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1、核心素养测评七 Unit 1The world of our senses. 阅读理解AWhen I was three years old, I couldnt speak. It was a strange reality that none of the doctors I visited could understand. One day, I was shadowing (尾随) my mother. She found herself looking in a mirror, and through it our eyes met. She began to speak to me
2、 through the reflection, and I slowly began to mimic (模仿) her mouths movements until I formed a word. It turns out that Im deaf in my left ear, and have a slight problem in my right. Being hard of hearing has been difficult, but Ive never lived in a state of self-hating sorrow. Imagine being able to
3、 shut out all sounds as you lay your head down to sleep by simply rolling over onto one side. Thats my reality when I sleep on my “good ear”, and it makes me feel like a superhero sometimes. People call my deaf side my “bad ear”, but when I wear my hearing aid, I have access to a range of features t
4、hat some other deaf people dont. In cinemas, for example, with one click of a button I can enjoy a whole film as though it were whispered to me from the mouths of the actors. Owning a hearing aid hasnt always felt good, however. On the first day I got my aid, when I was eight, I took it to school fo
5、r show-and-tell. As I explained how it worked to my classmates, a boy yelled out, “Arent those for old men? ” At that moment, I felt different. It took a long time for me to get over that sense of being so unlike my peers. But its not just schoolkids who can make us deaf and hard-of-hearing people f
6、eel like burdens. Every video on social media that lacks subtitles (字幕), for example, means an entire community of deaf people is unable to enjoy it. Completely deaf people are excluded from enjoying many movies too, as subtitles in cinemas are almost impossible to find. And with hearing aids costin
7、g around $2, 500 each, it can be hard for many people to afford to be able to listen to the things that others take for granted. As for me, I can listen to music, enjoy films, and catch conversationsIm lucky. Im deaf, but I can still hear everything. Ive been blessed with wonderful life experiences,
8、 and I am human. And when it comes to sleeping, Im even superhuman. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文, 主要讲述了作者积极应对自己听力障碍的励志故事。1. How does the author view his hearing difficulty? A. Its a disaster and causes him a lot of trouble. B. It gave him a chance to experience something special. C. It made him feel embarrassed i
9、n front of his classmates. D. It helped him to live in his own world without being interrupted. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据对第三段的整体理解, 尤其是最后一句“Thats my reality when I sleep on my good ear, and it makes me feel like a superhero sometimes. ”可推知, 听力障碍让作者有了与众不同的体验, 与最后一段倒数第二句“Ive been blessed with wonderful life exp
10、eriences, and I am human. ”呼应, 故选B。2. What can be inferred from the passage about the author? A. He was born deaf. B. He is optimistic and helpful. C. His family and classmates have supported him a lot. D. The hearing aid brings much convenience to his daily life. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“People call m
11、y deaf side my bad ear, but when I wear my hearing aid, I have access to a range of features that some other deaf people dont. ”和对本段的整体理解可推知, 助听器给作者的生活带来了诸多便利, 故选D。3. What is the authors attitude toward his life? A. Grateful. B. Anxious. C. Excited. D. Disappointed. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“As for me,
12、 I can listen to music, enjoy films, and catch conversationsIm lucky. ”和第四句“Ive been blessed with wonderful life experiences, and I am human. ”可推知, 作者对自己的生活充满感激之情, 故选A。4. What is the authors main purpose in writing the passage? A. To give advice on life to disabled people. B. To show how difficult l
