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1、关于高中虚拟语气讲解现在学习的是第1页，共66页Wemetinthisroom.DocometothemeetingnextFriday.IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyhard.陈述语气陈述语气祈使语气祈使语气虚拟语气虚拟语气英语动词有英语动词有种语气种语气三三现在学习的是第2页，共66页虚拟语气虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式是一种特殊的动词形式(verbstructure),用来表示说话人所用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实说的话不是一个事实(fact)，而只是，而只是一种假设一种假设(hypotheses)愿望愿望(wishes)、建议建议(suggestion)或怀疑或怀疑(
2、doubt)等等等。等。ThedefinitionoftheSubjunctiveMood现在学习的是第3页，共66页虚拟语气的考点虚拟语气的考点1、条件句中的虚拟语气的用法；、条件句中的虚拟语气的用法；2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；3、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；4、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法;5、虚拟语气时态的判定。、虚拟语气时态的判定。现在学习的是第4页，共66页现在事实相反现在事实相反现在学习的是第5页，共66页Enjoy three sentences1.If I were you,I would
3、get up early.2.If I had enough money,I would buy a new car.3.If he were Zhang Yusheng,he might see the God.现在学习的是第6页，共66页现在学习的是第7页，共66页如果我再有一次机会的话，我会对如果我再有一次机会的话，我会对哪个女孩说三个字：我爱你哪个女孩说三个字：我爱你If I had one more chance,I If I had one more chance,I would say to the girl“would say to the girl“Iloveyou.”现在学
4、习的是第8页，共66页If从句从句主句主句与与过去过去相反相反had+doneWould/should/could/mighthave+done 过去事实相反过去事实相反现在学习的是第9页，共66页Taste the following sentences1.If you had taken my advice,you would not have made such a mistake.2.If he hadnt made such a mistake,he could have been a winner.3.If I had left earlier,I could have caugh
5、t the bus.现在学习的是第10页，共66页Translate现在学习的是第11页，共66页If从句从句主句主句与将来与将来事实相事实相反反Would/should/could/might do与将来事实相反与将来事实相反1）did（be用用were)2）wereto+do3）should+do现在学习的是第12页，共66页Feel the following sentences1.If it were to rain tomorrow,they would not go out.2.If I had enough money,I would buy a big house.3.If I
6、 shouldnt go to work tomorrow,I might go to the picnic with you.现在学习的是第13页，共66页如果我有一千万，我就能买一栋房子。如果我有一千万，我就能买一栋房子。我有一千万吗？没有。我有一千万吗？没有。所以我仍然没有房子。所以我仍然没有房子。如果我有翅膀，我就能飞。如果我有翅膀，我就能飞。我有翅膀吗？没有。我有翅膀吗？没有。所以我也没办法飞。所以我也没办法飞。如果把整个太平洋的水倒出，也浇不熄如果把整个太平洋的水倒出，也浇不熄我对你爱情的火我对你爱情的火 。整个太平洋的水全部倒得出吗？不行。整个太平洋的水全部倒得出吗？不行。所以我
7、并不爱你。所以我并不爱你。现在学习的是第14页，共66页如果我有一千万，我就能买一栋如果我有一千万，我就能买一栋房子。房子。我有一千万吗？没有。我有一千万吗？没有。所以我仍然没有房子。所以我仍然没有房子。现在学习的是第15页，共66页IfIweretohave10milliondollars,Iwouldbuyahouse.DoIhave10milliondollars?No.ThereforeIhavenohouse.现在学习的是第16页，共66页Have a try 1.如果我有翅膀，我就能飞。如果我有翅膀，我就能飞。我有翅膀吗？没有。我有翅膀吗？没有。所以我也没办法飞。所以我也没办法飞。
8、2.如果把整个太平洋的水倒出，也浇不如果把整个太平洋的水倒出，也浇不熄我对你爱情的火熄我对你爱情的火。整个太平洋的水全部倒得出吗？不行。整个太平洋的水全部倒得出吗？不行。所以我并不爱你。所以我并不爱你。现在学习的是第17页，共66页1.If I were to have a pair of wings,I could fly.Do I have a pair of wings?No.Therefore I could not fly.2.If I were to unload all the water from the Pacific Ocean,and still could not pu
9、t out the love of fire that I have for you.Can all the water from Pacific Ocean be unloaded?No.Therefore I do not love you.现在学习的是第18页，共66页（2.）省略）省略if的条件从句的条件从句IfIwereabird,Icouldflyinthesky.Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.WereIabird,I.Shouldhefailintheexperiment现在学习的是第19页，共66页省
