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1、3年高考2年模拟1年原创精品系列专题06 动词时态与其语态【2021年高考命题预料】 动词的时态和语态是历年高考的重点，是高考的必考点。应特殊留意以下几点：要把握各种时态的特点，留意易混淆时态间的差异；精确理解详细语境下时态的正确意义，捕获句子中所隐含的时间信息；要抑制汉语式的惯性思维，解除误导，培育发散性思维。高考中常考的时态有一般如今时、一般过去时、一般将来时、如今进展时、过去进展时、过去将来时、如今完成时、过去完成时、将来进展时、如今完成进展时、过去完成进展时等等。学习时要留意总结规律，敏捷运用，特殊要留意一些时态的特殊用法。高考主要以单项填空、语法填空、短文改错等形式考察，动词的时态和
2、语态在语法填空和短文改错中是必考点。 今后时态和语态还将是高考中的重点和难点所在。【考点定位】2021考纲解读和近几年考点分布动词时态和语态是两个特别重要的语法范畴，构成了英语语法的根本框架，几乎全部动词的考察都必需要借助于时态和语态来完成。试题在考察时态和语态的同时，还兼顾其它语法内容的测试，比方各种从句、强调、倒装等，其穿插式和复合式的特点尤为明显。其考点主要包括：1、考察时态的根本概念。如：一般如今时、一般过去时、一般将来时、如今完成时、将来进展时等。2、考察各种时态之间的区分。如：一般过去时和如今完成时；一般如今时与如今进展时；一般过去时和过去完成时等。3、考察不能用被动语态的几种状况
3、。如：1全部的不与物动词或不与物动词词组不能用于被动语态之中。2表示状态的谓语动词，如：last、hold、benefit、contain、equal、fit等。3表示归属的动词，如have、own、belong to等。4表示“盼望、意图的动词，如：wish、want、hope、like、love、hate等。5宾语是反身代词或互相代词时谓语动词用主动语态，不能用被动语态。4、考察主动形式表被动意义的状况。1当feel、look、smell、taste、sound等后面接形容词时；2当cut,sell,read,write,fill,cook,lock,wash,drive,keep等词带状
4、语修饰语时；3当break out、take place、shut off、turn off、work out等动词表示“发生、关闭、制定等意思时；4want, require, need后面的动名词用主动表示被动含义。5be worth doing用主动形式表示被动含义。6在“be +形容词+ to do中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动代被动。另外：be to blame(受指责)，be to rent出租也用主动形式表被动。【考点pk】 名师考点透析考点一、一般如今时与如今进展时 1一般如今时 1考察表示按时辰表将要发生的动作或事务 例1Look at the timetable.
5、 Hurry up! Flight 1026 _ off at 18: 20. A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken 【解析】句中的谓语动词是如今时，故不住在这里也应当是现时的状况，答案应为D。 3考察表示普遍真理、事实 例4Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which _ the Pacific, and we met no storms. A. was called B. is called C. had been called D. has b
6、een called 【解析】尽管我们横渡太平洋是几个月前的事情，但是海洋的名称是存在的事实，所以用一般如今时，答案是B。 2如今进展时 1考察表示如今或现阶段正在进展的动作或发生的事 例5 I have to go to work by taxi because my car _ at the garage. A. will be repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired 【解析】句中的谓语动词是如今时态，所以如今汽车正在被修理，故答案选C。 例6Since I won the big prize, m
7、y telephone hasnt stopped ringing. People _ to ask how I am going to spend the money. A. phone B. will phone C. were phoning D. are phoning 【解析】因为我获了奖，所以这段时间老有人给我打 怎样花这笔钱，答案应是D。 3考察表示某个按最近的方案或支配将要进展的动作、即将开始或完毕的动作 常用的这类动词有：go, come, leave, arrive, land, meet, move, return, start, stay, stop, give, ch
8、ange, fly, work等。 例7Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belt. The plane _. A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off 主要考察表示过去某个特定时间或某一段时间发生的动作或状况 例8Its said that the early European playing-cards _ for entertainment and education. A. were being designed B. have designed C.