13、ife is for disabled people. C. To share his experience of treating a disadvantage with gratitude. D. To show the convenience a hearing aid could bring. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据对全文的整体理解可知, 本文主要讲述了作者积极应对听力障碍的励志故事, 故选C。【知识拓展】长难句分析In cinemas, for example, with one click of a button I can enjoy a whole film as th
14、ough it were whispered to me from the mouths of the actors. 分析: 本句是主从复合句。as though引导的方式状语从句与现实相反, 故谓语动词用were。翻译: 例如, 在电影院, 只需点击一个按钮, 我就可以欣赏整部电影, 就像演员们对我耳语一样。BWhen medical staff are in full scrubs(手术衣), their faces are almost completely covered by their caps and face masks, and we can only see their
15、eyes and eyebrows. In order to solve the problem, doctor in Sydney Australia, called Rob Hackett launched a campaign named “Theatre(手术室) Cap Challenge” to encourage medical staff to write their names and roles on their caps. At first, his colleagues didnt take it seriously. However, with time going
16、on, it has been adopted around the world with studies from the US and UK reporting how this simple idea can decrease human errors in health care. “I went to a theatre where there were about 20 doctors and nurses in the room, ” Dr. Rob Hackett said. “I struggled to even ask to be passed some gloves b
17、ecause the person I was pointing to thought I was pointing to the person behind him, because I dont know their names, ” said Rob. As we all know, doctors are a stressful profession. When faced with life and death, they need to save the patients life for a second. At the moment, effective communicati
18、on is important. “The Theatre Cap Challenge is in response to the concern that avoidable mistakes and poor communication are contributing to many harmful events for our patients, ” said Rob. “We need to develop systems which reduce mistakes and misunderstanding without causing any harm. Besides, we
19、need to let the patients know were humans, ” he added. On the other hand, from the patients viewpoint, caps with names on them can make patients more unworried. When everyone appears the same, it is extremely difficult to distinguish who is who. Knowing the name and position of every staff member ar
20、ound them can make them relaxed. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 文章介绍了澳大利亚医生Rob发起了一项运动, 该运动旨在鼓励医务人员在手术帽上写上名字和职位, 以便改善医务人员之间的交流, 减少错误的发生, 同时也使病人更加放松。 5. What can we learn from Paragraph 1? A. Hospital staff are asked to cover their faces in hospitals. B. Rob is in favor of writing names and roles on caps. C. Rob wan
21、ted to be a professional doctor in the near future. D. Robs idea can increase human errors in health care. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段中的 Rob Hackett launched a campaign named “Theatre Cap Challenge” to encourage medical staff to write their names and roles on their caps. 可知, Rob发起活动, 鼓励医务人员在手术帽上写上名字和职位, 由此可知
22、他支持在手术帽上写上名字和职位, 故B项正确。6. What can we know about the “Theatre Cap Challenge”? A. It can make the caps more fashionable. B. It is opposed by all the doctors and nurses. C. It aims to reduce mistakes and improve poor communicationD. It can help people pass some gloves in a theatre. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段中
23、Rob的经历和第三段中的“The Theatre Cap Challenge is in response to the concern that avoidable mistakes and poor communication are contributing to many harmful events for our patients ”可知, “Theatre Cap Challenge”这项活动的目的是减少错误、改善交流不畅的局面, 故C项正确。7. Which of the following best explains “were humans” underlined in P
24、aragraph 3? A. Were generous. B. Were negative. C. Were satisfied. D. Were kind. 【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据画线部分所在句及其前一句可知, 我们需要开发减少错误和误解而不对病人造成伤害的系统; 此外, 我们需要让病人知道医务人员也是人, 即让病人感受到医务人员的善意。D项与画线部分表达的意思最为接近。8. What may be the patients attitude towards the campaign? A. Supportive. B. Disapproving. C. Doubtful. D.