10、略省略if的条件从句的条件从句IfIhadfollowedyouradvice,Iwouldnthavemadesuchfoolishmistakes.HadIfollowedyouradvice,现在学习的是第20页，共66页单句改错1.IfIamyou,Iwouldtakehisadvice.2.Ifitwillbemybirthdaytomorrow,Iwouldgetsomegifts.3.IfIhavemetyouyesterday,wewouldhavegonetothecinematogether.4.Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier,youhavem
11、ethim.5.Ifhewerecomeheretomorrow,Iwouldtellhim.现在学习的是第21页，共66页单句语法填空1.IfI_(be)you,Iwouldstudyhard.2.IfIhadmoney,I_(buy)acomputerformymother.3.Ifyouhadcomeyesterday,you_wouldhaveseen_(see)her.4.Ifyouhad_(get)upearlier,youwouldhavecaughtthatbus.5.Ifit_(rain)tomorrow,wewouldnotgoouting.现在学习的是第22页，共66页句
12、子改写1.If he were you,he couldnt be a loser.2.If he had been there yesterday,he would have seen the film.3.If it should snow tomorrow,we wouldnt go out.现在学习的是第23页，共66页现在学习的是第24页，共66页（3.）用介词短语代替条件状语从句。含蓄条件）用介词短语代替条件状语从句。含蓄条件句句butthat（要不是）、（要不是）、without（没有）、（没有）、otherwise（否则）、（否则）、or（不然）、（不然）、undercircu
13、mstances（在（在的情况下）、的情况下）、inthepast（在过（在过去）去）相当于相当于ifitwerent/hadntbeenfor.e.g.:Withoutair,therewouldbenolivingthings.Iwouldnothavesucceededbutforyourhelp.Butforhishelp,wewouldbeworkingnow.Withoutyourinstruction,Iwouldnothavemadesuchgreatprogress.Wedidntknowhistelephonenumber;otherwisewewouldhavetelep
14、honedhim.现在学习的是第25页，共66页（4)有时条件从句中的动作和结果从句中的动作发生有时条件从句中的动作和结果从句中的动作发生的时间不一致，混合条件句主句与从句的动作发生的时间不一致，混合条件句主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主，从句谓语动词的虚拟语气在不同的时间，这时主，从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做这叫做混合条件句。混合条件句。e.g.:Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodonow.（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。）（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。）Ifit
15、hadrainedlastnight(过去过去),itwouldbeverycoldtoday(现在现在).Ifhehadfollowedthedoctorsadvice,hewouldbequiteallrightnow.现在学习的是第26页，共66页2.名词性从句的虚拟语气名词性从句的虚拟语气(1).Wish引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句与现在与现在事实相反事实相反：过去时（过去时（were）与过去事实相反：与过去事实相反：had+过去分词过去分词与将来与将来事实相反事实相反：would/could/might+Ve.g.:IwishIwereabird.Iwishhehadntdoneth
16、at.(do)IwishIwouldberichinthefuture.现在学习的是第27页，共66页 I wish I _ to have a word with Danny when he was here last week.A.had been ableB.should be ableC.have been ableD.were able现在学习的是第28页，共66页 How I wish I _ as well as she.A.shall sing B.can sing C.could sing D.should sing现在学习的是第29页，共66页（2)2)表示要求表示要求,命
17、令命令,建议的虚拟语气建议的虚拟语气宾语从句中常见动词宾语从句中常见动词:一个一个坚持坚持,两个两个命令命令,三个三个建议建议,四个四个要求要求。即。即1).insist2).order,command3).advise,suggest,propose4).demand,require,request,desire现在学习的是第30页，共66页WesuggestedthatTomhavearest.HeinsistedthatI(should)bepresent.Thekingorderedthattheprisonersbekilledthenextday.Theyrequestedthat
18、we(should)sendthemtoworkthere.现在学习的是第31页，共66页Isuggestthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.Heinsistedthathe(should)besentthere.注意：如果注意：如果suggest,insist不表示不表示“建议建议”或或“坚持要某人做某事坚持要某人做某事”时，即它们用于其本时，即它们用于其本意意“暗示、表明暗示、表明”、“坚持认为坚持认为”时，宾语从时，宾语从句用陈述语气。句用陈述语气。HispalefacesuggestedthathewasillTheboyinsistedthathew
