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1、新人教英语必修一 unit4导学案（三）高频短语必背1at an end 结束；终结He went on spending lavishly until his money was at an end.他继续挥霍无度，直到把钱用光为止。快速闪记come to an end结束put an end to使结束；使终止at the end of在尽头by the end of到末为止in the end最后；终于on end连续地；不断地2in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪What left the town in ruins?是什么让这个小镇化为废墟的？快速闪记fall i
2、nto ruin毁灭；毁坏ruin one's health损害某人的健康ruin oneself毁掉自己，自取灭亡3a (great)number of 许多；大量的快速闪记a (great) number of/a good many许多；大量(后跟可数名词复数)a great deal/amount of大量(后跟不可数名词)a lot of/plenty of/a quantity of 许多；大量(后跟可数名词复数或不可数名词)4think little of不在意/看轻Mr.Yuan thinks little/poorly of his money，b
3、ut research.袁先生重视研究，轻视金钱。快速闪记think highly/well/much of.对高度评价/重视think poorly/little/nothing of.轻视/认为无所谓think ill/badly of.认为不好5be proud of为而自豪 (后接名词、代词或动名词)快速闪记take pride in为而自豪6be known asbe famous as作为而出名Paris is known as the fashion centre.巴黎以时装中心闻名。快速闪记be known for因而出名be known to为所熟悉/了解教材原句1The a
4、rmy organized teams to dig out those who _were_treated_ (trap) and to bury the dead.解析：考查时态与语态，以及主谓一致。2_Slowly_ (slow), the city began to breathe again.解析：考查词形转换，修饰整个句子应用副词。3It was felt in Beijing, _which_ is more than two hundred kilometers away.解析：考查非限制性定语从句，从句中无主语。4Fresh water _was_taken_ (take)
5、to the city by train, truck and plane.解析：考查被动语态。5_The_number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.解析：考查the number of，意为“的数量”。6Workers built shelters for survivors _whose_ homes had been destroyed.解析：考查定语从句，从句的先行词与空后的名词为所属关系。7Your speech was heard by a group of five judges,
6、all of _whom_ agreed that it was the best one this year.解析：考查定语从句中的关系代词，两个句子中间必须由连词连接，故不可用them。8_As_you know, this is the day the quake happened thirty-five years ago.解析：考查as引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中无宾语，且从句位于主句之前。9_Congratulations_(congratulate)! We are pleased _to_tell_ (tell) you that you have won the high
7、school speaking competition.解析：第一空考查词形转换，且祝贺通常用复数；第二空考查不定式作原因状语，通常位于有某种情绪的形容词后。10This _frightened_ (frighten) boy whose mother _was_lost_ (lose) in the disaster is looking for her now.解析：第一空考查词形转换，修饰名词应用形容词；第二空中be lost“迷路；丢失；失踪”，且发生在过去，故用一般过去时。课堂练习一、语篇填空But how could the survivors believe it was nat
8、ural? Everywhere they looked nearly everything _was_destroyed_ (destroy)All of the city's hospitals, 75% of _its_ factories and buildings and 90% of its homes were gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves. No wind, however, could blow _them_ away. Two dams fell and most of the brid
9、ges also fell or were not safe for travelling. The railway tracks were now _useless_(use) pieces of steel. Tens of thousands of cows would never give milk again. Half a million pigs and millions of chickens were dead. Sand now filled _the_ wells instead of water. People were shocked. Then, _later_(l
10、ate) that afternoon, _another_ big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped _under_ the ruins. More buildings fell down. Water, food, and electricity were hard _to_get_(get)People began to wonder how long the disaster _woul
11、d_last_(last)二、阅读理解Last year, I lived in Chile for half a year. I lived with a Chilean family and had the responsibilities of any Chilean teenager. I had good days and bad days I didn't understand.Chuquicamata, my host community, is a mining camp. When I arrived there, I was scared. It was so di
12、fferent from what I was used to. There were lots of dogs on the streets, and there was no downtown, few smoothly paved streets, and little to do for entertainment. Rain was not seen very often; earthquakes and windstorms were frequent.I had studied Spanish for two and a half years and was always one
13、 of the best students in my class. But in my first week in Chile I was only able to communicate and needed one person to whom I could explain my shock. I couldn't speak the thoughts in my head and there were so many.Most exchange students experience this like me. Culture shock presents itself in
14、 everything from increased aggression towards the people to lack of appetite (食欲). I was required to overcome all the difficulties.As time passed, everything changed. I began to forget words in English and to dream in Spanish and love Chilean food. I got used to not depending on expensive things for
15、 fun. Fun in Chuquicamata was being with people. And I took math, physics, chemistry, biology, Spanish, art, and philosophy.But the sacrifices were nothing compared to the gain. I learned how to accept and to succeed in another culture. I now have a deeper understanding of both myself and others.1.
16、The author went to Chile last year with the purpose of _.A. paying a visit to Chile as a tourist B. experiencing Chilean life as a teacherC. studying Chilean culture as a college studentD. studying knowledge as an exchange student答案及解析：1. D。细节理解题。综合第三段的“I had studied Spanish for two and a half
17、years and was always one of the best students in my class.”和第四段的“Most exchange students experience this like me.”可判断作者是一名交换生。2. On arriving in Chile, why did the author feel frightened?A. Because he did not know how to get along with the local people.B. Because it was full of dangers like earthquake
18、s and windstorms.C. Because its living conditions were worse than what he was used to.D. Because it was not convenient for him to shop there.答案及解析：2C。细节理解题。文章第二段提到：“It was so different from what I was used to.” 再从街道环境、购物环境、娱乐设施、自然条件等方面描写智利比较差的生活条件，由此可知作者是因为智利生活条件比他原先习惯的生活差许多而产生恐惧心理。3. In the first w
19、eek in Chile the author _.A. was not used to eating Chilean foodB. had some friends to have a chat withC. couldn't communicate with peopleD. couldn't express his thoughts in English答案及解析：3A。细节理解题。来到智利的第一周，作者还在承受着culture shock 的痛苦，综合第四段“Culture shock presents itself in everything from increas
20、ed aggression towards the people to lack of appetite (食欲)”和第五段的“As time passed, everything changed. I began to forget words in English and to dream in Spanish and love Chilean food.” 可判断，不习惯智利的饮食是作者来到智利的第一周出现的。4. What did the author most probably think of his life in Chile?A. Wonderful and worthwhil
21、e.B. Difficult but meaningful.C. Difficult and meaningless.D. Boring and disappointing.答案及解析：4B。推理判断题。综合第四段的“I was required to overcome all the difficulties.”和最后一段“But the sacrifices were nothing compared to the gain.”可知，作者最有可能会认为自己在智利的生活不容易， 但尽管如此还是很有意义的，因为它让作者学到了很多东西。5. According to the passage, w
22、hich of the following statements about Chile is true?A. Its official language is Spanish and English.B. It is a developing country without foreign students.C. It seldom rains and natural disasters often happen.D. Most Chileans are not friendly to foreigners.答案及解析：5C。细节理解题。根据第二段的“Rain was not seen very often; earthquakes and windstorms were frequent.” 可判断C项正确。6