9、have been designed D. were designed 【解析】句中的the early说明以前欧洲扑克牌的设计是为了消遣和教化，用一般过去时说明过去某个特定时间发生的动作或状况，答案是D。 2过去进展时 1考察表示过去某一时刻或某阶段正在发生的动作，强调未完成 例10Has Sam finished his homework today I have no idea. He _ it this morning. A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done 【解析】从对话中不知道Sam有没有完成作业，所以今日上午他正在做，正确答案为C
10、。 2考察表示过去某一时间将要发生的动作 例11What were you doing when Tony phoned you I had just finished my work and _ take a shower. A. had started B. started C. have started D. was starting 【解析】“我刚刚完成手头的工作，将要去洗澡，所以答案是D。 一般过去时与过去进展时的区分如下： 一般过去时：完成性 过去进展时：未完成 考点三、现成完成时与如今完成进展时 2考察表示一个从过去某个时间开始，持续到如今的动作 例13My friend, wh
11、o _ on the International Olympic Committee all his life, is retiring next month. A. served B. is serving C. had served D. has served 【解析】此题中的时间状语all his life 说明我的挚友从过去到如今始终在奥委会工作，答案应是D。 例14My brother is an actor. He _ in several films so far. A. appears B. appeared C. has appeared D. is appearing 【解
12、析】句中的时间状语so far和如今完成时连用，意为“到目前为止，所以答案是C。 考点四、 主动表示被动的三种状况 1. 不与物动词与状语连用，用以表示主语的品质和状态。 常见动词是：cut, sell, read, write, fill, cook, lock, wash, drive, keep等。 2. 一些连系动词的主动式形容词。 常见动词是：look, smell, taste, sound, feel, prove, turn out等。 请同学们看下面一道题： 例16The roast duck_delicious and a lot_in two hours. A. was
13、tasted； was sold B. tasted； was sold C. was tasted； sold D. tasted； would sell 【解析】依据所给情景，taste应为连系动词，英语中连系动词不用被动语态，所以第一空填tasted，后半句意为“烤鸭两小时内被卖掉许多，所以答案为B。 上题可以改变如下： 3. 五个“发生： happen, take place, occur to, break out，come about等。 例18_is well known to everyone, the Olympic Games_every four years. A. It
14、; are held B. As; take place C. That; happen D. As; break out 【解析】此题考察定语从句和表示“发生等词的用法。A项it 不对，are held正确，改成以下句子正确：It is well known to everyone that the Olympic Games are held every four years. C、D项中That与break out不妥，B项中as引导的定语从句修饰the Olympic . 整个句子，take place相当于are held，所以答案为B。【三年高考】 14、15、16高考试题与其解析
15、2021年高考试题【单项填空】1.【2021北京】21. Jack _ in the lab when the power cut occurred.A. worksB. has workedC. was workingD. would work2.【2021北京】23. Excuse me, which movie are you waiting forThe new Star Wars. We _ here for more than two hours.A. waited B. wait C. would be waiting D. have been waiting3.【2021北京】
16、25. I _ half of the English novel, and Ill try to finish it at the weekend.A. read B. have read C. am reading D. will read4.【2021北京】30. The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts _ with success in the end.A. rewarded B. were rewardedC. will reward D. will be rewarded5.【20
17、21江苏】22.More efforts, as reported, _in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform.A.are madeB.will be madeC.are beingmadeD.have been made6.【2021江苏】29.Dashan, who_crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it upwith the Western stand-up tradition.A.will b
18、e learning B. is learningC. had been learning D. has been learning7.【2021天津】3. When walking down the street, I came across David, when I _ for years. A. didnt see B. havent seen C. hadnt seen D. wouldnt see8.【2021浙江】9. Silk _ one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.A. had
19、 become B. was becoming C. has become D.is becoming【语法填空】1.【2021全国新课标I】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I_62_allowto get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centr
20、e.2.【2021全国新课标III】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 49 (be) too violent for use at the table.3.【2021上海】(B)In recent years, stress(33)_(regard) as a cause of a whole range of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness. 4.
21、【2021四川】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The giant panda 41 (love) by people throughout the world.Then,after two and a half years,the mother 49 (drive)the young panda away.【短文改错】1.【2021全国新课标I】短文改错10 分 Some people even had to wait outside 2.【2021全国新课标II】短文改错共10小题，每题1分，总分值10分We can chose between stay
22、ing at home and take a trip. 3.【2021全国新课标III】短文改错共10小题；每题1分，总分值10分They always tell me what to do and how to do it. 4.【2021四川】短文改错共10小题；每题1分，总分值10分Mom was grateful and moving.5.【2021浙江】短文改错共10小题；每题1分，总分值10分He would ask who we was and pretend not to knowing us. 2021 年高考试题1.【2021 北京】22.-Did you enjoy t
23、he party-Yes,we_by our hosts.A.were treated B.would be treated. C.treated D.had treated2.【2021 北京】26.In the last few years,China _ great achievements in environmental protection.A.has made B.had made C.was making D.is making3.【2021 北京】27.Did you have difficulty finding Ann houseNot really.She_us cle
24、ar directions and we were able to find it.easilyA.was to give B.had given C.was giving D.would give4.【2021 北京】30. Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment.All right. I_ him later.A. will call B. have called C. call D will be calling5.【2021 重庆】1. Is Peter comingNo, he_ his mind after a phone ca
25、ll at the last minute.A. changesB. changed C. was changing D. had changed6.【2021 重庆】13. In my hometown, there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat_ cut.A. will have been B. will be C. was D. has been7.【2021 浙江】8. Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child, few people gues
26、sed that he a famous scientist whose theories would change the world.A. has been B. had been C. was going to be D. was8.【2021 天津】9. Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement_ so far by the two sides.A. has been reached B. was reached C. will reachD. will have reached9.【2021 天津】6. Jane cant