19、asright.现在学习的是第32页，共66页1.Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybody_(obey)therules.2.Heinsistedthatshe_(be)seriouslyillandthat_(send)tohospitalsatonce.obeywasbesent现在学习的是第33页，共66页（3）在主语从句表语从句，同位语从句中的应用）在主语从句表语从句，同位语从句中的应用1）在）在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice等等名词后面的表语从句、同位从句中要用虚拟语气，即名词后面的表语从句、同位从句
20、中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。动词原形。demand(要求要求),desire(请求请求),requirment(要求要求)advice(劝告劝告),recommendation(建议建议),suggestion(建议建议)order(命令命令)necessity(必要地必要地),preference(优先优先)proposal(计划计划),plan(计划计划),idea(办法办法)，recommendation以及以及plan，idea，resolution等。等。现在学习的是第34页，共66页Thesuggestionthatthemayorpresenttheprizes
21、wasacceptedbyeveryoneTheadviceisthatwe(should可省略，可省略，)leaveatonce.Myideaisthatwe(should)getmorepeopletoattendtheconference.(idea,should+get)(表示做出主意表示做出主意)Imakeaproposalthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.现在学习的是第35页，共66页2）在主语从句中）在主语从句中Itisimportant/necessary/strange/nature/desiredthatthat引导的从句中的谓语动词用引
22、导的从句中的谓语动词用should+v。Itisnecessarythatweshouldhaveawalknow.Itisnaturalthatshebetakengoodcareof.Itisimportantthatweshouldtakecareofthepatient.现在学习的是第36页，共66页3.状语从句状语从句1)asifasthough引导的状语从句引导的状语从句asifasthough（仿佛、好像）引起方式状语从句，（仿佛、好像）引起方式状语从句，a一般过去时一般过去时（表示与现在事实相反）（表示与现在事实相反）b过去完成时过去完成时（表示与过去事实相反）（表示与过去事实
23、相反）cwoulddo（表示与将来事实相反）（表示与将来事实相反）现在学习的是第37页，共66页YoulookasifyouhadseenaghostHelooksasifhewerehisfather.Thetwostrangerstalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsformanyyears.Heseemedasthoughhehadknowneverything.Itlooksasifitwouldbethelastdayforhim.Theytalkedandtalkedasiftheywouldnevermeetagain.Note:如果句子表示的是陈述语气，事实则
24、要用陈如果句子表示的是陈述语气，事实则要用陈述语气述语气e.g.:Itlooksasifitisgoingtorainbecausetherearealotofdarkclouds.现在学习的是第38页，共66页2)lestincaseforfearthat引导的状语引导的状语从句从句lest（以防、以免）、（以防、以免）、incase（万一、以防）、（万一、以防）、forfearthat（因恐、免得）引起的状语从句中，（因恐、免得）引起的状语从句中，谓语动词要使用（谓语动词要使用（should）do的形式。的形式。Theoldwomanwalkedslowlylestshe（should）s
25、lipHetookenoughmoneyforfearthatunexpectedthingsshouldhappen.Hestartedoutearlierlestheshouldbelate.现在学习的是第39页，共66页4.定语从句定语从句Its(about/high)time+从句，表示从句，表示“该该做而未做的事做而未做的事”,是一种婉转的建议是一种婉转的建议,从句中的动词用一般过从句中的动词用一般过Itishightimewebegantowork.Weveenjoyedtheevening,butitstimewewenthome.Itsabouttimetheboylearne
26、dtobehavehimself.现在学习的是第40页，共66页虚拟语气特殊句型：虚拟语气特殊句型：5.ifonly 现在：现在：过去：过去：未来：未来：did（were）haddonewoulddo IfonlyIknewhisname!Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice!IfonlyIcouldseehimagain!现在学习的是第41页，共66页6.wouldratherthat现在：现在：过去：过去：未来：未来：Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.Iwouldratheryouhadgone,too.Dontcome.Iwouldratheryou
27、cametomorrow.diddidhaddone现在学习的是第42页，共66页1.Withoutsunlight,orwaterorair,there_nolifeontheearth.AwillhaveBwouldbeCcanbeDmustbe2Butforthesnow,we_earlier.AwillarriveBwouldhavearrivedCarriveDarrived现在学习的是第43页，共66页1.Isitnecessarythathe_theexamination?A.takesB.hastotakeC.musttakeD.take2.Itisstrangethathe_
