D考查特殊句式。此题考查的是强调句的一般疑问句，所强调的成分为原因状语从句because Jack came late for school，故用that。句意：是不是因为杰克上学迟到老师才生气的？10【2014天津卷】 Give me a chance, _ Ill give you a wonderful surprise.A. if
8、 B. or C. and D. while【答案】C考查并列句。句意：给我一个机会，我会给你一个绝妙的惊喜。本句是一个表示顺接关系的句子，故用and连接。if表示“如果”，引导条件状语从句；or表示“否则，要不然”，表示一种相反的假设；while意为“当时候”，引导时间状语从句，若意为“虽然，尽管”，则引导让步状语从句。11 【2014重庆卷】 I spent two weeks in London last summer.Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay, _ you?A. mustnt B. ha
9、vent C. didnt D. hadnt【答案】C考查特殊句型的用法。在“must have done”这个表示对过去的推测的句型中，反义疑问句不可用must的任何形式，因为must用于表推测时仅能用于肯定句。若语境中有明确地表示过去的时间状语，反义疑问句必须用过去时的否定式，若没有明确地表示过去的时间状语且强调现状则用完成时。该题中上句有last summer，故选C。倒装句1【2013新课标卷)Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent_properly in this hospital.Acan be the pati
10、ents treatedBcan the patients be treatedCthe patients can be treatedDtreated can be the patients【解析】句意为：只有将医生的人数增加50%，这家医院的病人才能得到恰当的治疗。本题考查倒装句。“only状语”置于句首时，句子要部分倒装。其正常语序是：The patients can be treated properly in this hospital only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent.【答案】B2【2013福建】Not u
11、ntil he went through real hardship_the love we have for our families is important.Ahad he realized Bdid he realizeChe realized Dhe had realized【解析】句意为：直到他经历了真正的困难，他才意识到我们对家人的爱的重要性。本题考查倒装句。“Not until.”置于句首，主句需要部分倒装，所以排除C和D项。分析题干可知，主句与从句中的谓语动词都表示过去发生的动作，但是不强调两个动作的先后顺序，所以排除A项，选B。【答案】B3【2013湖南】Not once_
12、to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.Aoccurred itBit did occur Cit occurred Ddid it occur【解析】句意为：Michael不止一次想过有朝一日他会成为班里的优等生。本题考查部分倒装。表否定的状语(not once)置于句首，后面的主语和谓语需采用部分倒装形式，故选D项。【答案】D强调句型4【2013天津】It was not until near the end of the letter_she mentioned her own plan.Ath
13、at Bwhere Cwhy Dwhen【解析】句意为：直到在书信快结束的时候她才提到她自己的计划。本题考查“not.until.”的强调句形式，即“It is/was not until.that.”，故选A项。【答案】A5【2013重庆】It was with the help of the local guide_the mountain climber was rescued.Awho Bthat Cwhen Dhow【解析】句意为：正是在当地导游的帮助下这个登山者才被营救了。本题考查强调句型。被强调部分为with the help of the local guide，将本句还原为普
14、通句式为With the help of the local guide，the mountain climber was rescued.判断强调句型的方法：把It is/was和that去掉后剩余的部分仍是一个完整的句子。【答案】B6【2011四川】Was it on a lonely island_he was saved one month after the boat went down?Awhere Bthat Cwhich Dwhat【解析】句意为：他是不是在船沉了一个月之后在一个孤岛上被人救出来的？考查强调句。结合题干和选项看，这里用it was.that强调句结构，被强调的是
15、地点状语on a lonely island。【答案】B省略7【2013新课标卷)The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police_.Anot to doBnot toCnot do Ddo not【解析】句意为：这个司机想要把车子停靠在路边，但是警察不让他将车停在那儿。本题考查省略句。根据固定表达be asked (not)to do sth.排除C和D项。为避免重复，否定形式的省略用not to，故答案为B项。【答案】B8【2013浙江】There are some health
16、problems that，when_in time，can become bigger ones later on.Anot treatedBnot being treatedCnot to be treatedDnot having been treated【解析】句意为：有一些健康问题，如果不及时治疗，以后就会酿成大问题。本题考查省略句的用法。本题完整的句子应该是：.when they are not treated in time，can become.，故选A项。【答案】A反意疑问句9【2012江西】There is little doubt in your mind that he
