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1、 语法专题被动语态1. 被动语态是高考英语学习的重要语法项目之一，它的结构和用法比较复杂， 也很容易出现很多的陷阱题，是高中阶段英语学习的一个重点。2. 被动语态在高考中经常和时态一起考察，一般出现 1-2 题，分值 1-2 分。除了直接在选择题、语法填空中考到，任务型写作和基础写作中也会用到，另外，在阅读理解中正确理解被动语态的含义也非常重要。3. 在英语中，被动语态使用得比汉语要普遍，因此被动语态在英语中极为重要。许多课本及考试乃至实际应用中都常常涉及到被动语态。被动语态的定义英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被
2、动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。【即学即练】请写出下面的句子是主动语态还是被动语态。1)You are required to do this. 2)The story was told by her. 3)She has read the novel. 4)The problem will be discussed tomorrow. 5)The road is being widened. 6)The new tool was being made. 7)He said that work had been finished. 被动语态构成被动语态的构成：助动词be（或get）+过去分词，助
3、动词be（或get）有时态，人称和数的变化。被动语态的形式：一般现在时：am/is/are done一般过去时：was/were done一般将来时：will/shall be done过去将来时：would be done现在进行时：am/is/are being done过去进行时：was/were being done现在完成时：has/have been done过去完成时：had been done经典例句：Fast food is served here. 这儿卖快餐。The new film will be shown next week. 这部新电影将会在下周放映。The co
4、ncert has been put off till next week. 音乐会已经被推迟到下周了。何种情况下使用被动语态：当不知道或没有必要说出动作的执行者，或者动作本身更为重要时，动词使用被动语态。例：Too much books have been written about the Second World War. 关于第二次世界大战的书太多了。主动形式表被动意义：1.英语中有很多动词如 break, catch, clean, drive, lock, open, sell, read, write,wash 等当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义
5、，主语通常是物。例：This kind of cloth washes well.注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。试比较：The door wont lock.（指门本身有毛病）The door wont be locked.（指不会有人来锁门, 指“门没有锁”是人的原因）2.表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out 等以主动形式表示被动意义。例：How d
6、o the newspapers come out? 这些报纸是如何出来的呢？3.系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, book, feel 等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。例：Your reason sounds reasonable.练习题：单项选择 （ ）1The Olympic Games _every four years. A are held B were held Care holding Dwill ho1d（ ）2. In the art show，a lot of laughter _ _to foreign
7、 friends by the Chinese paintings A is giving B was given C will give D has give （ ）3. Today Chinese is becoming more and more popular. It _in. many schools around the world. A. teaches B. is teaching C. has taught D. is taught（ ）4. Ba Jin, one of the greatest writers in China, _as Peoples Writer. A
8、. is regarded B. has regarded C. is regarding D. regards（ ）5. Usually computers _to search the Internet. A. use B. are using C. are used D. used（ ）6. -Do you often clean your classroom? -Yes. _ Our classroom every day. A. it cleans B. we are cleans C. we clean（ ）7.一Did you hear that water in Tai Lak
9、e smells terrible? 一YesIn fact，it _.Thats all because of the factories around A polluted B was polluted C has polluted Dwas pollute（ ）8. -Our environment is getting worse than before. -Youre right. But thanks to Earth Day , people _more and more to protect(保护)the earth.A. has done B. have done C. ar
10、e done（ ）9. -I feel very happy that I _to be the host. -Congratulations!A. Choose B. am chosen C. was chosen D. haven chosen（ ）10. Many trees and flowers _ in our school last year Aplant Bplanted Chave planted Dwere planted（ ）11.Some famous paintings _in the hall next week. A. will show B. were show
11、n C. is shown D. will be shown（ ）12. A talk on developments in science and technology in the school hall next week . A. given B. will be given C. has been given D. gives（ ）13.-Great changes have taken place in this city. -Right. Many modern tall buildings have been _ these days. A. build B. building C. built D. are built（ ）14.Twelve-year-old should not to drive in China. A. allow B. be allow C. allowed D. be allowed（ ）I _ into Nanjing University in 2016, and then majored in math.A.was admittingB.was admittedC.admittedD.have been admitted参考答案：A B D A C C B B C D D B C D B5