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1、2013 3年高考2年模拟1年原创精品系列专题07 情态动词和虚拟语气【考点定位】 2013考纲解读和近几年考点分布【考点pk】 名师考点透析虚拟语气考点透析 考点一、虚拟语气的基本用法 1.与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语+动词的一般过去时（be动词用were）+其他成分+if+should/would/could.+动词原形+其他成分。例如： If it were not for the fact that she _ sing，I would invite her to the party. A.couldnt B.shouldnt C.cant D.might not 3.与
2、将来事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语+动词的一般过去时/should do/were to do+其他成分+if+should/would/could.+动词原形+其他成分。例如： If I _ plan to do anything I want to，Id like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible. A.would B.could C.had to D.ought to 考点三、主从句时间不一致的虚拟条件句 在有些虚拟条件句中，主从句时间不一致，应根据不同情况区别对待。例如： Its hard fo
3、r me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love，at the age of seven，with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. A.wouldnt have fallen B.had not fallen C.should fall D.were to fall 考点四、名词性从句中的虚拟语气 在含有表示坚持、建议、命令、要求等含义的名词性从句和在it做形式宾语或形式主语的复合句中，宾语补足语是necessary/strange/essential/natural/a pit
4、y/a shame等表示“惊奇、惋惜或者理应如此”等含义时，从句中的谓语动词需用“should+动词原形”，其中should可以省略。例如： Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York？ I agree，but the problem is _ he has refused to. A.will not be sent；that B.not be sent；that C.should not be sent；what D.should not send；what 情态动词考点透析考点一、情态动词基本含义的考查 情
5、态动词的基本含义，一直是高考考查的重要内容。例如： 1. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone_get out. A. had to B. would C. was able to D. could 2. When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon. They_be ready by 12:00. A. can B. should C. might D. need 【解析】can：能够；should:应该，表示责任、义务。Might
6、：可能；need：需要。它们应该在12点前准备好。所以，答案是B。 3. You cant imagine that a well-behaved gentleman_be so rude to a lady . A. might B. need C. should D. would 【解析】should 表示说话人感情，如惊奇、愤怒、失望等。在此句中表示说话人一种惊奇的语气。 句意为：你不可能想象出体面的绅士竟然对一位女士那么粗鲁。答案是 C。 分析：高考对情态动词基本含义的考查，仍然集中在常用的情态动词上。对常用情态动词的含义，要掌握的既准确又要全面，特别是shall, should, c
7、an, may 四个常用情态动词的含义较多，不易理解，复习时应当引起重视。二、情态动词表示推测的考查 2. My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon,so he_your lecture. A. couldnt have attended B. neednt have attended C. mustnt have attended D. shouldnt have attended 3.Mr Bush is on time for everything. How_it be that he was late for
8、the opening ceremony? A. can B. should C. may D. must 【解析】can表示可能性。布什先生按时做一切事，他怎么可能开幕式迟到呢？答案是：A。 4.I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter? It_true because there was little snow there. A. may not be B. wont be C. couldnt be D. mustnt be 【解析】may not be : 可能不是；wont be：不会是；couldnt be：不可能是
9、； mustnt be ：一定不是。根据提供情境there was little snow 说明山里滑雪是件不可能的事，may not 语气不如couldnt强。答案是：C。 分析：高考对表示推测的情态动词集中在must, can, could, may, might上，准确掌握它们使用的场合，是解决问题的关键。Must 用于肯定陈述句，表示肯定推测；can, could用于疑问或否定陈述句，表示可能性推测；may, might用于陈述句，表示可能性推测；用于否定陈述句中，cant （不可能）的语气比may not（可能不）强。此外，还要注意有对过去和对现在两种情况的推测,对过去推测用情态动词
10、+have done ，对现在推测用情态动词+ 动词原形。 三、情态动词表示虚拟的考查 情态动词have+过去分词表示与过去事实上相反的情况，也是高考单项选择题涉及到情态动词的一个重要方面。 1. There was a lot of fun at yesterdays party. You_come, but why didnt you? A. must have B. should C. need have D. ought to have 3.Oh, Im not feeling well in the stomach. I_so much fried chicken just now.