17、 is innocent，_？Ais thereBisnt there Cis heDisnt he【解析】考查反意疑问句。陈述部分中含有表示否定意义的词little，所以简短问句用肯定形式，首先排除B、D两项；陈述部分为there be句型，故简短问句应用is there，故选A项。【答案】A10【2011重庆】I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did，_？Acould he Bdidnt I Cdidnt you Dcould they【解析】考查反意疑问句。句意为：我告诉他们并非每个人都可以跑得和你一样快，不是吗？在反意
18、疑问句中，若陈述部分是一个主从复合句，附加疑问句一般要与主句一致。本句含有一个宾语从句且主句为“I told them.”，故答案选B项。【答案】B感叹句11【2011辽宁】_a strange plant！Ive never seen it before.AWhichBWhat CHowDWhether【解析】句意为：多奇怪的植物！我以前从未见过。感叹句多用what或者how引导。what修饰名词，how修饰形容词或者副词。plant是名词，故用what修饰。【答案】B祈使句12【2013湖南】Every day_a proverb aloud several times until you
19、 have it memorized.Aread Breading Cto read Dreads【解析】 句意为：每天把一句谚语大声朗读几遍直到记住它。本题考查祈使句。本题选项以动词的不同形式呈现，但根据句意和句式可以看出本题为祈使句，故选A项。【答案】A1对于倒装句类题目分清全部倒装和部分倒装的使用条件是关键。2强调句型和其他句型(定语从句、名词性从句等)放于一起考查是干扰项的设计方式，也是考生的易错点。3省略句中的非谓语动词形式是考生的易错点，需要根据具体的语境确定其非谓语的形式。4在反意疑问句中，判断主句的肯定和否定以及句子的主语是解决这类问题的关键。一、倒装句1部分倒装(1)将含有否
20、定意义的副词或连词置于句首引起的部分倒装结构。这类词(组)有：never，seldom，rarely，little，few，at no time，by no means，no longer，hardly/scarcely.when.，no sooner.than.，not only.but also.，not until，nowhere，neither.nor.等。【2012江西】Never before has she seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.她以前从没见过打网球和罗伯特一样好的人。【2010江西】Not unti
21、l he left his home did he begin to know how important the family was for him.直到他离开家，他才开始知道家庭对他来说有多么重要。(2)only状语置于句首时，主句要进行部分倒装。【2011湖南】Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours did they reach a decision.直到他们讨论那个问题几个小时之后才作出决定。(3)so/such.that.结构中的so，such连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时，主句要用部分倒装。S
22、o frightened was she that she could not say a word.她如此害怕以至于一句话也说不出来。Such great progress did he make that he was praised.他取得了如此大的进步以至于受到了表扬。(4)表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时，用倒装结构“so/neither/nor助动词/系动词/情态动词主语”(so表示肯定意义，neither/nor表示否定意义)。Since my return to China，I havent seen my host mother in America，nor have I h
23、eard from her.自从我回到中国之后就没有见过我在美国的房东妈妈，也没有收到她的来信。注意：so表示“是的，确实”时，主语和谓语不倒装。It is too hot.天太热了。So it is.是啊，的确很热。(5)as/though引导让步状语从句时，可将表语、状语或谓语动词提前，构成倒装。句式为：表语、状语或动词原形 as/though主语其他。【2009重庆】Unsatisfied though he was with the payment，he took the job just to get some work experience.虽然他对那份工作的报酬不满意，但是他为了
24、得到一些工作经验还是接受了它。Strange as it might sound，his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.尽管他的想法听起来很奇怪，但是与会的所有人都接受了。2完全倒装在英语中，把谓语全部放在主语之前的倒装句，称为完全倒装句。常见的完全倒装句有以下几种：(1)在there，here引导的句子中，谓语是be，exist，live，lie等表示状态的动词时，用完全倒装句。【2010陕西】John opened the door.There stood a girl he had never seen before
25、.约翰打开门，他从来没见过的一位女孩站在那儿。(2)地点状语位于句首，主语为名词且谓语为不及物动词时，用完全倒装句。Just in front of the bus lies an injured man，all covered with blood.公共汽车的前面躺着一个受伤的人，浑身是血。(3)若把作表语的形容词、分词或介词短语置于句首时，用完全倒装句。Present at the meeting were some scientists from China.许多来自中国的科学家出席了会议。(4)表示时间、地点和动作转移的副词，如：here，there，now，then，up，down，
26、in，away，out等置于句首时，句子用完全倒装。【2009上海】Hearing the dog barking fiercely，away fled the thief.听到狗的狂叫声，小偷逃掉了。注意：上述情况中，若主语是人称代词，则不用倒装。Away they went.他们走了。二、省略句1复合句中的省略在用as if，if，though，when，where，while，no matter what，until等引导的从句中，若谓语部分含be动词，而主语又与主句的主语一致时，从句的主语和谓语中的be动词可以一起省略。【2013芜湖一中高三模拟】Every day after I w
