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1、备战2021届高考英语二轮复习题型专练（新高考）24记叙文体类语法填空【命题意图】 在一篇约200词左右的短文中留出10个空白，部分空白后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文在空白处填写1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式。语法填空则更侧重考查考生语法和词汇在语境中的运用，强调词汇的变形。同时强调语篇分析能力，凸显交际性和语境化特征。【考试方向】作为高考新题型的语法填空试题，近年高考英语该题型具有下面这些特点：文章以记叙文和说明文为主，文章长度控制在190220词，10道题中，有67个试题给出提示词(全国卷都是7个)，要求考生；考查的要点分为词法和语法两部分，词法部分包括：1)词类的转换，结
2、合语境考查给出的提示词的名词、形容词或副词变化；2)介词的固定搭配，名词的复数形式及运用；语法部分包括：时态和语态的综合运用，非谓语动词，各种从句等。 从近年课标卷的语法填空试题看，给出提示词的考点主要包括：词类的转换(名词与动词的转换，形容词与副词的转换）；形容词比较级与最高级的变化；名词单复数的变化；动词的时态语态、情态动词和虚拟语气、谓语动词与非谓语动词的变化等。给出提示词考点多为实词，所填写的词汇根据语境和短文或对话内容可以是13个单词。挖空分布均匀，考点的安排注重多样化。不给提示词的考点主要包括：连词（并列连词和从属连词）、介词（动词与介词的搭配、介词与名词的搭配、代词和冠词等。【得
3、分要点】1、给出动词基本形态，填写词性词形转化（转为名词、形容词），或填写谓语部分，或是填写非谓语动词；2、给出词语，词性的变化，如名词、动词、形容词、副词之间的转化，名词的复数形式，给出形容词，需要填写比较级、最高级，或词性词形转化，转化为副词，或是填写反义词（前缀）；3、给出副词，填写比较级、最高级，或是填写反义词；4、不给词语填写限定词的时候，很可能是填冠词、人称代词主格宾格形式，物主代词、反身代词的单复数形式。形容词性物主代词或some、any、other、another等限定词；有的名词前有限定词，比如：序数词，形容词的最高级等，其前用定冠词。【真题再现】【2020·全国卷
4、III】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In ancient China lived an artist. _61_ paintings were almost lifelike. The artists reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their _62_ (fine) work, so that he could c
5、hoose the best. The artist was sure he would. _63_(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperors chief minister, the old nan laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li Riverperhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.Filled with _64_ (curious),
6、the artist packed his bags and left. _65_ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and _66_ (point) down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out _67_ (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved, _68_ (gent
7、le) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds. _69_ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. T
8、he artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist _70_ earth, Mother Nature.【答案】61. whose 62. finest 63. be chosen 64. curiosity 65. When/As 66. pointed 67. to find 68. gently 69. surrounding 70. On【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了一位画家画画栩栩如生，有一天他将画送给宰相时，这位睿智的老人告诉他去漓江旅行也许他可以从世界上最伟大的艺术家那里学到一些东西。画家最后发现这位世界上最伟大
9、的艺术家就是大自然母亲。61.考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。62.考查最高级。句意：一天，皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像，于是他把所有伟大的画家都请来，展示他们最好的作品，以便他挑选最好的。结合句意，皇帝想要画家最好的作品，表示“最好的”此处应用形容词最高级finest。故填finest。63.考查动词语态。句意：画家确信他会被选中，但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时，这位老人笑了。本句中主语he与谓语动词choose构成被动关系，且would后跟动词原形。故填be
10、chosen。64.考查名词。句意：怀着好奇心，艺术家收拾行囊离开了。with为介词，后跟名词curiosity作宾语，表示“好奇心”。故填curiosity。65.考查连接词。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。本句为时间状语从句，表示“当时候”，且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词，不能用while引导，故应用when或as引导。句首单词首字母要大写。故填When/As。66.考查动词时态。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。根据上文they smiled and可知此处应用一般过去时。故填poi
11、nted。67.考查非谓语动词。句意：第二天早上，他租了一条船，出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示“出发去做某事”短语为set out to do sth.，后跟不定式做目的状语。故填to find。68.考查副词。句意：当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时，山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修饰动词moved应用副词gently作状语，表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。69.考查非谓语动词。句意：当他看到雾气从河上升起，山顶上乌云环绕，他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子结构可知，the soft clouds 69 (surround) the mountain tops是独立主格结构做状语，surroun