11、 A. shouldnt eat B. mustnt have eaten C. shouldnt have eaten D. mustnt eat 考点四、情态动词与助动词混合考查1.Tom ,you didnt come to the party last night? I_, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do . A. had to B. didnt C. was going to D. wouldnt 2.Your phone number again? I_quite catch it . Its 86184867. A.
12、didnt B. couldnt C. dont D. cant 【解析】记住电话号码并非难事，未完全听清楚电话号码并非能力的事，此处只是说没有完全听清楚电话号码，所以，应选A。【三年高考】 10 、11、12高考试题及其解析2012高考英语试题1.(2012山东卷)30.If we _ adequate preparations, the conference wouldnt have been so successful.A. havent made B. wouldnt makeC. didnt make D. hadnt made2.(2012陕西卷)17.If may car _mo
13、re reliable, I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.A. was B. had beenC. should be D. would be【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：假如我的车更可靠的话，我去年夏天会开车去拉萨而不是坐飞机去。此处是对过去事情的假设，故条件句用过去完成时，主句用would/could might+have done。3.(2012陕西卷)23.I_ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away
14、from home.A. wont B. cant C. can D. will4.(2012四川卷)19.I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said “Ni Hao ” just as I _ do in China.A. must B. might C. can D. should【答案】B【解析】考查情态动词。句意为：我靠他们足够的近以听见他们说汉语，而且我会像我在中国可能做的那样说“你好”。might表示“可能”。故选B。5.(2012浙江卷)19.Had they known what was coming
15、 next, they _ second thoughts.A. may have B. could have C. must have had D. might have had6.(2012课标卷)30.I _use a clock to wake me up because at six oclock each morning the train comes by my house.A. couldnt B. mustntC. shouldnt D. neednt【答案】D【解析】考查情态动词。根据下文“at six oclock each morning the train comes
16、 by my house（每天早上六点有火车从我家附近驶过）”所以我没有必要用时钟叫醒我。7.(2012大纲卷)17.Im going to Europe on vacation together with John if I _find the money.A . can B. might C. would D. need【答案】A【解析】考查情态动词。此处考查的是“can”的基本意义“能，能够”。句意：如果我能够弄到那笔钱，我就和约翰一起到欧洲去度假。8.(2012北京卷)We _ the difficulty together, but why didnt you tell me?A.
17、should face B. might faceC. could have faced D. must have faced9.(2012北京卷)35.Dont handle the vase as if it _ made of steel.A. is B. were C. has been D. had been10.(2012天津卷) 8.Its quite warm here; we _turn the heating on yet.A. couldnt B. mustntC. neednt D. wouldnt【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词。根据上文“这里相当暖和”可以推知下文应该
18、是：我们没必要开暖气。11.(2012天津卷) We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold _us a ride home.A. didnt offer B. wouldnt offerC. hasnt offered D.hadnt【答案】D【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果昨天Harold没送我们回家，我们会打出租车回家的。由主句中的would have called a taxi可知，该从句是对过去情况的虚拟，因此选hadnt offered。12.(2012上海卷)28.The new law states that people dr
19、ive after drinking alcohol.A. wouldnt B. neednt C. wont D. mustnt13.(2012重庆卷) 25._you interrupt now? Cant you see Im on the phone?Sorry Sir, but its urgent.A. Can B. Should C. Must D. Would【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词。must表说话者极不耐烦和生气的语气。句意：“你现在一定要打断我吗？难道你看不到我在打电话吗？对不起，先生，事情很急。”14.(2012安徽卷) 31.Grace doesnt want t
20、o move to New York because she thinks if she there, she wouldnt be able to see her parents very often.A. lives B. would live C. has lived D. were to live15.(2012福建卷)31.We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we _ more places of interest yesterday.A. visitedB. had visitedC. would visitD. wou
21、ld have visited【答案】D【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：昨天我们在那个小村庄迷路了，否则我们本可以参观更多的名胜。本句为含有otherwise的含蓄虚拟句（相当于if we hadnt lost our way in that small village），是对过去的虚拟，故选D项。16.(2012湖南卷)29.Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.A. have had B. had had C. have D. had17.(2012江苏卷)28.Da
22、ys later, my brother called to say he was all right, but say where he was.A. mustntB. shouldntC. wouldntD. mightnt【答案】C【解析】情态动词mustnt意为“禁止”；shouldnt意为“不应该”；wouldnt意为“不愿意”；mightnt意为“或许不”。句意：几天后，我哥哥打电话说他一切很好，但不愿意说他在哪儿。根据句意可知，应选C项。18.(2012江苏卷) 35.Happy birthday!Thank you! Its the best present I for.A.
