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1、专题10语法填空之记叙文 （2020届河南省名校联盟高三联考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A female Arctic fox traveled nearly 2, 200 miles in 76 daysfrom Norway to Canadaand surprised Norwegian scientists in the process. The fox 41 (equip) with a satellite transmitter by scientists at the Norwegian Polar Institute, where scie
2、ntists wanted 42 (survey) just how far Arctic foxes travel from their birthplace. They found their answer: In less than three months, it went from Spitsbergen, 43 island in northern Norway, to Ellesmere Island in the northeastern part of Canada. The fox moved 44 a rate of 29 miles a day. At its fast
3、est, it traveled nearly 100 miles in a single day while 45 (cross) Greenland. It set a record for the fastest movement rate ever 46 (document) in an Arctic fox. ''This is among the longest 47 (event) ever recorded for an Arctic fox, covering extensive stretches of sea ice and glaciers, '
4、' wrote Norwegian scientists Eva Fuglei and Arnaud Tarroux in a report. The journey was among the longest recorded by scientists, 48 it also raises questions of the effects 49 climate changes have on sea ice and animals that navigate the Arctic. The Arctic 50 (current) faces ''its most e
5、xcellent transition in human history'', said Emily Osborne of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.【答案】41was equipped42to survey43an44at45crossing46documented47events48but49that/which50currently【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一只狐狸在76天里，从挪威到加拿大行进将近2200英里的故事。41考查时态语态。分析句子可知，此处是主句谓语动词，由下文的wanted
6、判断为一般过去时，主语the fox和equip之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，故填was equipped。42考查固定短语。此处考查短语want to do sth.“想要做某事”，故填to survey。43考查冠词。分析句子可知，此处作为Spitsbergen的同位语，意为“Spitsbergen，挪威北部的一个岛屿”是泛指，应用不定冠词，又island是元音音素开头，故填an。44考查介词。此处是固定搭配at the rate of“以的速度”，故填at。45考查状语从句的省略。分析句子可知，此处考查状语从句的省略，原句为At its fastest, it t
7、raveled nearly 100 miles in a single day while it was crossing Greenland。主从句主语都为it，且从句中有was，所以省略了it was，用crossing，故填crossing。46考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处是非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主语rate和document之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填documented。47考查名词的数。among通常表达 “在众多的之中”，其后常跟复数名词，故填events。48考查并列连词。句意：这是科学家记录的最长的旅途，但是它同时也提出了气候对海洋冰川和在北极航行的动物的影
8、响问题。根据句意可知，上下文是转折关系，故填but。49考查定语从句。分析句子可知，此处是定语从句关系词，先行词effects在从句中充当have的宾语，应用关系代词，故填that/which。50考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词face，故填currently。（2020届河南省濮阳市高三第二次模拟）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。Greta Thunberg, a 16-year-old Swedish climate change activist, 41 (elect) as 2019's ''Person
9、of The Year'' last week.In August 2018, tired of the ''refusal'' of world leaders 42 (take) action, the young girl started camping in front of the Swedish Parliament every Friday with 43 sign, which said: ''Schools Strike for Climate''.The teen's act soon