12、d在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填surrounding。70.考查介词。句意：这位艺术家最终被世界上最伟大的艺术家大自然母亲所折服。结合句意表示“在世界上”短语为on earth。故填on。【题型演练】1阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Any bird that crossed his path would be eaten by Rex, a German shepherd. Rex1. (rescue) from his previous shelter, where he was going to be
13、put down after a biting incident. Last year, he2. (eventual) arrived at Puriton Horse and Animal Rescue.Geraldine was a goose abandoned by owners who could no longer put up 3. her. She wasnt exactly the picture of 4. (warm), either, when she arrived at the same shelter three months ago. The dog and
14、the goose were individually given labels like cruel and dangerous. Neither seemed particularly harmonious with humans or even members of their own species.But when the two 5. (annoy) creatures were offered a chance to hang out together, something magical happened. They chased each other when first 6
15、. (introduce), but Geraldine stood up for herself and that was that. They just fell in love with each other.“Ive been doing rescue work since 1997 and seen all 7. (kind) of strange animal behavior, but Ive never seen anything like this,” said Sheila Brislin, 8. is the founder of the shelter. “Its so
16、 amusing to see them because they love each other to bits. They are very affectionate. She just9. (run) around alongside him all day long and whenever we take him for 10. walk in the woods she has to come, too.”【答案】1. was rescued 2. eventually 3. with 4. warmth 5. annoying 6. introduced 7. kinds 8.
17、who 9. runs 10. a【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。任何穿过Rex路的鸟都会被德国牧羊犬Rex吃掉。文章叙述的是Rex和其他动物相处的故事。1. 考查一般过去时态的被动语态。句意：Rex从他以前的避难所中被救出，在一次咬人的事件后，他将被杀死。句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，主语是Rex，单数第三人称形式，故答案为was rescued。2. 考查副词。此处arrived是动词，副词修饰动词，故答案为eventually。3. 考查固定词组。put up with忍受，故答案为with。4. 考查名词。句意：三个月前，当她到达同一个收容所时，她也不是那种温暖感觉。结合句意此处用名词形式，
18、故答案为warmth。5. 考查形容词。句意：但是，当这两种令人讨厌的生物被提供一个一起出去玩的机会时，神奇的事情发生了。annoying讨厌的，故答案为annoying。6. 考查过去分词做时间状语。句意：当他们第一次被介绍时，他们互相追逐。句子主语They 和introduce之间是被动关系，此处是过去分词做时间状语，故答案为introduced。7. 考查固定词组。all kinds of各种各样的，故答案为kinds。8. 考查非限制性定语从句。此处Sheila Brislin是先行词，指人，在后面的非限制定语从句中做主语，故答案为who。9. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：她整天和他在一
19、起，每当我们带他到树林里散步的时候，她也要来。结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态，句子主语是she，故答案为runs。10. 考查不定冠词。句意：她整天和他在一起，每当我们带他到树林里散步的时候，她也要来。for a walk散步，故答案为a。2阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Devote yourself to the work you do, not the prize you might get. Hao Jingfang, a Tsinghua Universit graduate, is pursuing her passion for writing a
20、nd education.In 2016, she won 11. Hugo Award with her short novel, Folding Beijing, which made her the first female writer in China to bring home this prize. Later on, the author 12. (turn) to education. She set up Tongxing Academy for public welfare education and WePlanets 13. (develop) childrens c
21、reativity after school.Since building her company, Hao has been carrying out voluntary teaching 14. (program) in rural areas. “We 15. (real) want these kids to have better education resources like kids from the cities,” she said. Besides, 16. (difference) from the typical Chinese parents so ambitiou
22、s for their children, Hao suggests 17. (give) kids more space for trial and error. “Let the children handle the reality 18. decide for themselves. If they struggle with obstacles, you can offer them some guidance or encouragement,” Hao said. She also encourages all women to discover their passions.