28、youthis.A.wouldtellB.shouldtellC.hadtoldD.hastoldDB现在学习的是第44页，共66页1.判断是否虚拟判断是否虚拟2.判断虚拟类型判断虚拟类型3.判断虚拟时间判断虚拟时间现在学习的是第45页，共66页1.Ifhehadnotlosthismoney,he_thepianolastweek.A.wouldbuyB.hadboughtC.boughtD.couldhavebought2.Ifweweretobe200yearsold,we_everything.A.willchangeB.canchangeC.couldchangeD.changed现
29、在学习的是第46页，共66页3.Ifyou_thatfilmlastnight,youwouldnotbesosleepynow.A.didntseeB.haventseenC.wouldntseenD.hadntseen现在学习的是第47页，共66页4.Youarelate.Ifyou_alittleminutesearlier,you_him.A.came,wouldmeetB.hadcome,wouldhavemetC.came,wouldhavemetD.weretocome,wouldmeet现在学习的是第48页，共66页5.Butforthestorm,we_apleasantjo
30、urney.A.shouldhaveB.havehadC.wouldhaveD.shouldhavehad6._todothework,Ishoulddoitsomeotherday.A.IfwereIB.IwereC.WereID.WasI现在学习的是第49页，共66页7.Withoutthecomputer,theproblem_insuchashorttime.A.couldntbesolvedB.wouldnthavesolvedC.couldnthavebeensolved现在学习的是第50页，共66页8.Withoutelectricity,humanlife_quitediffe
31、renttoday.A.willbeB.weretobeC.wouldbeD.is现在学习的是第51页，共66页9.“Youareveryselfish.Itshightimeyou_youarenotthemostimportantpersonintheworld,”Edgarsaidtohisbossangrily.A.haverealizedB.realizedC.realizeD.shouldrealize现在学习的是第52页，共66页10.IwishI_longerthismorning,butIhadtogetupandcometoclass.A.couldhavesleptB.s
32、leptC.mighthavesleptD.haveslept现在学习的是第53页，共66页11.Iadvisedthatyou_thejobassoonaspossible.AfinishedBfinishingCtofinishDfinish12Theworkersinthefactorydemandedthattheirpay_beraised.AshouldBwouldCmustDcould现在学习的是第54页，共66页13.MyfatherdidnotgotoNewYork;thedoctorsuggestedthathe_there.A.notwentB.wontgoC.notgo
33、D.nottogo现在学习的是第55页，共66页14.Theteacherdemandedthattheexam_beforeeleven.A.mustfinishB.wouldbefinishedC.befinishedD.mustbefinished15.Thecommanderorderedthatwe_work.A.mustfinishB.finishedC.shouldfinishD.couldfinish现在学习的是第56页，共66页16.Janespalefacesuggestedthathe_ill.AbeBwasCshouldbeDis17.Heinsistshe_right
34、.A.wereB.wasC.beD.is现在学习的是第57页，共66页18.Hissuggestionthatyou_oncemoresoundsreasonable.A.tryB.triesC.musttryD.cantry现在学习的是第58页，共66页19Shemadethedemandthatthejournalists_atonceforIraq.A.leaveB.leavingC.leftD.tobeleft现在学习的是第59页，共66页20.Weareinfavorofyourproposalthatthemeeting_.A.shouldbeputoffB.wasputoffC.
35、shouldputoffD.istoputoff现在学习的是第60页，共66页21.Ifhemyadvice,hewouldnthavelosthisjob.(2010,天津天津)A.followedB.shouldfollowC.hadfollowedD.wouldfollow22.Johnwenttothehospitalalone.Ifhe_meaboutit,Iwouldhavegonewithhim.(2010,重庆重庆)A.shouldtellB.tellsC.toldD.hadtold 现在学习的是第61页，共66页23.Ifwe_theotherroad,wemighthave
36、arrivedhereintimeforthemeeting.(2010,陕西陕西)A.takeB.hadtakenC.tookD.havetaken24.HadIknownaboutthiscomputerprogram,ahugeamountoftimeandenergy.(2010,浙江浙江)A.wouldhavebeensavedB.hadbeensavedC.willbesavedD.wassaved现在学习的是第62页，共66页25.Shesaysshedratherhe_tomorrowinsteadoftoday.A.hadB.shouldleaveC.leavesD.left
37、26.Itsalready5oclocknow.Dontyouthinkitsabouttime_?A.wearegoinghomeB.ifsheleavesC.wewenthomeD.ifshehadleft现在学习的是第63页，共66页27.Hewasverybusyyesterday,otherwisehe_tothemeeting.A.wouldcomeB.cameC.wouldhavecomeD.hadcome 28.Withoutelectricity,humanlife_quitedifferenttoday.A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe 现在学习的是第64页，共66页脚踏实地脚踏实地迎接高考迎接高考现在学习的是第65页，共66页感谢大家观看现在学习的是第66页，共66页