10、spread quickly, 44 (inspire) kids and adults worldwide to take action. By September, 2018, her 45 (week) strike had become a worldwide climate change movement called ''Fridays for the Future'', 46 tens of thousands of students skipping school on this day to condemn the inaction of th
11、e leaders of their respective countries.The teenager, who has single-handedly helped bring climate change to the forefront of the global conversation, owes her 47 (succeed) to her Asperger's syndrome. She says, ''I see the world in black and white, and I don't like compromising. 48 I
12、 were like everyone else, I would have continued on and not seen this.''Though Thunberg does not have a magical cure for climate change, she 49 (believe) that climate change can be affected at a grassroots level by educating friends and electing 50 (politician) that support the cause.【答案】41w
13、as elected42to take43a44inspiring45weekly46with47success48If49believes50politicians【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述一个名叫Greta Thunberg的瑞典女孩，因政府对气候问题的不作为，她每周五拿着写有“学校为气候罢工”的标牌在议会门口露营。在她的影响下，成千上万的学生加入进来，以此敦促政府采取措施。因为这个举动，Greta Thunberg被评为2019年度人物。41考查时态和语态。分析句子可知，此处是句子谓语动词，主语Greta Thunberg和elect之间是被动关系，由last week判断为一
14、般过去时，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，故填was elected。42考查非谓语动词。句意：在2018年8月，对世界领导拒绝采取行动感到厌烦，这个年轻的女孩开始每周五在瑞典议会门前露营，并拿着写着一个“学校为气候大罢工”的标牌。根据句意和结构可知，此处应用不定式作为名词refusal的后置定语，refusal to take action“拒绝采取行动”，故填to take。43考查冠词。句意：在2018年8月，对世界领导决绝采取行动感到厌烦，这个年轻的女孩开始每周五在瑞典议会门前露营，并拿着写着一个“学校为气候大罢工”的标牌。sign是可数名词，根据句意可知此处是泛指，应用不定冠词
15、，又sign是辅音音素开头，故填a。44考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语the teens act和inspire之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故填inspiring。45考查形容词。分析句子可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词strike，weekly“每周的”，故填weekly。46考查介词。分析句子可知，此处考查with的复合结构作为伴随状语，即with + n + doing，其中doing是宾补，和宾语之间是逻辑上的主动关系，with tons of thousands of students skipping school“成千上万的学生逃学”，故填with
16、。47考查名词。分析句子可知，此处应用名词作为动词owe的宾语，故填success。48考查连词。句意：她说：“我对这个世界的看法是非黑即白，我不喜欢妥协。如果我也像其他人那样，我会继续生活下去，不会看到这些。” 分析句子可知，此处是虚拟语气，再结合句意，可知用连词if符合语境和语法，故填If。49考查动词。分析句子可知，此处是主句谓语动词，由上文的does判断为一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词应用三单现形式，故填believes。50考查名词的数。结合上下文可知，此处意为“选举政治家”，故应用名词作elect的宾语，且该名词作为定语从句的先行词，又由定语从句的谓语动词support判
17、断主语that指代复数名词，故politician是复数，故填politicians。（2020届黑龙江省实验校高三第二次模拟）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。I'm a Muslim. Once I was eating at a restaurant,where there was a father 41（seat)next to my desk with his two girls. I 42（overhear)their conversation. The girls were 43（constant)asking about everythin
18、g and anything. And I was fascinated by their 44（curious). One of the girls looked at me and asked,"Daddy,why is she wearing that way?"Her dad responded 45 something that made my heart so warm. He said,"There are different religions,cultures and languages. We have to respect and learn
19、 about them. "He then went on 46（share)his personal experience of living abroad and learning to speak Spanish. This reminded me of a Harvard study that I had read about. Children who 47（expose)to racism tend to accept and embrace 48as young as age 3,and in just a matter of days. Only at that ti