23、should have wishedB. must have wishedC. may have wishedD. could have wished19.(2012江西卷)22.We have bought so much food now that Suzie wont be with us for dinner.A. may notB. needntC. cantD. mustnt【答案】B【解析】 考查情态动词。句意：既然Suzie不和我们一起吃晚饭，那我们就没有必要买这么多食物。根据“now that Suzie wont be with us for dinner”可船选B，nee
24、dnt have done表示“本没有必要做某事而实际上却做了”。20.(2012辽宁卷)24.One of our rules is that every student wear school uniform while at school.A. might B. could C. shall D. will【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词。shall用于条约、规章、法令等文件中表示义务或规定, 意为“应该、必须”。 句意：我们的一条规则是学生在校时都必须要穿校服。21.(2012辽宁卷)33.Jack is a great talker. Its high time that he som
25、ething instead of just talking.A. will do B. has done C. do D. did2011高考英语试题1.(2011全国卷,32) They have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.A.will B.can C.must D.should2.(2011全国卷II,8) If you smoke, please go outside. A. can B. should C. must D. may【答案】 C【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意为“如果你非得要抽烟，请到外面去抽。”
26、must (表示主张)一定要，坚持要。根据后一句please go outside的要求，选C。3.（2011北京卷,24）I dont really like James. Why did you invite him?Dont worry. He come. He said he wasnt certain what his plans were.A. must not B. need not C. would not D. might not4.（2011北京卷,28）Where are the children? The dinners going to be completely r
27、uined.I wish they always late.A. werent B. hadnt been C. wouldnt be D. wouldnt have been【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“孩子们哪儿去了？这顿饭快要吃不起来了。我但愿他们不要老是迟到。”wish引出虚拟语气，题干中出现always，从句虚拟使用一般过去时。选A。5.（2011北京卷,30）Maybe if I science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.A. studied B. would st
28、udy C. had studied D. was studying6.（2011天津卷,15）I _ sooner but I didnt know that they were waiting for me.A. had come B. was coming C. would come D. would have come【答案】 D【解析】考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“我本来可以早点来，但我真不知道他们在等我。”but I didnt know表示了过去时间，因此前句是对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达，故选D。7
29、.（2011上海春招,27）Some young people these days just _ go out of their homes to contact the real world. A. mustntB. wontC. mightntD. shouldnt【答案】 B【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意为“现在一些年轻人就是不愿意走出家门接触真正的世界。”mustnt禁止，不允许；wont不愿意，就是不，偏不，具有主观性；mightnt可能不；shouldnt不应该。根据句意选B。8.（2011江苏卷,34）I left my handbag on the train, but l
30、uckily someone gave it to a railway official.How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone _ it.A. will have stolen B. might have stolen C. should have stolen D. must have stolen9.（2011福建卷,25）Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?I am afraid you , in case he comes late for th
31、e meeting .A.will B.must C.may D.can10.（2011福建卷,34）Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.I it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview.A.attended B.had attended C.would sttend D.would have attended【答案】 D【解析】考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“真可惜你错过了那场有关核污染的讲座。我本可以去听的，但我当时忙于工作面试。”对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would
32、 / could / might + have done表达，故选D。11.（2011安徽卷, 26）What do you think of store shopping in the future?Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but _.A. will never replace B. would never replace C. will never be replaced D. would never be replaced12.(2011浙江卷,11) Hows your new babysit
