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1、备战高考英语高频词汇短语句式通关练Unit 4Global warmingSection A：重点词汇精讲e about发生;造成So how has this come about and does it matter?那么,这种情况是怎么产生的?会有什么影响呢?知识延伸e about某事发生It comes about that.发生。How does it come about that.?是怎样发生的?It comes about like this.事情是这样发生的come about相当于happen 或occur,均无被动形式。知识运用1.How did it come that
2、 you missed so good a chance? 2.Can you explain it came about that you were an hour late for such an important meeting? 3.I wonder how it came about a young man was drowned in such shallow water. 4.我不知道这次交通事故是怎样发生的。I dont know . 2.quantities of大量的The problem begins when we add hu
3、ge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.当我们向大气中排放大量的多余的二氧化碳的时候,问题就开始产生了。知识延伸a large quantity of=large quantities of大量的in large quantities/quantity大量地a large quantity of和quantities of后可以接可数或不可数名词,作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于quantity的单复数。知识运用1.A large quantity of oil (sell) to China the year b
4、efore. 2.It was reported that huge quantities of sheep (transport) abroad recently. 3.I can ask him if he can give us a better price if we buy quantity. 4.我知道你曾经参加过机器人大赛,并且获了奖,因此你肯定积累了大量的经验。I know you once participated in the Robotics Competition and won the award,so you . 3.tend
5、 vi.趋向;易于;照顾vt.照顾;护理It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up.它意味着更多的热能将被困在大气层中,从而引起全球气温上升。知识延伸1.tend to do倾向于做,往往会tend the garden照料花园tend the wounded/children照顾伤员/儿童2.tendency n.趋势;倾向have a tendency to do sth.有做某事的倾向/可能性知识运用1.He ten
6、ds (get) very angry when people disagree with him. 2.There is a growing (tend) for people to work at home instead of in offices. 3.The soldiers wounds were skillfully (tend) by the nurses. 4.我紧张时总爱唠叨。I too much when Im nervous. 4.result in导致They also agree that it is the burning
7、of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.他们还赞同下述观点:正是由于越来越多的燃烧化石燃料导致了二氧化碳的增加。知识延伸1.result in=lead to导致result from.由造成;因而产生2.as a result结果;因此as a/the result of由于,因为without result没有结果(1)result in的主语是原因,宾语是结果;result from的主语是结果,宾语是原因,要注意区分。(2)表达“因此,结果”的常用词和短语还有:
8、therefore,thus,lead to,as a consequence等。知识运用1.Such a conclusion resulted his being away from his work for a month. 2.Actually,these misunderstandings resulting lack of social communication may lead to serious problems. 3.He was late for work this morning as result of traffic jam. 污染越
9、来越严重,导致很多物种正在灭绝。4.Pollution is becoming more and more serious,many species dying out.(定语从句) 5.Pollution is becoming more and more serious,many species dying out.(分词作状语) 5.oppose vt.反对;反抗;与(某人)较量On the other hand,there are those,like George Hambley,who are opposed to this view and believe t
10、hat we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air.另一方面,还有一些人,像乔治·汉布利,反对上述观点,认为我们不必担心空气中会有高含量的二氧化碳。知识延伸1.oppose(ones) doing sth.反对(某人)做某事2.opposed adj.反对的;对立的;相反的be opposed to.反对oppose后跟表示动作的词作宾语时,后面的词要用动词-ing形式。在be opposed to短语中,to是介词,后也跟动词-ing作宾语。类似短语还有:lead to导致;通往;stick
11、to坚持;look forward to盼望;contribute to有助于,导致,投稿;object to反对;devote.to 献身于,致力于等。知识运用1.A minority of people opposed (build) a new high-speed railway. 2.(oppose) to the plan of raising prices,the public decided to go on strike on Sunday. 3.My father was violently opposed my going abroad. 他
12、们反对建新工厂,因为它将对当地环境有害。4.They are the new factory because it will be harmful to the local environment. 5.They are the new factory because it will be harmful to the local environment. 6.They the new factory because it will be harmful to the local environment. 6.range n.种类;范围;幅度;界限v.(在一定范围
13、内)变动;变化;排列It will make plants grow quicker;crops will produce more;it will encourage a greater range of animalsall of which will make life for human beings better.它会使植物长得更快;农作物将生产更多;这将鼓励更大范围的动物所有这些都将使人类的生活更好。知识延伸1.a wide range of一系列;范围广泛的2.in/within the range of在范围内;在射程内beyond/out of the range of在范围
14、外;在射程外3.range from.to.从到范围range between.and.在和范围内变动知识运用1.There is wide range of activities for children in the amusement park. 2.In any given office,employees can range age 22 to 70 and beyond,and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge. 3.She has had a number of di
15、fferent jobs,(range) from chef to swimming instructor. 4.The national park has a large collection of wildlife.They range from butterflies to elephants.The national park has a large collection of wildlife,.(定语从句) The national park has a large collection of wildlife,.(分词作状语) 7.average a
16、dj.平均的n.平均,平均数The greenhouse effect gives the earths surface the average temperature of 15 .温室效应使地球表面的平均温度上升了15 。知识延伸1.above/below average 高于/低于平均水平up to the average 达到一般水平on(the) average 平均起来an average of 平均有(后跟数词)2.average out 算出平均数知识运用1. average,there are 2,000 visitors to the exhibition every da
17、y. 2.Mammals weighing sixty kilograms have average brain size of 200 cm3. 3.The cost should average at about 6 per person. 8.put up with 忍受;容忍We do not have to put up with pollution.我们不必去忍受污染。知识延伸put away收起来put aside节省;储蓄;储存put down放下;记下put forward提出;将钟拨快put off推迟;延期put out扑灭;生产put up
