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1、定语从句（二）修饰物体时关系代词that和 which的区分1. 只能使用which的情况l 非限制性定语从句中。l 在介词之后。l 当主句中的主语被that修饰时。2. 使用that的情况：l 当先行词是nothing, something, anything, all, each等不定代词时。l 当先行词被all, any, some, no, not, every, each等修饰时。 l 当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。l 主句是以which或who开头的特殊疑问句时eg. Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting?l 当
2、先行词在从句和主句中都作表语时,无论先行词是人还是物.eg. Beijing is no longer the country that she was.l 如有两个定语从句,其中一个已用which引导,另一个宜用that .l 在there be句型中,只用that.eg. There is a bookshelf in the corner that is full of books.l 当先行词被the very, the last, the next, the only 等词修饰时。eg. This is the very watch that I lost yesterday.l 当
3、先行词又有人又有物时。eg. I still remember the things and the persons that I met in the college.修饰人时关系代词that 和who, whom的区分l 当主句中的主语是who时，只能用that。eg. Who is the old man that is standing over there?l 在非限制性定语从句中以及介词后面时只能用who 或者whom。eg. There are 50 students in the class, most of whom are girls.l 关系代词whose既能修饰人，也能
4、修饰物，在定语从句中充当定语，修饰先行词。eg. She is the girl whose French sounds very beautiful.Mary has a lovely dog, whose hair turns out white. 关系代词as与which引导非限制性定语从句的区别1. 位置：as从句可在主句前或主句后，而which从句只可在主句后.2. 意义：as从句常是一些固定结构,(如as is known to all, as we expected, as everybody knows等,而且译为”正如.,恰如”.) the sameas, such as,和
5、一样. which从句多为对主句的一种评价看法或因果关系，没有结构要求。He failed in the exam, which made his parents sad.As we had expected, he failed in the exam.注意:当先行词被the same修饰时, that也可引导定语从句, 但意义有所不同。the same.as指同样或同类的事物；the same.that指同一个事物。This is the same watch as I lost.这块表与我丢的那块一样。(不是同一块表)This is the same watch that I lost.
6、这就是我丢的那块表。(是同一块表)关系副词when, where, why的用法以及与关系代词的区分关系副词在定语从句当中只能充当状语，当从句能够完整地表达一个意思时，用关系副词引导定语从句。eg. I wont forget the day when I graduated.（从句完整）I still remember the days when we stayed together?（从句完整）关系代词在定语从句中充当句子成分，主语、宾语、表语、定语（whose）当从句结构不完整时，用关系代词引导定语从句。关系副词when, where和关系代词that, which的区分This is
7、the park that we visited last year. （定语从句中缺visit的宾语成分，用关系代词）This is the park where we held a birthday party.（定语从句不缺成分，用关系副词）关系副词when, where, why 和介词+which之间的关系。关系副词when, where, why可以用适当的介词+which来替代。如：when=in/on/at+which, where=in/on/at+which, why=for+which。介词的位置非常灵活，有时放在关系代词之前，有时放在动词之后。e.g I wont fo
8、rget the date when( on which) I got married. This is the city where (in which) I lived. = This is the room which I lived in. I dont know the reason why (for which) he is absent today. 当先行词为point, situation, conditions, case, position, stage, scene, spot, activity, family, job等表示某人/物所处的情况、发展的阶段或表达某事的
9、某个方面时, 用where引导定语从句, where相当于from which, under which等, 表示“在这种情况下”, “从中”等。Were just trying to reach a point where both sides will sit down together and talk.我们只是尽力想能达到双方共同坐下来商谈的地步。思考：The book I have chosen is Fu Leis Family Letters _Fu Lei shared his views about art and life. 定语从句（二）课堂练习1、 用适当的关系词填空1
10、. This is the only book _ I got last year.2. Is this the book in _ you are interested?3. This is the largest animal _ Tom saw in the zoo.4. Rose still remembers the trees and teachers_ exist in the mother school.5. All the desks _ are bought look really wonderful.6. Do you have any money _ is used t
11、o build the factory?7. This is the second watch _ my father bought for me.8. Is this the room _ you cleaned last time?9. Is this the room _we lived before?10. This is the garden _ they stayed for a night.11. This is the garden _ they visited last time.12. Tom has forgotten the day _ he left his home
12、.13. Tom has forgotten the day _ I told him last day.14. She still remembers the year _ she found her first job.15. She still remembers the year _ she spent in Jining.家庭作业1. When completely devoted to the task, _was often the case, he would totally forget about eating or sleeping.2. Lucy is a smart
13、girl, _ eyes are big.3. You may think of giving up study, in_ case just think it over before making the decision.4. Many factors influence a student in his/her study, most of _ I think are out of a teachers control.5. We went to Mountain Tai last week, _ not surprisingly, was crowded with visitors.6
14、. Sally is showing us around the house, _ the windows are painted green.7. _ is known to us, the compass was first invented in China.8. The newly-built house, _ the roof is bright red.9. Bad language is a stage _ all children go through, and it dies with time _they learn they are not attracting attention with it.10. The digital age enables us to find people _ share our interests, such as collecting stamps and playing games.6