25、Uncaring. 【解析】选A。观点态度题。根据最后一段可知, 手术帽标注名字以及职位可以让病人不再焦虑, 并且感到放松; 由此可推知, 病人对这一做法应该是支持的, 故A项正确。. 阅读填句(2020合肥模拟)Chocolate is popular with people around the world. Hot chocolate has been used for many years to treat diseases and fight bad moods. Its known as a special healthy drink from the 16th to 19th c
26、enturies, and sometimes was taken as a medicine. 1 Lets enjoy the following health benefits of drinking hot chocolate. 2 Drinking hot chocolate can help improve your brain power and improve your overall brain health. The flavonoids (类黄酮) increase the blood flow and oxygen to your brain, helping you
27、think better. If you want to improve your memory, try drinking two cups of hot chocolate a day. It contains more antioxidants (抗氧化物). 3 So drinking hot chocolate is a better way to get chocolates powerful antioxidants than drinking green tea and wine. Hot chocolate contains a little bit more antioxi
28、dants than a bar of chocolate, which are released when the drink is heated up. It improves your mood. Chocolate, including hot chocolate, is a well-known mood adjuster. 4 Hot chocolate contributes to the release of a beneficial chemical, which helps improve your mood and make you feel happier. Its g
29、ood for your heart health. The flavonoids found in hot chocolate are good for your heart health. 5 Choose healthy hot chocolate and be sure to drink it in moderation. Remember, chocolate itself contains sugar and fat, so you cant allow yourself to drink more than two cups a day. A. It can help you l
30、ose weight. B. It improves your brain health. C. This tasty drink helps fight stress, anxiety and depression. D. Hot chocolate contains more antioxidants than green tea and wine. E. Flavonoids reduce the risk of heart disease by lowering blood pressure. F. Drinking hot chocolate helps prevent the ab
31、sorption of nutrition from other foods. G. Now, people dont consider hot chocolate as a medicine but drink it even more than ever. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 主要介绍了喝热巧克力的作用: 提高大脑的健康; 含有更多的抗氧化物; 改善人的情绪; 有益于心脏健康。1. 【解析】选G。根据空处后一句“Lets enjoy the following health benefits of drinking hot chocolate. ”可知, 设空处应承上启下, 说
32、明现代人当下更喜欢喝热巧克力的事实, 故G项正确。2. 【解析】选B。根据空处所在的位置可知, 空处为该段的主题句; 根据空处后一句“Drinking hot chocolate can help improve your brain power and improve your overall brain health. ”可知, 该段主要讲述了喝热巧克力对大脑健康的积极作用, 故B项正确。3. 【解析】选D。根据空处后一句“So drinking hot chocolate is a better way to get chocolates powerful antioxidants th
33、an drinking green tea and wine. ”可知, 比起喝绿茶和葡萄酒, 喝热巧克力是获得巧克力强效抗氧化物的更好方法。据此可推知, D项“热巧克力比绿茶和葡萄酒含有更多的抗氧化物”符合语境。4. 【解析】选C。根据该段主题句“It improves your mood. ”可知, 该段主要讲述喝热巧克力可以改善人的情绪; 结合语境可知, 热巧克力可以帮助人们克服紧张、焦虑和沮丧, 故C项正确。5. 【解析】选E。根据该段主题句可知, 该段主要讲述热巧克力对心脏健康有好处; 结合该段第二句可知, 热巧克力中含有的类黄酮有益于心脏健康, 因而可以推断, 空处应介绍类黄酮的作
34、用, 即其通过降低血压来降低患心脏病的风险, 故E项正确。. 语法填空阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2020年山东新高考模拟)On the morning of her grandsons wedding, Peg McCormack received some bad news. The 91-year-old was in the hospital after a fall when she found out she would be unable to attend the 1. (celebrate)in Madison, New Jersey.