33、ter?We _ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.A. should B. might C. mustnt D. couldnt【答案】 D【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意为“你的新保姆怎么样？找不到更好的了。我们的孩子们很喜欢她。”should应该；might可能，可以；mustnt禁止；couldnt不可能。根据句意选D。13.（2011四川卷,20）The police still havent found the lost child, but theyre doing all they .A.can B.may C
34、.must D.should14.（2011重庆卷,25）Why didnt you come to Simons party last night? I wanted to ,but my mom simply _ not let me out so late at night.A. could B. might C. would D. should【答案】 C【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意为“昨晚你为什么没来参加Simon的聚会？我想来的，但我妈妈就是不愿我这么晚出来。”could可以，能够，表示可能性或用于婉转语气；might可能，表示不确定；would愿意，偏要，表示意志；shoul
35、d应该，表示建议、命令、决定等。根据题意选C。15.（2011陕西卷,22）I_through that bitter period without your generous help. A. couldnt have gone B. didnt go C. wouldnt go D. hadnt gone16.（2011陕西卷,24）Will you read me a story ,Mummy? OK. You_have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.A. might B. must C. could D. shall17.（2011湖
36、南卷,28）No one _ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.A. can B. need C. must D. might 【答案】 A【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意为“在打篮球方面没人能比得上姚明。”can可以，能够；need需要；must必须；might可能。故根据题意，选A。18.(2011辽宁卷,21) If you go, at least wait until the storm is over.A. can B. may C. must D. will【答案】 C【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意为“如果你非得走话
37、，至少也要等到这暴风雨过去后。”can可以，能够；may 可能，许可；must(表示主张)一定要，坚持要；will将要，愿意。根据后句的劝告，选C。 19.（2011江西卷23）It _ be the postman at the door. Its only six oclock.A. mustnt B.cant C.wont D.neednt【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“不可能是邮递员在门口，才六点钟呢。”mustnt 禁止，不允许；cant 不可能；wont 不愿意，就是不，偏不；neednt 不需要。根据后一句中“现在仅仅是六点”，only一词肯定语气强烈，前一句为门外
38、的绝不可能是邮递员。故选B。20.（2011江西卷28）We _Johns name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.A.will put B. will have put C. would put D. would have put2010高考英语试题1.(2010高考英语上海秋季卷,29) -Sorry, Professor Smith. I didnt finish the assignment yesterday.-Oh, you _ have done it as yesterday was the deadl
39、ine.A. must B. mustnt C. should D. shouldnt3.(2010高考英语浙江卷,10)Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy _ .Awould have been savedBhad been saved Cwill be savedDwas saved【答案】 A【解析】考查虚拟语气。从前面Had I known about知，此处是If条件句对过去情况的虚拟，所以主句用shouldwouldcouldmight+have done结构，故排除B、
40、C和D项，选A项。4.(2010高考英语天津卷,15)John went to the hospital alone. If he _ me about it, I would have gone with him.A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told 5.(2010高考英语天津卷,9)Mark _ have hurried. After driving at top speed .he arrived half an hour early.A. neednt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. couldnt 6.(2010高考英
41、语四川卷,3)_ I take the book out?Im afraid not.A. Will B. May C. Must D. Need【答案】B【解析】考查情态动词。表请求可用情态动词can，may，could，might；表允许用can，may。句意为：“我可以将这本书带出去吗?”“恐怕不行。”故应选表示请求的情态动词may。正确答案为B。7.(2010高考英语上海春季卷,28)It is important to know about the cultural differences that_ cause problems.Amust Bdare Cneed Dmay【答案】
42、D【解析】情态动词。语意：了解一些可能会引起问题的文化差异，这很重要。此处may用来表示可能；must，一定，必须；dare作情态动词常用在否定句与疑问句中，表示敢于；need表示必须，需要。根据语意，这里选D项。8.(2010高考英语陕西卷,23)May I take this book out of the reading room?No, you _. You read it in here. A. mightnt B. wont C. neednt D. mustnt【答案】D【解析】考查情态动词用法辨析。以may开头的问句，在肯定回答中表示给予许可，可用may或Can，但在否定回答中要用mustnt，表示禁止。9.(2010高考英语陕西卷,15)If we _ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken10.(2010高考英语山东卷,24)I_ have watched that movie itll give me horrible dreams.A. shouldnt B. neednt C. couldnt D. mustnt11.(2010高考英语辽宁卷,26)Doctors s