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1、考向19 阅读理解命题来源句式高考英语阅读理解命题点来源高频句型 类型一 转折/对比强化句式1. Most animals have little connection with animals of a different kind, unless they hunt them for food. Sometimes, however, two kinds of animals come together in a partnership (伙伴关系) which does good to both of them. You may have noticed s
2、ome birds sitting on the backs of sheep.2. The idea of fighting a noise by making more noise sounds strange, but that's exactly what motor engineers are doing in Germany and some other countries.3. Doctors have found that the "pears" have less internal fat, but the
3、"apples" have more internal fat than external fat. 4. One mistaken idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of perfect information. Quite the reverse. Business, politics, life itself are games which we must normally play with very imperfect information.5
4、. For about a century, French became the official language of England while Old English became the language of peasants.（注意强对比的双方；及双方的不同点）6. While most people use little white lies to make life easier, the majority of Americans care about honesty in both public and personal life.
5、 （前半句与后半句的推测是相反的关系）7. Although many people see this as a successful attempt to bring people closer to the computer, David does not see it that way. 8. After the fire, Christopher Wren, the architect, wanted a city with wider streets and fine new house of stone.
6、 In fact, the streets are still narrow, but he did build more than fifty churches, among them the new St. Paul's. （in fact, actually 事实上，表示转折）9. The best treatment for fatness is to reduce the internal fat. But unfortunately it seems that dieting simply makes an apple-s
7、haped person into a smaller apple and a pear-shaped person into a smaller pear. (unfortunately 不幸地；fortunately 幸运地)10. As a result, English words of Politics and the law come from French rather than German. In some cases, modern English even shows a distinction (区别) between upper-class French and lo
8、wer-class Anglo-Saxon in its words. We even have different words for some foods, meat in particular, depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be cooked, which shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming, while the upper-class Normans were doi
9、ng most of the eating. （even 表示递进） 类型二 分类说明（举例/ 讲好处/讲问题/讲应用/讲特点）There are two types of fat: external fat (fat under skin) and internal fat (fat inside the body wall). Doctors, who have been examining the relationship between health and fatness, have found tha
10、t the "pears" have less internal fat, but the "apples" have more internal fat than external fat. This seems to be what causes the health problems.类型三 原因/结果突出常用词汇：because / as / since / for /as a result / cause / ma
11、ke / contributed to / rest on / rest in / marked by / one result / therefore / aimed at1.As I was not experienced in cooking, I thought if a dozen was good, two dozen would be better, so I doubled everything.（as 引导时间状语从句或者原因状语从句）2. For about a century
12、, French became the official language of England while Old English became the language of peasants. As a result, English words of Politics and the law come from French rather than German. .3. The hot sun had caused the dough to double in size and the fermenting yeast make the sur
13、face shake and sigh as though it were breathing. （cause, make 等表示使动含义的动词）4. Careless methods of production and lack of consumer demand for environment friendly products have contributed to the pollution problem.5. Women's friendships with each other rest on shared emotions and support,
14、 but men's relationships are marked by shared activities.（rest on 基于）6. One result is that millions of tons of glass, paper, plastic, and metal containers are produced, and these are difficult to get rid of.（one result 其中的一种结果）7. The major market force rests in the growing Populat
15、ion of white-collar employees. （rest in 在于）8. the result is no sound. Therefore, by producing a perfect copy of the noise and delaying it by half a wave cycle, we can kill the unwanted noise. （therefore 表示因果关系，前因后果）9. The Youth Summit was aimed at increasing understanding and fr
16、iendship between young students of the two countries through visits and discussions. （aim at 目标）10. So why bother even to try imagining life far in the future? Here are two reasons. First, unless we remember how short our own lives are compared with the whole human history,Second, by
17、trying to escape from present interests and imagine life far in the future, we may arrive at quite fresh ideas that we can use ourselves.11. Many cities around the world today are heavily polluted. Careless methods of production and lack of consumer demand for environment(环境)friendly products have&#
18、160;contributed to the pollution problem.类型四 强调句/倒装句加强表达力度1. It was on October 1st,1949when he joined the Party that he was killed.2. Where was it that you found your lost pen?3. Down fell the mirror, breaking to piece. 4. Among these people