18、建造;张贴;举起;留宿知识运用1.Working in that place,these building workers have a lot to put up . 2.The sports meet was put due to the bad weather. 3.He put a good idea at the meeting. 4.I wanted to know whether she could put me for a few nights. 5.She put the dishes after dinner and then wen
19、t into the living room to read her favorite novel. 6.Its so cold that I couldnt bear being kept waiting in the open air.Its so cold that I couldnt being kept waiting in the open air. 9.so long as 引导条件状语从句It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using itif not,turn it
20、 off!只要你在使用电器设备,你便可以把它开着。如果不用就把它关掉!知识延伸1.引导条件状语从句的连词短语in case如果;万一on condition that如果;只要assuming/providing(provided)/supposing(supposed) that如果;条件是2.as.as 的其他短语as well as也;又;和一样好as soon as一就 as far as就而言;至于知识运用1.Take an umbrella with you when you go out case it rains. 2.I can lend you my bike c
21、ondition that you return it to me tomorrow. 3.(assume)that we start out at six tomorrow,we can reach the destination before dark. 4.据我所知,他的梦想是成为一名科学家。 I know,his dream is to become a scientist. You wont find paper cutting difficult if you keep practising it.You wont find paper cutting
22、 difficult you keep practising it. Section B：习题运用一：单句填空1.Theres a lot of (disagree) among these countries on this issue. 2.The rise of prices has been criticized by most of the (consume). 3.Every one of us can make a (contribute) to our country if we make an effort. 4.The tempera
23、ture ranges 14 to 32 degrees in that area. 5.There (be) large quantities of rain in this area. 6.Do you know how the trade war between the two countries comes ? 7.Do you know when this kind of robot came into (exist)? 8.As (state) in the contract,the work should be finished in th
24、ree months. 9.The minister was asked to make a (state) on the progress of the peace talks. 10.The prices of houses in this city have risen (steady) during the past decade. 二：单句改错1.Many quarrels have been come about between them because they often misunderstand each other. 2.With
25、more forests being destroyed,huge quantities of good earth is being washed away each year. 3.His careless speech at the closing ceremony resulted from much argument. 4.It is not appropriate to wear so casual on such a formal occasion. 5.As we know,many natural phenomenon remain to be
26、explored in our world. 6.Most of the citizens are opposed to name the city after an ancient scientist. 7.The student kept on asking his professor why she didnt subscribe with his view.8.Amusingly,she glanced shyly to the young man from behind her fan. 9.Reasons for joining a club at s
27、chool range from making more friends to enrich our social life. 10.There are some small mistakes in your test paper,but in the whole it is satisfactory.三：完型微填空There used to be a chemical factory near our school although we 1 building it then.Every day,large 2 of waste waster were poured into th
28、e river nearby.As a 3,the water was seriously polluted.The 4 water gave off terrible smell,and we couldnt 5 it any longer.So we asked the local government to take measures to deal with the problem.Soon,the chemical factory was closed down and now we are studying in a beautiful environment. 1.A.
29、subscribedB.opposed C.statedD.advocated2.A.areasB.numbers C.contributionsD.quantities3.A.consequenceB.regulation C.rewardD.commitment4.A.steadyB.average C.pollutedD.widespread5.A.put up withB.resulted in C.kept onD.stuck to四：写作1.我们每天扔掉大量的垃圾。(quantity)2.这些垃圾导致了严重的环境污染。(result)3.缺乏环保意识造成了乱扔垃圾的坏习惯。(lac
30、k of,lead to)4.毫无疑问,到了提高我们保护环境的意识的时候了。(doubt)5.只要我们人人行动起来,创造一个美丽的环境是很有可能的。(so long as) Section C：校对查漏一：词汇运用1.abouthowthathow the traffic accident came about2.was soldhave been transportedinmust have accumulated large qualities of/a large quantity of experience3.to gettendencytendedtend to talk/
31、have a tendency to talk4.infromawhich results inresulting in5.buildingOpposedtoopposed buildingagainst buildingoppose building/object to building6.afromrangingwhich range from butterflies to elephants;ranging from butterflies to elephants7.Onanout8.withoffforwardupawayput up with9.inonAssumingAs far
32、 asas/so long as二：习题运用一.1.disagreement2.consumers3.contribution4.from5.are6.about7.existence8.stated9.statement10.steadily二.1.去掉been2.isare3.fromin4.casualcasually 5.phenomenonphenomena6.namenaming7.withto8.toat9.enrichenriching10.第二个inon三.1.B2.D3.A4.C5.A四.Every day we throw away large quantities of
33、 rubbish.And the rubbish results in serious pollution.It is lack of the environmental awareness that leads to the bad habit of throwing away rubbish everywhere.There is no doubt that it is time to raise our awareness of protecting the environment.So long as everyone takes action,it is quite possible to build a beautiful environment.