35、 Unknown to McCormack, her grandson Brian 2. his wife Lauren had made a heartfelt plan 3. (include)her in the days activities. 4. (follow)by a wedding photographer, the couple made a surprise visit 5. the hospital before heading to the reception. “She was so excited to watch 6. (we)get married, ”the
36、 bride said. “She was simply living for this wedding. So we brought the wedding to her. ”“When we walked into that room, she was 7. (obvious)shocked, ”the photographer said. “She just kept 8. (say)I cant believe youre here! and thanking them for coming to see her. The way she held their hands, 9. (t
37、ouch)their faces and just looked at them, you could tell they had such a special bond. I dont think she released Brians hand 10. entire time that we were in the room. ”“It meant the world to bring the wedding to her, ”the groom said. “It was such a small portion of the day to trade in for such a spe
38、cial moment. ”【文章大意】Peg McCormack因为摔伤住院, 不能参加外孙的婚礼, 但是这一对新人却送给了Peg McCormack一个惊喜。1. 【解析】celebration。考查名词。作动词attend的宾语, 应使用名词celebration。2. 【解析】and。考查并列连词。分析句子结构可知, 该空前后her grandson Brian和 his wife Lauren共同充当句子的主语, 并在逻辑上是并列关系, 故填and。3. 【解析】to include。考查非谓语动词。include意为“包含”。作名词plan的后置定语, 应使用动词不定式。4. 【解
39、析】Followed。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, follow by在句中作状语, 和句子主语the couple在逻辑上是被动关系, 故应使用过去分词。5. 【解析】to。考查介词。make a visit to sb. 是固定短语。6. 【解析】us。考查人称代词。作动词watch的宾语, 应使用人称代词的宾格形式。7. 【解析】obviously。考查副词。修饰动词应使用副词形式。8. 【解析】saying。考查非谓语动词。keep doing意为“持续做某事”, 故填saying。9. 【解析】touched。考查时态。分析句子结构可知, touch和held及looked a
40、t都是并列谓语, 应使用动词的过去式形式。故填touched。10. 【解析】the。考查冠词。此处表示特指, 应使用定冠词。阅读理解Travel can be fun, but when you have to move with a disability, getting from point A to point B can become frustrating. Airlines know this and do their part to make air travel as comfortable as they can for every passenger. Here are
41、some tips and information on what major airlines do for travelers who need extra support when flying. UnitedWhen flying with United, call the airlines disability desk (1-800-228-2744) 48 hours in advance of travel if youll be traveling with an assistive device so they can ensure your device can be u
42、sed in flight. Any special needs you have should be mentioned when you make your reservation so the airline staff can do their best to help you. This includes the need for assistance in getting to your gate, boarding, getting to your seat, deplaning or connecting. DeltaDepending on the type and age
43、of the aircraft, accessible features of Deltas aircraft include movable armrests of seats, wheelchair space, on-board wheelchairs and, on larger airplanes, wheelchair-accessible washrooms. Depending on the aircraft, they also provide seats with a movable aisle armrest for passengers needing to trans
44、fer from a boarding wheelchair to their own seat more easily. US AirwaysWhen traveling with US Airways, if you have a mobility disability and need special seating, call 800-428-4322 at least 24 hours before your scheduled departure to ensure your needs are met. Besides seats with movable armrests, t
45、he airline also provides seats with more legroom for passengers with an immobilized leg. The airline can also provide an on-board wheelchair but let them know 48 hours in advance if you need one. SouthwestIf youre flying with Southwest and you need a wheelchair at the airport, or need other special
46、assistance, its best to inform the airline in advance, or as soon as you arrive at the airport so your requests can be fulfilled as quickly as possible. On each aircraft, a small wheelchair that can fit down the aircraft aisle is available at every gate and can be used if you need help for getting i
47、nto your seat. 【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文, 文章主要介绍了几家给行动不便的旅客提供额外服务的航空公司。1. Who is this passage intended for? A. Those who have a disability. B. Travelers who have difficulty in moving. C. Travelers who become sick on the plane. D. Travelers who are poor in health. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。通读全篇及文中多次出现的关键词“wheelchair”“assist
48、ance”等来看, 这篇文章介绍的是几家给行动不便的旅客提供额外服务的航空公司, 因此它的目标读者是行动不便的旅客, 故选B。2. Which airline could be the best choice for someone with a leg that cant bend? A. United. B. Delta. C. US Airways. D. Southwest. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据US Airways部分中的“Besides seats with movable armrests, the airline also provides seats with more legroom for passengers with an immobili