27、ent home，if not tired from work，I will go out for a walk with my wife.每天我回家后，如果不累，我会和妻子一块散步。【2013天津】Although small，the company has about 1,000 buyers in over 30 countries.这家公司虽然小，但它在30多个国家有大约1 000个客户。【2012陕西】All the photographs in this book，unless stated otherwise，date from the 1950s.书中所有的照片，除非另外说明，
28、否则都是二十世纪五十年代的。2动词不定式符号to的省略及不定式的省略在主动语态中，感官动词或使役动词后接不定式作补足语时，往往将不定式符号to省略；在同一句话或同一情景对话中，当同一动作再次出现在后面的不定式位置上时，通常省略该动作而保留不定式符号to。Will you join in the game?Id be glad to.你愿意参加这个比赛吗？我愿意。3so/not构成替代省略英语中还常常用so/not等来代替省略的肯定内容或否定内容，so/not多跟在Im afraid/I hope/I think/I guess/I believe等开头的答句中；条件状语从句中有时也有类似的用法
29、，如：if so/if not等。【2011江苏】It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine.If so，wed better take it to the garage immediately.听起来好像汽车引擎出故障了。如果这样的话，我们最好立即把它送到汽修厂。三、强调句1强调句型(1)强调句型的基本结构为：It is/was被强调的部分 that/who句子其他部分。该句型可对句子的主语、表语、宾语、同位语、状语等进行强调。(2)强调句型的一般疑问句结构为：Is/Wasit被强调的部分that/who句子其他部分？He a
30、sked what it was that made him so upset.他询问究竟是什么让他如此难过。(3)强调句型的特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词is/wasitthat句子其他部分？注意：强调句型亦可用于宾语从句中，但注意语序要用陈述句语序。(4)not.until句型的强调句型结构为：It is/was not until.that句子其他部分。【2013新课标卷】It was only after he had read the papers that Mr Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to
31、 complete.直到阅读了这些文件之后，Gross先生才意识到摆在他面前的任务是极难完成的。The patient looks much better.What is it that has made him what he is today?那个病人看上去好多了。是什么让他变成今天这样的呢？2强调谓语动词用助动词do，does或did来强调谓语动词，用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定的陈述句中，do还可以用于祈使句。I do hope you can take my plan into consideration.我的确希望你考虑我的计划。四、反意疑问句1must表示推测时的反意疑问句(1
32、)“must be”对现在的情况进行推测，按一般现在时或现在进行时的附加疑问句进行处理。He must be honest，isnt he?他肯定很诚实，不是吗？(2)“must完成时”用来推测过去的动作，强调对现在的影响。句中没有表示过去时间的状语时，按现在完成时的附加疑问句来处理；如有明确的表过去的时间状语，按一般过去时处理。It must have rained last night，didnt it?昨天晚上肯定下雨了，不是吗？He must have known the truth，hasnt he?他肯定知道了真相，不是吗？2在主从复合句中，疑问句应与主句的主谓语保持一致。He l
33、eft in a hurry because there was no time left，didnt he?他匆忙离开了，因为没有时间了，不是吗？3陈述部分的主句谓语动词是think，believe，suppose，guess，expect，imagine，且主句主语为第一人称时，疑问部分的主语和时态与宾语从句的主语和时态保持一致；主句的主语为第二、三人称时，后面的疑问部分与主句的主语、谓语一致。I dont believe he will succeed，will he?我认为他不会成功，会吗？Tom doesnt believe Jane will succeed，does he?汤姆不
34、相信简会成功，对吗？4祈使句的反意疑问句祈使句后的附加问句不表示反意，而表示一种语气。其结构为：(1)否定祈使句，will you?(2)肯定祈使句，will/wont you?(3)Lets.，shall we?(4)Let us.， will/wont you?(5)Let第三人称.，will/wont you?Open the door，will/wont you？打开门，好吗？Lets go out for a walk，shall we?我们出去散步，好吗？Let us go home now，will/wont you?现在，(您)让我们回家，好吗？五、感叹句感叹句的常用结构：1W
35、hat(a/an)形容词名词主语谓语！2How形容词a/an可数名词单数主语谓语！3How形容词/副词主语谓语！What a clever boy he is！ How clever the boy is!多聪明的孩子啊！What beautiful flowers these are! How beautiful these flowers are!这些花多美啊！1【2014福州市高中毕业班质量】It was President Xi Jinping_visited the navy troops and urged to strengthen naval force on April 9,