20、me did I realize the importance of the way we teach children about love,acceptance,understanding and respect. It should start from an early age. The 49（early),the better. Kids imitate their parents' views and behaviour. It is you 50are their role model.【答案】41seated42overheard43constantly44curios
21、ity45with46to share47are exposed48it49earlier50that/who【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是两个小女孩在餐厅里好奇地询问事情的故事。在餐厅的作者那时才意识到我们教育孩子爱、接纳、理解和尊重的方式的重要性。41考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：有一次我在一家餐馆吃饭，一位父亲和他的两个女儿坐在我的桌旁。此处seat是及物动词，意思是“使坐下”，和father之间是一种被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语。故填seated。42考查一般过去时态。句意：我无意中听到了他们的谈话。此处“听到了他们的谈话”是已经过去的事情，句子应该用一般过去时态，故填over
22、heard。43考查副词。句意：姑娘们持续不断地问一切事情。此处asking是动词，由副词修饰，故填constantly。44考查名词。介词by之后，用名词，此处their是形容词性的物主代词，修饰名词。故填curiosity。45考查介词。句意：她爸爸的回应让我的心很温暖。介词with“和在一起，具有，用”，此处指“用”一些事情回应。故填with。46考查固定搭配。句意：他接着分享了他在国外生活和学习西班牙语的个人经历。固定搭配：go on doing sth.“继续做同一件事”；go on to do sth.“继续做另一件事”。此处指继续分享了“另一件事”。故填to share。47考查
23、固定搭配。句意：接触过种族主义的孩子在3岁的时候就倾向于接受和拥抱它，而且在几天之内就会接受。固定搭配：be exposed to sth./doing sth.“曝光，暴露”。这里在说一个客观事实，且句子主语是Children，复数形式，所以句子用一般现在时态的被动语态。故填are exposed。48考查代词it的用法。句意：接触过种族主义的孩子在3岁的时候就倾向于接受和拥抱它，而且在几天之内就会接受。此处用it指代前面的racism。故填it。49考查形容词比较级。句意：越早越好。固定句型：the+比较级，the+比较级“越越”。故填earlier。50考查强调句型。句意：你才是他们的榜
24、样。把It is和该空去掉，这个句子结构完整，语义清晰，所以判断出该句是强调句。强调句的基本结构是：it is/ was + 被强调部分+ that +句子的其他成分。如果被强调的部分是人，也可以用who代替that，此处强调主语“you”，强调部分指人。故填that/who。（2020届山西省太原市高三二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In August 2014, paleoanthropologist (古人类学家)Yingqi Zhang and his team went down into a sinkhole on the hunt for G
25、igantopithecus, the largest known primate(灵长类动物)to ever live. They came back out with a mix of bones from the unfortunate 41 (creature) that had fallen into the natural "death trap". None of those bones belonged to the extinct ape, but the team was in for a surprise: The mix included a 22,
26、000-year-old lower jaw from 42ancient panda. And within its worn edges, the jaw contained 43 is now the worlds oldest sample of panda DNAMoreover, the genetic evidence 44(show) that the bone comes from a 45(previous) unknown lineage of giant panda. This animal may have been specifically adapted to46
27、(live) in its subtropical home, suggesting that the black-and-white beasts were once much 47(diverse) than they are today, the authors argue in a paper 48 (publish) in the journal Current Biology. While the 49 (conclude) about panda diversity is probably not revolutionary, the team's work collec
28、ting ancient DNA from the degraded fossils is 50 great significance.【答案】41creatures42an43what44shows45previously46living47more diverse48published49conclusion50of【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述2014年8月，古人类学家张英奇(音)和他的团队在寻找巨猿的经过以及新的发现。41考查名词复数。句意：它们带着一堆不幸的落入自然“死亡陷阱”的动物的骨头回来了。此处指的不止一个动物，所以名词用复数形式。故填creatures。42考查不定冠词。句