19、was a man named Alfred Butts. 5. Outsides were two men.类型五 使用rather (than) / instead / more than / less than 1.With no windows, nowhere to hang clothes and temperatures below 0c, it may seem more like a survival tes
20、t than a relaxing hotel break. 2.At the moment there is no known way of reducing the internal rather than external fat. 3.In the highly industrialized early-twentieth-century United Stated, however, overproduction rather than scarcity was becoming a problem. 4.Thus, the
21、 ideal American homemaker was viewed as consumer rather than a producer. 5.From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants, rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild. 6.There is
22、 relatively little division of labor into specialized duties. Rather, each person is expected to perform a great variety of tasks, though duties may differ between the sexes. 7.Because of the wavelength of the x-rays used, soft x-ray microscopes will never match the highest resolution possible
23、with electron microscopes. Rather, their special properties will make possible investigations that will complement those performed with light-and electron-based instruments. 8.So there is real cause for concern if consumers distrust the regular food supply and buy only expensive organic foods&#
24、160;instead. 【检测训练】1With the aim of educating both locals and visitors about Arctic animals and the value of preserving Norway's natural heritage. Bardu's Polar Park offers encounters(通近) with hand raised wolves.I stood nervously outside the enclosure(圈地) at Polar Park. Somewhere behind
25、 the wire were five Norwegian grey wolves. "These are just big dogs," I kept saying to myself. “And they probably have had breakfast already.”Stig Sletten, Polar Park's animal manager, said,' "Once youre in with the wolves, lie down and don't stare them in the eye. Let the
26、m approach you. Don't stick your hands out. And absolutely don't stick your tongue out." That we were about to enter a cage full of “socialized” wolves was all down to Stig and his devoted team. It was Stig who founded Polar Park back in 1994. And it was Stig and his team who hand-raise
27、d the park's wolves from birth.“These wolves have all been brought up to be comfortable among humans,” he explained. “Allowing them to meet visitors is actually a good way to reduce boredom and stress” Confident that we understood the strict rules of interacting, Stig opened the enclosure and we
28、 all followed him. Within seconds the pack was running rewards us, eyes forward, long noses down. For an exposed human, the first approach of five grey wolves, socialized or not, was a slightly unrest and heart-quickening experience.But any sense of trepidation was quickly replaced by delight. The f
29、ive wolves turned out to be fun and curious, and eager to check us out as we were them.“Most people consider wolves unapproachable. There are a lot of negative or unpleasant impressions about wolves, both in Norway and across the world." said Stig. "One of our main aims here is to educate
30、both locals and visitors about Arctic animals. Once they've got touch with the wolves of Polar Park, many of our visitors leave with a different view. ”1. Why did the author keep saying to himself outside the enclosure?A. To memorize strict rules.B. To restrict his excitement.C. To study wolves
31、in advanceD. To relieve his nervousness.2. What is Stig Sletter's advice on the encounter with the wolves?A. Approaching them actively.B. Standing up with hands out.C. Avoiding sticking your tongue out.D. Looking at them with a kind smile.3. What does the underlined word "trepidation"
32、in paragraph 5 probably mean?A. funB. fearC. curiosityD. confusion4. What may the different view be in the last paragraph?A. Humans and wolves can bond well.B. Preserving animals turns out easy.C. Wolves are able to protect humans.D. The value of education is ignored.2 For many of us, summertime mea
33、ns road trips to the beach or mountains, or at the very least some additional dust and bird poop on the exterior of our vehicles. The extra dirt leads us to do one of two things: wash our car in the driveway or head to the car wash. But which choice is better for the environment?The main concerns wi
34、th either choice are the amount of fresh water being used and the types of chemicals used to remove the dirt. Both of these concerns can be closely monitored when washing the car at home, says Katy Gresh, spokeswoman for the Southwest Region of the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection
35、. She advises car owners to put aside a set amount of water for the entire wash. “Its just like brushing your teeth, ”she says. “You dont want to leave the water running or use more than you need for the job.” But even following this advice comes with an environmental risk: Washing your car in the d
