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1、2013 3年高考2年模拟1年原创精品系列专题06 动词时态及其语态【考点定位】 2013考纲解读和近几年考点分布【考点pk】 名师考点透析考点一、一般现在时与现在进行时 1一般现在时 （1）考查表示按时间表将要发生的动作或事件 例1Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 1026 _ off at 18: 20. A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken 【解析】句中的谓语动词是现在时，故不住在这里也应该是现时的情况，答案应为D。 （3）考查表示普遍真理、事实 例4Months ago we sail
2、ed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which _ the Pacific, and we met no storms. A. was called B. is called C. had been called D. has been called 【解析】尽管我们横渡太平洋是几个月前的事情，但是海洋的名称是存在的事实，所以用一般现在时，答案是B。 2现在进行时 （1）考查表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事 例5 I have to go to work by taxi because my car _ at the garage.
3、A. will be repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired 【解析】句中的谓语动词是现在时态，所以现在汽车正在被修理，故答案选C。 例6Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasnt stopped ringing. People _ to ask how I am going to spend the money. A. phone B. will phone C. were phoning D. are phoning 【解析】因为我获了奖，所以这段时间
4、老有人给我打电话怎样花这笔钱，答案应是D。 （3）考查表示某个按最近的计划或安排将要进行的动作、即将开始或结束的动作 常用的这类动词有：go, come, leave, arrive, land, meet, move, return, start, stay, stop, give, change, fly, work等。 例7Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belt. The plane _. A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off 主要考查表示过去某个
5、特定时间或某一段时间发生的动作或情况 例8Its said that the early European playing-cards _ for entertainment and education. A. were being designed B. have designed C. have been designed D. were designed 【解析】句中的the early说明以前欧洲扑克牌的设计是为了娱乐和教育，用一般过去时说明过去某个特定时间发生的动作或情况，答案是D。 2过去进行时 （1）考查表示过去某一时刻或某阶段正在发生的动作，强调未完成 例10Has Sam f
6、inished his homework today? I have no idea. He _ it this morning. A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done 【解析】从对话中不知道Sam有没有完成作业，所以今天上午他正在做，正确答案为C。 （2）考查表示过去某一时间将要发生的动作 例11What were you doing when Tony phoned you? I had just finished my work and _ take a shower. A. had started B. started C. have
7、started D. was starting 【解析】“我”刚刚完成手头的工作，将要去洗澡，所以答案是D。 一般过去时与过去进行时的区别如下： 一般过去时：完成性 过去进行时：未完成 考点三、现成完成时与现在完成进行时 （2）考查表示一个从过去某个时间开始，延续到现在的动作 例13My friend, who _ on the International Olympic Committee all his life, is retiring next month. A. served B. is serving C. had served D. has served 【解析】此题中的时间状语
8、all his life 说明我的朋友从过去到现在一直在奥委会工作，答案应是D。 例14My brother is an actor. He _ in several films so far. A. appears B. appeared C. has appeared D. is appearing 【解析】句中的时间状语so far和现在完成时连用，意为“到目前为止”，所以答案是C。 考点四、 主动表示被动的三种情况 1. 不及物动词与状语连用，用以表示主语的品质和状态。 常见动词是：cut, sell, read, write, fill, cook, lock, wash, driv
9、e, keep等。 2. 一些连系动词的主动式形容词。 常见动词是：look, smell, taste, sound, feel, prove, turn out等。 请同学们看下面一道题： 例16The roast duck_delicious and a lot_in two hours. A. was tasted； was sold B. tasted； was sold C. was tasted； sold D. tasted； would sell 【解析】根据所给情景，taste应为连系动词，英语中连系动词不用被动语态，所以第一空填tasted，后半句意为“烤鸭两小时内被卖掉
10、很多”，所以答案为B。 上题可以变化如下： 3. 五个“发生”： happen, take place, occur to, break out，come about等。 例18is well known to everyone, the Olympic Games_every four years. A. It; are held B. As; take place C. That; happen D. As; break out 【解析】本题考查定语从句和表示“发生”等词的用法。A项it 不对，are held正确，改成以下句子正确：It is well known to everyone
11、 that the Olympic Games are held every four years. C、D项中That与break out不妥，B项中as引导的定语从句修饰the Olympic . 整个句子，take place相当于are held，所以答案为B。【三年高考】 10 、11、12高考试题及其解析2012高考英语试题1.(2012江苏卷)32.The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where he_ some European partners.A. would meet B. is meetingC. me