23、“We live 19. a big, big world with endless possibilities. Don't be too afraid to try something new. When you find the one thing that you want to commit to, you 20. (become) fearless to follow your dream.”【答案】11. the 12. turned 13. to develop 14. programs 15. really 16. different 17. giving 18. a
24、nd 19. in 20. will become【解析 】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了清华大学毕业生郝景芳的事迹。11. 考查冠词。“雨果奖”前面需要加定冠词，表特指故填the。12. 考查动词时态。该句前面有表示过去时间的状语later on，因此用过去时故填turned。13. 考查不定式。句意：她建立童行学院和童行星球，旨在课后开发学生的创造力此处做目的状语用不定式，故填to develop。14. 考查名词复数。句意：郝景芳在乡下实施了很多志愿教学项目。根据句意，用名词复数，表示不止一个教学项目。故填programs。15. 考查副词。句意：我们真正想要农村孩子有城里孩子一样的更好的教育
25、资源修饰动词用副词故填really。16. 考查形容词。句意：郝景芳和典型的中国家长不一样说明主语用形容词作伴随状语。故填different。17. 考查动名词。句意：她建议给孩子更多试错的空间suggest doing sth.“建议做某事”，用动名词作宾语。故填giving。18. 考查连词。句意：让孩子处理现实问题并自己做决定此处与handle是并列关系，应用and。故填and。19. 考查介词。句意：我们生活在一个大世界，拥有无穷可能性in a big, big world“在一个大大的世界”，是固定短语。填in。20. 考查动词时态。句意：当发现自己想从事的事情时，就会无畏地追寻梦想
26、根据句意可知, 句意描述将来发生的事情, when引导时间状语从句, 主句将来时从句现在时。故填will become。3阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Kobe Bryant passed away in a helicopter crash five months ago. His fans were so heartbroken that they held various21. (activity) to honor him. Someone ''updated'' the superstar's soci
27、al media 22. April 1 to promote his sports fantasy novel, The Wizenard Series: Season One, to his fans around 23. globe. The novel revolves (围绕) around basketball team, the West Bottom Badgers, and an incredible coach Rolabi, who 24. (base) on Phil Jackson, the former coach of the Los Angeles Lakers
28、.''The book stems from (源于) my goal of bringing joy back to youth sports, while 25. (teach) important life lessons.'' Bryant said in an interview before his death. Apart from referring to his 26. (person) basketball experiences, he also draws from the more basic and psychological tru
29、ths in sports: teamwork, training, perseverance and mental toughness.While the announcement may not have come 27. (direct) from Bryant, many fans are hoping that the fantastic novel 28. (continue) his legacy. For many others, 29. , it was Bryant's mentality that made him legendary (传奇的). 30. (kn
30、ow) as the ''Black Mamba'' for his passion, persistence, and fearlessness, Bryant will live on through the achievements he impressed upon the world.【答案】21. activities 22. on 23. the 24. is based 25. teaching 26. personal 27. directly 28. will continue 29. however / nevertheless 30. K
31、nown【解析 】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了科比去世后，他的球迷举行各种活动来纪念他。4月1日有人更新了他的社交媒体，向球迷宣布了关于他的体育传奇小说The Wizenard Series: Season One。很多球迷希望可以通过这本书延续科比的传奇，但有人也认为让科比成为传奇的是他的精神。21. 考查名词的数。activity“活动”是可数名词，根据various判断此处用复数形式，故填activities。22. 考查介词。根据April 1判断此处应填介词on，on April 1“在四月1日”，故填on。23. 考查冠词。此处考查固定表达around the globe“全世界