29、意：其中包括22000年前一只古代熊猫的下颚。此处ancient是以元音因素开头的单词，表示“一”时用an。故填an。43考查宾语从句。句意：在它磨损的边缘，下巴包含了现在世界上最古老的熊猫DNA样本。动词contained后面是宾语从句，从句缺少引导词，从句缺少主语，what其双重作用，故填what。44考查一般现在时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，遗传证据表明，这块骨头来自一个此前未知的大熊猫谱系。这是一个客观事实所以句子用一般现在时态，且主语是evidence，单数第三人称，故填shows。45考查副词。句意：此外，遗传证据表明，这块骨头来自一个此前未知的大熊猫谱系。此处unknown是形容词
30、，由副词修饰。故填previously。46考查非谓语动词。句意：作者在当代生物学杂志上发表的一篇论文中指出，这种动物可能特别适应了在亚热带的生活，这表明这种黑白相间的动物曾经比现在更加多样化。固定词组：adapt to sth./doing sth.“适应某事或做某事”，词组中to是介词，故填living。47考查比较级。句意：作者在当代生物学杂志上发表的一篇论文中指出，这种动物可能特别适应了在亚热带的生活，这表明这种黑白相间的动物曾经比现在更加多样化。根据than可知此处用形容词比较级，diverse的比较级是more diverse。故填more diverse。48考查过去分词作后置定
31、语。句意：作者在当代生物学杂志上发表的一篇论文中指出，这种动物可能特别适应了在亚热带的生活，这表明这种黑白相间的动物曾经比现在更加多样化。此处paper和publish之间是被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语，故填published。49考查名词。句意：虽然关于大熊猫多样性的结论可能不是革命性的，但该团队从退化的化石中收集古代DNA的工作具有重大意义。定冠词the放在名词前面，名词在句中作主语，所给词conclude是动词，其名词形式是conclusion。故填conclusion。50考查介词。句意：虽然关于大熊猫多样性的结论可能不是革命性的，但该团队从退化的化石中收集古代DNA的工作具有重大意
32、义。固定搭配：be of great significance“非常有意义”，此处是介词短语作表语。故填of。（2020届安徽省淮南市高三第二次模拟）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thirty years ago, an elderly Canadian couple undertook a unique project with the purpose of 41 (help) Canadians have a better understanding of China based on how the Chinese view themselves and
33、 the issues they face.Their efforts resulted 42 the birth of a 1985 book, Understanding China Through Cartoons. They 43 (official) donated it to China on June 10, 2019. 44 (promote) knowledge about China among Canadians, they 45 (found) the Society for a Better Understanding of China in the early 19
34、70s, 46 is now noted as the Canada-China Friendship Society”The elderly couple 47 (be) determined to gift China with it as their admiration for Chinese culture-a role dating back thousands of years.“China is the only nation that has been able to maintain its cultural 48 (grow) for thousands of years
35、,” the husband said.In fact, communication has been 49 best way to promote each others understanding and trust. We need 50 (many) people like the elderly Canadian couple as well as more institutions like the Canada-China Friendship Society.【答案】41helping42in43officially44To promote45founded46which47w
36、ere48growth49the50more【解析】本文为记叙文。文章叙述了30年前，加拿大一对老年夫妇开展了一项独特的项目，来帮助加拿大人更好地了解中国。在1985年出版了通过卡通了解中国一书，并于2019年6月10日正式捐赠给中国，以此表达对中国的敬慕之情。41考查介词宾语。句意：30年前，一对加拿大老夫妇进行了一项独特的项目，目的是通过中国人如何看待自己和他们所面临的问题，来帮助加拿大人更好地了解中国。分析句子可知，空格处在句中作介词of的宾语，可知要用动词的ing形式，故填helping。42考查固定搭配。句意：他们的努力促成了1985年通过漫画了解中国一书的诞生。“result in
37、.”为固定搭配，意为“导致，促使”，故填in。43考查副词辨析。句意：他们于2019年6月10日正式将其捐赠给中国。分析句子可知，空格处在句中作状语，修饰动词donated，修饰动词一般用副词，故填officially。44考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意：为了增进加拿大人对中国的了解，加拿大人于20世纪70年代初成立了加中友好协会，现称加中友好协会。根据语境可知，此处表示目的状语，表目的要用动词不定式。本空处于句首，第一个字母要大写，故填To promote。45考查谓语动词的时态。句意：为了增进加拿大人对中国的了解，加拿大人于20世纪70年代初成立了加中友好协会，现称加中友好协会。根据时间状