12、etsD. had met3.(2012江西卷)26.Look! Somebody the sofa.Well, it wasnt me. I didnt do it.A. is cleaningB. was cleaningC. has cleanedD. had cleaned【答案】C【解析】考查动词的时态。从后面的回答可以看出事情已经完成了，前面一句是着重谈对现在的影响，用现在完成时态。句意：“看，有人已经清理了沙发。”“嗯，不是我，我没有做。”4.(2012课标卷)23. Life is like walking in the snow, Granny used to say, be
13、cause every step ”A. has shown B. is showingC. shows D. showed6.(2012大纲卷)18.The manager _ the workers how to improve the program since 9 am. A. has told B. is telling C. has been telling D. will have told 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“since 9 am.”可以推测要用完成时态。故排除BD选项。从提供的语境看，动作从上午九点开始，可能还将继续下去，所以这儿用现在完成进行时
14、更贴切。句意：经理从上午九点开始就一直不停地给工人们讲如何改进这个项目。7.(2012北京卷)22.By the time you have finished this book, your meal _ cold.A. gets B. has got C. will get D. is getting9.(2012天津卷)12.The three of us _around Europe for about a month last summer.A. travelled B. have travelledC. had travelledD. travel【答案】A【解析】考查动词的时态。根
15、据时间状语“last summer”应该用一般过去时。不要受时间状语“for about a month”的影响而误选C项。句意：去年夏天我们三个人在欧洲旅游了大约一个月的时间。10.(2012上海卷)26. Is honesty the best policy? We _ that it is when we are little. A. will teach B. teach C. are taught D. will be taught【答案】C【解析】考查动词的时态。讲的是客观事实，用一般现在时。句意：诚实是上上之策？我们从小就被这样教导过。11.(2012上海卷)30.I hear
16、that Jason is planning to buy a car. I know. By next month, he _ enough for a used one. A. will have saved B. will be saving C. has saved D. saves13.(2012安徽卷)35.After school we went to the reading-room to do some reading, only to be told that it .A. was decorated B. had decoratedC. had been decorati
17、ng D. was being decorated 【答案】D【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。根据上文可以推断（当时）阅览室正在装修之中，应该用过去进行时的被动语态。句意：放学后我们去阅览室想做些阅读，结果被告知阅览室正在装修之中。14.(2012湖南卷)22.Dont worry. The hard work that you do now _later in life.A. will be repaid B. was being repaid C. has been repaid D. was repaid【答案】A 【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：不要担心。你现在所做的艰苦努力在以后的生活中
18、会有回报的。显然要用一般将来时。15.(2012湖南卷)27. The moment _soon, he thought to himself, waiting nervously.A. came B. has tome C. was coming D. is coming17.(2012山东卷)34.The manager was concerned to hear that two of his trusted workers _. A. will leaveB. are leaving C. have leftD. were leaving 【答案】D【解析】考查动词的时态。句意为：听说
19、自己最信任的两个职员要离去，经理很关注。表达的是“要离去”之意，因此用leave进行时表示将要发生的动作。此句为 that引导的宾语从句，强调主从句时态的一致性，而主句谓语动词为一般过去时，故用过去进行时表过去将来时。18. (2012四川卷)9.Did you catch what I said? Sorry. I _ a text message just now.A. had answering B. have answered C. would answer D. was answering2011高考英语试题1.(2011全国卷,23) Planing so far ahead no
20、 senseso many things will have changed by next year.A.made B.is making C.makes D.has made【答案】C【解析】考查动词的时态。句意为“计划这么超前毫无意义到明年许多事情会发生变化的。”前句表示现在的情况make no sense，后句表示到将来会产生的后果will have changed。一般现在时表示主语的特征或状态。is making和has made表示具体的动作过程，故不选。因此选C。2.(2011全国卷,24) I wasnt sure if he was really interested or
21、 if he polite.A.was just being B.will just be C.had just been D.would just be 4.(2011全国卷II,9) If you dont like the drink you_just leave it and try a different one. A. ordered B. are ordering C. will order D. had ordered【答案】A【解析】考查动词的时态。句意为“如果你不喜欢你所点的饮料，就把它放那儿，试试另一种。”dont like the drink是现在时，点饮料是过去的动作
22、，因此，用过去时或现在完成时，故选A。5.（2011北京卷,21）Experiments of this kind in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War.A. have conducted B. have been conducted C. had conducted D. had been conducted【答案】 D【解析】 考查动词时态和语态，句意为“就在二战爆发前，美国和欧洲都进行过这种实验。”首先考虑语态，主语experiment与conduct构成动宾关系，谓语使用被动形式。题干中出现the se