32、”，故填the。24. 考查时态和语态。解析 句子可知，此处是定语从句的谓语动词，主语who代指先行词coach Rolabi，是第三人称单数，且和base之间是被动关系，根据上文的revolves判断此处为一般现在时，故填is based。25. 考查非谓语动词。解析 句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词和while一起构成时间状语，逻辑主语the book和teach之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故填teaching。26. 考查形容词。解析 句子可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词词组basketball experience，故填personal。27. 考查副词。解析 句子可知，此处应用副词修饰动词
33、come，故填directly。28. 考查时态。解析 句子可知，此处是宾语从句的谓语动词，结合语境可知continue发生在将来，且主句是现在进行时，故用一般将来时，故填will continue。29. 考查副词。句意：然而，对于其他很多人来说，让科比成为传奇人物的是他的精神。根据句意可知，上下文是转折关系，故填however/nevertheless。30. 考查非谓语动词。解析 句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语Bryant和know之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，故填Known。4阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。There once w
34、as a King who offered a prize to the artist who would paint the 31. (good) picture of peace. Many artists tried. The King looked at all the pictures, but there were only two he 32. (real) liked and he had to choose between them.One picture was of a calm lake. The lake was a perfect mirror, for peace
35、ful towering 33. (mountain) were all around it. Overhead was a blue sky 34. white clouds. All who saw this picture thought that it was a perfect picture of peace.The other picture had mountains too. But these were rugged and bare. Above was an angry sky from 35. rain fell and in which lightening pla
36、yed. Down the side of the mountain tumbled a foaming waterfall. This did not look 36. (peace) at all. But when the King looked, he saw behind the waterfall a tiny bush 37. (grow) in a crack in the rock. In the bush a mother bird had built her nest. There, in the midst of the rush of angry water, sat
37、 the mother bird on his nestperfect peace.Which picture do you think won the prize?The King 38. (choose) the second picture, explained the King, “Because peace does not mean to be in a place where there is no noise, trouble 39. hard work. Peace means 40. (be) in the midst of all those things and sti
38、ll be calm in your heart. That is the real meaning of peace.”【答案】31. best 32. really 33. mountains 34. with 35. which 36. peaceful 37. growing 38. chose 39. or 40. to be【解析 】本文是记叙文。从前有个国王悬赏看哪位画家最能描绘宁静的意境。最后国王选中一幅描绘在狂风暴雨中，鸟妈妈安静地坐在它的巢里孵小鸟的画，并且告诉人们宁静指的是保持内心的平静。31. 考查形容词最高级。句意：从前有个国王悬赏，看哪位画家能画出最能描绘宁静的画。
39、此处比较范围不明确，表示多者的同类中“最”，good应用最高级形式best。故填best。32. 考查副词。句意：但只有两幅是他真正喜欢的，他必须从中选择。修饰谓语动词liked，应该用副词形式。故填really。33. 考查可数名词单复数。句意：湖泊就像一面完美的镜子，四周都是宁静的巍峨的群山。句子的谓语动词were是复数形式，因此句子的主语应该是复数。故填mountains。34. 考查介词。句意：头顶上是蓝天白云。此处用介词with表示 “具有”。故填with。35. 考查定语从句。句意：上面是乌云密布的天空，大雨倾盆，电闪雷鸣。解析 句子结构，空后是定语从句，先行词是an angry
40、sky，关系词在从句中作rain fell from的宾语，因此用“介词from+which”引导定语从句。故填which。36. 考查形容词。句意：这看起来一点也不宁静。look是系动词，后面接形容词作表语。故填peaceful。37. 考查非谓语动词。句意：但当国王再看时，他看到在瀑布后面的岩石的裂缝中生长着一棵小灌木。此处是“see+宾语a tiny bush+宾语补足语”结构；宾语a tiny bush 和grow之间为逻辑上的主动关系，因此用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填growing。38. 考查时态。句意：国王选择了第二幅画。文章叙述的是一个故事，全文用一般过去时；choose是不规