38、语“in the early 1970s”，要用一般过去时，故填founded。46考查定语从句。句意：为了增进加拿大人对中国的了解，加拿大人在20世纪70年代初成立了加中友好协会，现更名为加中友好协会。分析句子可知，6 is now noted as the Canada-China Friendship Society是一个非限制性定语从句，空格处在句中指代前面的先行词the Society for a Better Understanding of China ，先行词在定语从句中指物，作主语，可用which，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故填which。47考查时态。句意：这对老夫
39、妇决心把这个礼物送给中国，以表达他们对中国文化的敬仰。本句叙述的是过去的事，要用一般过去时，主语是复数，故填were。48考查名词。句意：中国是唯一一个几千年来一直保持文化发展的国家。分析句子可知，该空作动词maintain的宾语，用名词，故填growth。49考查冠词。句意：事实上，交流一直是增进彼此理解和信任的最好方式。英语中形容词最高级前，要用定冠词the，故填the。50考查比较级。句意：我们需要更多像加拿大老夫妇这样的人，需要更多像加中友协这样的机构。根据句意以及”“as well as more institutions”，可知填比较级，故填more。（2020届河北衡水中学高三第
40、二次联考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式I have made all my final preparations for my first solo concert tour in China. It will be an incredible honor spreading my love for Hawaiian music and culture to new audiences in Shanghai. I will be performing solo concerts at symphony halls in 41 city.I have an 4
41、2 (extreme) interesting family connection to Shanghai. My grandfather 43(raise) there because his great grandfather moved to China in the mid-19th century 44 (establish) the first hospital and university of Western medicine in China. It was called Saint Lukes. The campus 45 (be) still there in Shang
42、hai and has been preserved from the time it was built in the 1880s. My grandfather moved back 46 the U. S. after high school and made his way to Harvard. He and his brother moved to Hawaii and both were 47 (doctor) on Oahu Maui and the Big Island. This tour will be very 48 (mean) for my family.I wil
43、l visit the university campus while in Shanghai. I feel like a family "history detective” 49 (explore) my family roots. The concerts will be a great way for me to share my “hello” with the people of China and introduce Hawaiian music to many 50 have not heard it. I will be doing TV and radio in
44、terviews and performances along the way. Let the adventure begin!【答案】41the/that42extremely43was raised44to establish45is46to47doctors48meaningful49exploring50who/that【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者来中国上海演出之前的所思所想由于与这座城市之间特殊的家庭渊源，这次演出更像是一次寻根之旅。41考查冠词/代词。句意：我将在那个城市的交响乐厅举行独奏音乐会。此处用定冠词the特指前面提到的“Shanghai”，也可用指示代词that
45、表示“那个”，故填the/that。42考查副词。句意：我和上海有一个非常有趣的家庭渊源。修饰形容词interesting用副词，故填extremely。43考查时态语态。句意：我祖父是在那里长大的，因为他的曾祖父在19世纪中叶移居中国，为的是在那里建立第一所医院和西医大学。讲述的是过去的事情，主语My grandfather与raise之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，且谓语动词用单数，故填was raised。44考查不定式。句意同上，根据句意可知此处表示目的，用不定式作目的状语，故填to establish。45考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这所大学的校园至今仍在上海，从19世纪8
46、0年代建成时就保存下来了。陈述的是现在的事情，用一般现在时，主语是The campus，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填is。46考查固定短语。句意：我祖父高中毕业后搬回了美国，并进入了哈佛大学。move back to表示“搬回到、重返”，故填to。47考查名词的数。句意：他和哥哥搬到了夏威夷，两人是瓦胡毛伊岛和大岛的医生。doctor是可数名词，此处表示两位医生，应该用复数形式，故填doctors。48考查形容词。句意：这次旅行对我们家意义重大。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，此处缺少形容词作表语，故填meaningful。49考查非谓语动词。句意：我感觉自己像个家族史侦探，在探询自己的家族根源。分析句子结构可知此处使用非谓语动词，detective与explore之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作后置定语，故填exploring。50考查定语从句。句意：这几场音乐会将是我向中国人民问好以及把夏威夷音乐介绍给许多没有听过它的人的很好的方式。此处为定语从句，关系词指代先行词many（指人），并在从句中作主语，故填who/that。