23、cond war是过去的时间点，before the second war是过去的过去，因此使用过去完成时。选D。6.（2011北京卷,23）Tom in the library every night over the last three months.A. works B. worked C. has been working D. had been working8.（2011北京卷,32）Bob has gone to California.Oh, can you tell me when he ?A. has left B. left C. is leaving D. would
24、leave10.（2011天津卷,4）On her next birthday, Ann married for twenty years.A.is B.has been C.will be D.will have been【答案】D【解析】考查动词的时态。句意为“等到下次生日的时候，Ann结婚有二十年了。”her next birthday是将来的时间，for twenty years是个时间段。将来完成时表示持续到将来某时的动作或状态，故选D。11.（2011上海春招,29）Im sure you will do better in the test because you _ so ha
25、rd this year. A. studiedB. had studiedC. will studyD. have been studying【答案】D【解析】考查动词的时态。句意为“我确信你将在这次考试中取得更好的成绩，因为这一年里你一直用功学习。”前半句Im sure you will do better交代了时间起点是现在。because引起的状语从句不能用将来时，只能用现在时。this year今年，是个时间段。D项 have been studying表示一直持续到现在的动作，故用现在完成进行时。选D。12.（2011上海春招,32）A lot of people often fo
26、rget that oral exams _ to test our communicative ability. A. designB. are designedC. are designingD. are being designed14.(2011山东卷,35) She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the child _ everything!A. had been eating B. had eaten C. have eaten D. have been eating【答案】B【解析】考查动词的时态。句意为“她惊讶地发现冰箱里空空如
27、也；她的孩子把里面的东西全吃光了！”“吃光”这个动作发生在“发现”之前，前一句交代了过去时间，因此选择过去的过去。故选B。15.（2011江苏卷,21）I hear you _ in a pub. whats it like?Well, its very hard work and Im always tired, but I dont mind.A.are workingB.will work C.were working D.will be working17.（2011福建卷,32）Last month, the Japanese government expressed their t
28、hanks for the aid they from China.A.receive B.are receiving C.have received D.had received【答案】D【解析】考查动词的时态。句意为“上个月，日本政府对来自于中国的援助表示了感谢。”expressed是过去时，接受中国的援助发生在expressed之前，是过去的过去，故用过去完成时。选D。18.（2011安徽卷, 32）I didnt ask for the name list. Why _on my desk? I put it there just now in case you needed it.A
29、. does it landB. has it landed C. will it landD. had it landed19. (2011浙江卷,15) The manager was worried about the press conference his assistant_in his place but, luckily, everything was going on smoothly.A. gave B. gives C. was giving D. had given20.（2011四川卷,9）All visitors to this village _ with kin
30、dness.A. treat B. are treated C. are treating D. had been treated 【答案】B【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意为“所有到这个村子的来访者都会受到善意的接待。”表示经常性或习惯性的动作，用一般现在时。来访者与招待存在着被动关系。由于没有交代过去时间，had been treated过去的过去不能用。因此选B。21.（2011四川卷,19）What a mistake!Yes. I his doing it another way, but without success.A.was suggesting B.will sugges
31、t C.would suggest D.had suggested【答案】D【解析】考查动词的时态。句意为“多么严重的错误呀！是的，我曾经建议他换个方法做，但他没听。”他犯错误发生在过去，我提建议发生在他犯错误之前，是过去的过去，故用过去完成时。这里不是再现当时提建议的情景，故不用was suggesting。选D。22.（2011重庆卷,21）That piece of music sounds quite familiar. Who _the piano upstairs?A. has played B. played C. plays D. is playing【答案】D【解析】考查动词
32、的时态。句意为“那首乐曲听起来相当熟悉。是谁在楼上弹钢琴？”在听的过程中才发出谁在弹钢琴的疑问，sound用的是现在时，交代的时间是现在，故选D。23.（2011重庆卷,31）Look at the pride on Toms face. He to have been praised by the manager just now.A.seemed B.seems C.had seemed D.is seeming25.（2011湖南卷,22）John, what _in your hand? Look! Its a birthday gift for my grandma.A had yo
33、u held B are you holding C do you hold D will you hold 【答案】B【解析】考查动词的时态。句意为“John，你手里拿的是什么？看，这是给我奶奶的生日礼物。”两人对话以现在时间为参考点，现在(说话人说话时) 对方hold这个动作正在发生，故用现在进行时。选B。26.（2011湖南卷,27） In 1492, Columbus_ on one of the Bahama islands, but he mistook it for an island off India.A. lands B. landed C. has landed D.ha