41、则变化动词，过去式为chose。故填chose。39. 考查连词。句意：他解释说：“因为宁静并不是指在没有噪音、没有烦扰或是没有艰辛的地方。宁静指的是在所有这些事情之中，仍然保持内心的平静。这才是宁静的真正意义。”前面有否定词no，在否定中并列结构用or 连接，表示“和，也，又”的意思。故填or。40. 考查非谓语动词。句意：他解释说：“因为宁静并不是指在没有噪音、没有烦扰、没有艰辛的地方。宁静指的是在所有这些事情之中，仍然保持内心的平静。这才是宁静的真正意义。”此处mean 意思为“指的是”，后接不定式作宾语。故填to be。5阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
42、One day, when I was cooking the evening meal, my daughter stood beside me very still. When I turned, I nearly knocked her down. “Move out of the way,” I said impatiently. She walked away, and her little heart was 41. (break). I didnt realize 42. rudely Id spoken.When I 43. (lie) awake in bed, Gods s
43、mall voice came to me and said, “While 44. (deal) with a stranger, you use common politeness, but the children you love, you seem to abuse. Look at the kitchen floor, and those are the flowers she brought for you.”By this time, my tears began to fall. I quietly went and sat by her bed. “Are these th
44、e flowers you picked 45. me? Im so sorry.” I said. She smiled, “Oh, Mom, thats okay. I love you anyway.” I said, “Daughter, I love you too, and I do like the flowers, 46. (especial) the blue.”You should be aware that if we were to die tomorrow, the family we left behind would feel the loss for 47. r
45、est of their lives. And come to think about it, we devote 48. (us) more to work than to our family-an 49. ( wise) decision indeed. So, what is behind the story? Fill life with love and 50. ( brave ), and we shall live a happy life.【答案】41. broken 42. how 43. lay 44. dealing 45. for 46. especially 47.
46、 the 48. ourselves 49. unwise 50. bravery【解析 】本文为记叙文。文章讲述了作者在一次训斥孩子后，人生认识发生了巨大改变的故事。41. 考查ed形容词。句意：她走开了，她那颗小小的心碎了。根据句意可知，此处应使用ed形容词broken“破碎的”。故填broken。42. 考查感叹句。句意：我没有意识到我说得有多粗鲁。此处为感叹句型，设空处修饰副词rudely，应使用how。故填how。43. 考查时态。句意：当我醒着躺在床上时，上帝的微微的声音传来。根据下文God's small voice came to me and said可知，此处应使用
47、一般过去时。故填lay。44. 考查现在分词。句意：你和一个陌生人打交道的时候，一般都很有礼貌，但你爱的孩子，你却好像在虐待他们。主从句主语一致，deal与逻辑主语you是逻辑主谓关系，应使用现在分词，表主动。故填dealing。45. 考查介词。句意：这些是你为我摘的花吗？根据上文those are the flowers she brought for you及句意可知，此处应使用介词for。故填for。46. 考查副词。句意：女儿，我也爱你，我喜欢这些花，尤其是蓝色的。根据句意，此处修饰整句话，做状语，应使用副词。故填especially。47. 考查冠词。句意：你应该知道，如果我们明天
48、就死了，我们留下的家人余生都会感到这种失去。此处特指家人们的余生。故填the。48. 考查反身代词。句意：仔细想想，我们把更多的精力花在工作上，而不是家庭上。固定短语：devote oneself to“致力于；献身于”。故填ourselves。49. 考查形容词。根据语境可知，此处指前文提到的决定是不明智的。故填unwise。50. 考查名词。句意：让生活充满爱和勇气，我们就能过上幸福的生活。此处与and前的love是with的并列宾语，应使用名词。故填bravery。6阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Wi-Fi is a word which has its own little brother in the form of a complex password which, no matter how hard you try, you can never guess. Generally, it 51. (stick) to the inside windows of cafes and hotels as 52. extra way of attracting customers. Even o