36、riveway or street flushes the dirty water into storm drains.John Schombert is executive director of 3 Rivers Wet Weather. His organization works to educate the public about storm sewers(下水道)and water runoff, keeping this untreated water from entering the Allegheny regions waterways. “We ask people t
37、o consider washing their cars on lawns or other permeable(透水的)surfaces where the water gets absorbed, ” Schombert says. “Soil can break down and help filter(过滤)those things,” Schombert says. “Storm sewers are not made for waste disposal.” Even when car owners use natural soaps to wash their cars, wh
38、ich Schombert says are probably ineffective at breaking down grease anyway.The commercial car wash down the street knows full well the rules regarding waste water in storm sewers. According to the International Carwash Association(ICA), professional car washes must use water reclamation systems. The
39、se mandated processes not only keep the dirty water out of storm sewers and regular water treatment systems, but they also work to reduce water usage at commercial facilities.5. What does the underlined word probably mean in the first paragraph?A. topB. bottomC. insideD. outside6. What worries peopl
40、e when they have their cars washed?A. The dirt cannot be removed easily.B. Large quantities of water are wasted.C. The washing ways do no good to their cars.D. D The used chemicals are harmless to the environment.7. Whats the disadvantage of washing cars at home?A. It is not easy to deal with.B. It
41、cannot clean the dirt completely.C. It consumes a larger amount of water.D. It does much damage to the environment.8. What can be the best title of the text?A. Do You Put Car washing at Risk?B. Which Is Better: Car Wash or DIY?C. Why Dishwashers Are Better than Hand Washing?D. Do Americans Use Less
42、Water than They Did Years Ago?3Integrity is the quality of being honest and strong about what you believe to be right. The concept of integrity has played a key role in moral philosophy throughout history and is promoted in all societies because of its importance to social relations. Individual inte
43、grity is vital to society, one that enables people to make use of their capacity for critical reflection, does not force people to take up particular roles and does not encourage individuals to betray each other. Besides, societies can be favorable to the development of individual integrity.Individu
44、al integrity can lift up the spirits of the entire society. It can shape the lives of people living in a particular society, the lives of all fellow people and, in its broadest sense, even the destiny of a nation. By contrast, if those living in the society are dishonest, it could have bad effects,
45、jeopardizing the healthy morality of the society.Additionally, a society can be favorable to the development of individual integrity. Society expects and requires integrity. A society consisting of people of integrity, and people who never compromise on their principles, could have a positive mark o
46、n the personal development of its members. Being a part of such a morally lively community could serve as a basis for absorbing traits of good character. This could be of a distinct advantage to any individuals in the society.However, some social structures are of the wrong sort for some individuals
47、 to pursue integrity. If that is the case, we have to ask questions about the moral nature of society first before raising questions about individual integrity. Questions about integrity may turn out to be about what kind of society it is, rather than about the relationship between individual intere
48、sts and characteristics of a society. The pursuit of adequate individual integrity often depends, not so much on understanding who one is and what one believes and is committed to, but rather understanding what ones society is and imagining what it could be.Under no circumstances can we underestimat
49、e the importance of human integrity in a society. People, who are honest, trustworthy, compassionate and caring, are the factors decisive in the growth of individuals as well as the development of a society.9. Individual integrity has been valued in society because _.A. it helps develop philosophyB.
50、 it is important to social relationsC. it is the basis of critical thinkingD. it ensures peoples particular roles10. The underlined word “jeopardizing” in Paragraph 2 probably means _.A. assessingB. strengtheningC. destroyingD. influencing11. The writer believes that _.A. individual integrity depend
51、s on what one believesB. the nature of society is decided by economic developmentC. the pursuit of individual integrity changes with timeD. social structures guide the formation of individual integrity12. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage?CP: Central point P: Point Sp: Sub-point C: ConclusionA. B. C. D. 4We are not who we think we are.The American self-image is spread with