34、d landed 27.（2011湖南卷,30）It is the most instructive lecture that I _ since I came to this school.A. attended B. had attended C. am attending D. have attended 【答案】D【解析】考查动词的时态。句意为“自从我到这个学校以来，这是我所听到的最有教育意义的演讲。”since自从以来，引导过去时的从句时，主句用现在完成时。选D。28.（2011湖南卷,34）In the near future, more advances in the robot
35、 technology _ by scentists.A. are making B. are made C. will make D. will be made 【答案】D【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意为“在不久的将来，科学家将会在机器人技术上取得更大的进展。”in the near future表明了将来的时间，more advances与 make主谓关系上存在着被动，故选D。29. (2011辽宁卷,28) Ill go to the library as soon as I finish what I .A. was doing B. am doing C. have done
36、D. had been doing【答案】B【解析】考查动词的时态。句意为“我一完成眼下正在做的事情就去图书馆。”主句是将来时，时间状语从句用现在时。finish与选项C的have done矛盾，故选B。30.(2011辽宁卷,34) By the time Jack returned home from England, his son from college.A. graduated B. has graduated C. had been graduating D. had graduated2010高考英语试题1.(2010高考英语上海秋季卷,31)The church tower
37、which _ will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished. A. has restored B. has been restored C. is restoring D. is being restored【答案】D【解析】本题考查被动语态。Restore意思为修复，而最后一句表明工程还未完成，因此为正在修复中，答案选D.2.(2010高考英语上海秋季卷,28) Every few years, the coal workers _ their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health.
38、A. are having B. have C. have had D. had had4.(2010高考英语重庆卷,29)The palace caught fire three times in the last century, and little of the original building _now.A. remainsB. is remainedC. is remainingD. has been remained【答案】A【解析 】考查时态。remain在这儿意思是“剩下，余留”，为不及物动词，整句话是对现在事实的陈述，所以用一般现在时。选 A项。5.(2010高考英语重庆
39、卷,24)The book has been translated into thirty languages since it _on the market in 1973.A. had comeB. has comeC. cameD. comes【答案】C【解析】考查时态。since引导的从句作状语时，主句通常用完成时，而从句用一般过去时，所以选C项。6.(2010高考英语浙江卷,15)For many years, people _ electric cars. However, making them has been more difficult than predicted.Aha
40、d dreamed of Bhave dreamed of Cdreamed of Ddream of8.(2010高考英语天津卷,10)Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting_ at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo.A. are exhibiting B. is exhibiting C. are being exhibited D. is being exhibited9.(2010高考英语天津卷,4)We _on this project for four h
41、ours. Le ts have a rest.A. are working B. have been working C. worked D. had worked【答案】 B【解析】考察动词时态。句意为：“我们四个小时一直做这个项目。让我们休息一下吧”，句中出现for four hours这个时间状语，可以判断出使用现在完成时，根据句意又可知动作在持续进行当中，所以用现在完成进行时，故选B。10.(2010高考英语四川卷,18)Youve failed to do what you _ to and Im afraid the teacher will blame you Awill ex
42、pect Bwill be expected Cexpected Dwere expected【答案】D【解析】考查动词时态。句中you与expect存在被动关系，首先排除C。又有have failed提示应是过去你被期盼做的事，故应为过去时，正确答案为D。11.(2010高考英语四川卷,16)一When shall we restart our business? 一Not until we our planAwill finish Bare finishingCare to finish Dhave finished【答案】D【解析】考查时态。在状语从句中，经常用一般现在时表将来时，用现在
43、完成时表将来完成时，此处为until引导的时间状语从句。故用现在完成时，选D。意为：“直到我们完成我们的计划，我们才重新开始我们的生意。”12.(2010高考英语上海春季卷,30)The employees _ that they should renew their contracts within a week.Aadvise Bhave advised Care advised Dhad been advised14.(2010高考英语陕西卷,24)It is reported that many a new house _ at present in the disaster area
44、. A. are being built B. were being built C. was being built D. is being built【答案】D【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。从时间状语at present可判断出用现在时，“many a+单数可数名词”虽然表示复数意思，但要用单数谓语。15.(2010高考英语陕西卷,21)I have to see the doctor because I _ a lot lately. A. have been coughing B. had coughedC. coughed D. cough17.(2010高考英语辽宁卷,30)I _ all the cooking for my family,