36、2013.Awhen Bwhich CthatDhe【解析】考查强调句。分析句子结构可知，此处是强调句型“It was.that.”，对句子的主语进行强调，故选C项。【答案】C2【2014四川省绵阳市第三次】Have you seen the movie Under the Hawthorn Tree?Yes，of course.It was in our village _it was made.Athat Bwhere Cwhen Dwhich【解析】考查强调句。句意为：你看过电影山楂树之恋吧？当然看过。它是在我们村拍的。此处考查强调结构“It is/was被强调部分that/who其他”
37、，本句是对地点状语in our village进行强调，故选that。【答案】A3【2014四川省巴蜀名校联合测试】Scientists are still wondering_the Egyptians built the pyramids so long ago.Ahow it is thatBhow is it that Cit is how that Dthat how it is【解析】考查强调句。分析句子结构可知，wondering后为宾语从句，宾语从句中含有一个强调句的特殊疑问句。由于宾语从句要用陈述语序，所以选A。【答案】A4【2014陕西西安名校第五次模拟】I heared
38、that many people helped you.How _ you found your lost son?It was by means of microblog.Awas it that Bit was that Cwas it Dit was【解析】考查强调句。此处是强调句的特殊疑问句形式。是对方式进行强调，应该用疑问句的语序，故A项正确。【答案】A5【2014陕西西北六校考前模拟】I have no idea_made her a determined and kindhearted woman.Awhat it was that Bhow it was thatCwhat w
39、as it that Dhow was it that【解析】考查强调句型。句意为：我不知道是什么使她成为了一位坚定而又心地善良的女性。结合句意可知，空处应用what引导同位语从句，解释说明idea的内容，该从句同时又是一个强调句，故该强调句应用陈述句语序“疑问词it was that”。【答案】A6【2014陕西西安三校高三第三次教学质量】In the middle of the forest_，in which we often went fishing when I was a little child.Alies a deep lakeBa deep lake does lieCa d
40、eep lake liesDdoes a deep lake lie【解析】考查倒装。句意为：在森林的中间有一个深湖，当我小的时候，我们经常在那里钓鱼。当表示地点的介词词组置于句首，且句子的主语是名词而不是代词时，句子要用完全倒装形式，故A项正确。【答案】A7【2014安徽重点中学高三3月联合考试】Not only_to turn off the lights in the kitchen，but we also failed to lock the front door.Awe forgotBforgot we Cdid we forgetDwe did forget【解析】考查倒装。句意为
41、：我们不仅忘记关厨房的灯，而且也忘了锁前门。not only位于句首时，其后的成分要部分倒装，故选C项。B项为全部倒装，故排除。【答案】C8【2014江西抚州五校高三第六次】So absorbed_in our talk that my brother took a wrong turn on the way to the airport.Ahe was Bwas he Cis heDhe is【解析】考查倒装与时态。在“so.that.”句型中，如果“so形容词”提到句首，主句就要用部分倒装的形式。句意为：我兄弟如此专注于我们的谈话以至于在去机场的路上他转错了弯。【答案】B9【2014福建省
42、普通高中质量】It is comforting to see that_，we are doing our part for the environment.Aas small may be we Bas we may be smallCsmall as may be we Dsmall as we may be【解析】考查倒装。句意为：很欣慰看到我们都在为环境尽自己的一份力，尽管我们可能是渺小的。此处考查as引导让步状语从句时构成的部分倒装，语序应为“形容词/名词as主语谓语”，故D项正确。【答案】D10【2014陕西重点中学高三】We pursue happiness，thinking o
43、ne day we will find it.But_it by seeking it.Ararely will we find Brarely we will findCrarely will find we Drarely find we will【解析】考查倒装。句意为：我们追求幸福，想着总有一天会找到幸福。但是，我们几乎不能通过一味追求幸福而找到幸福。否定副词放在句首时，句子要部分倒装。【答案】A11【2014哈尔滨四校高三统一】It is said that no sooner_than it began to rain.Athe game has startedBthe game
44、had startedChad the game started Dhas the game started【解析】考查倒装和时态。句意为：据说比赛刚一开始就下雨了。当no sooner放在所修饰句的句首时，该句用部分倒装。no sooner.than.表示“一就”。另外，根据句意可知，start这一动作发生在began之前，应用过去完成时。【答案】C12【2014宁夏银川高三模拟考试】As is shown in the movie，under no circumstances_faith.Ayou should loseBshouldnt you haveCshould you loseD
45、you shouldnt have【解析】考查倒装。句意为：正如电影向我们展示的，无论在什么情况下，你都不应该失去信心。under no circumstances无论如何都不，位于句首时，句子要采用部分倒装，再结合句意可知应选C项。【答案】C13【2014四川省绵阳市第二次】Bobby, _the alarm clock for 6 oclock，or you will oversleep and be late for the train，Asetting Bsets Cset Dto set【解析】考查固定结构。句意为：鲍比，把闹钟定在六点钟，否则你会睡过头，误了火车的。此处是“祈使句and/or陈述句”结构，故选set。【答案】C14【2014四川省南充市第一次适应性考试】_，I think，and you will settle