27、attend the meeting at 3 oclock this afternoon because she _ a class at that time. A. will teachB. would teach C. has taught D. will be teaching10.【2021 四川】4.More expressways in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.A. are being built B. will be built C. have been built D. had been built11.【2021
28、陕西】24. At college, Barack Obama didnt know that he the first black president of the United States of America.A. was to become B. becomes C. is to become D. became 12.【2021 陕西】22. Mary really hard on his book and thinks hell have finished it by Friday.A. worked B. has been working C. had worked D. ha
29、s worked13.【2021 福建】30.Where is Peter I cant find him anywhere.He went to the library after breakfast and his essay there ever since.A. wroteB. had writtenC. has been writing D. is writing14.【2021 福建】26.To my delight, Ifrom hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.A. was chosenB. was be
30、ing chosen C. would choose D. had chosen15.【2021 江苏】30.The real reason why prices _ , and still are, too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.A. were B. will be C. have been D. had been16.【2021 安徽】29.It is reported that a space station _ on the moon in yea
31、rs to come.A. will be building B. will be built C. has been building D. has been built17.【2021 安徽】24.Just as I got to the school gate, I realised I _ my bank in the cafe.A. have leftB. had leftC would leaveD. was leaving18.【2021 湖南】28.He must have sensed that I _ him. He suddenly glanced at me and s
32、aid quietly, Why are you staring at me like thatA. would look atB. looked atC. was looking atD. am looking at19.【2021 湖南】25.I wasnt able to hide my eagerness when I _, What do you wish me to do nowA. askB. have asked C. am askingD. asked20.【2021 湖南】22.As you go through this book, you _ that each of
33、the millions of people who lived through World War II had a different experience.A. will findB. foundC. had foundD. have found21.【2021 湖南】35.Thats why I help brighten peoples days. If you _， whos to say that another person willA. didnt B. dontCwerent Dhavent22.【2021 湖南】32.I had a strong desire to re
34、ach in and play with the toy, but _ thankfully by the shop window.A. am held back B. held backChold back Dwas held back2021年高考试题1.【2021全国大纲卷】22. Unless some extra money_, the theatre will be close.A. was found B. finds C. is found D. found2.【2021全国大纲卷】32.The reports went missing in 2021 and nobody _
35、them since.A. seesB. saw C. has seen D. had seen3.【2021重庆卷】4. Youd better write down her phone number before you _ it. A. forget B. are forgetting C. forgot D. will forget4.【2021重庆卷】8. James has just arrived, but I didnt know he _ until yesterday. A. will come B. was coming C. had come D. came5.【202
36、1北京卷】32. I found the lecture hard to follow because it _ when I arrived. A. startedB. was startingC. would startD. had started6.【2021北京卷】- What time is it - I have no idea. But just a minute, I _ it for you.A. checkB. checkedC. will checkD. would check7.【2021北京卷】22. -Hi, lets go skating. - Sorry, Im
37、 busy right now. I _ in an application form for a new job.A. fillB. have filledC. am fillingD. will fill8.【2021天津卷】11. We wont start the work until all the preparations _.A. are being made B. will be made C. have been made D. had been made9.【2021山东卷】1. Writing out all the invitations by hand was mor
38、e time-consuming than we_. A. will expect B. are expecting C. expect D. had expected 10.【2021山东卷】5. They made up their mind that they_ a new house once Larry changed jobs. A. bought B. would buy C. have bought D. had bought 11.【2021江西卷】24. -Tony, why are your eyes red-I _ up peppers for the last fiv
39、e minutes.A. cut B. was cutting C. had cut D. have been cutting 12.【2021四川卷】9. She _ someone, so I nodded to her and went away.A. phoned B. had phoned C. was phoning D. has phoned13.【2021福建卷】23.Havent seen you for ages! Where have you been I went to Ningxia and there for one year, teaching as a volu
40、nteer. A. stayed B. stay C. had stayed D. am staying14.【2021江苏卷】23. How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in NanjingWell, the media _ it in a variety of forms.A. cover B. will cover C. have covered D. covered15.【2021陕西卷】22. During his stay in Xian, Jerry tried almost all the
41、local foods his friends _,A. would recommend B. had recommended C. have recommended D. were recommending16.【2021安徽卷】23The twins, Who their homework, were allowed to play badminton on the playground.A. will finish B. finish C. have finished D. had finished17.【2021湖南卷】28.Since the time humankind start
42、ed gardening, we _to make our environment more beautiful.A. try B. have been tryingC. are tryingD. will try18.【2021湖南卷】34.Whenever you a present, you should think about it from the receivers point of view.A.boughtB. have bought C. will buyD. buy19.【2021浙江卷】11.Sofialooked around at all the faces: she
43、 had the impression that she _ most of the guests before. A. has seen B. had seen C. saw D. would see【两年模拟】2021 、2021名校模拟题与其答案解析2021年模拟题1. 【江苏省如东高级中学2021届高三上学期期中考试】A good interviewer is able to tell very quickly if youve done your homework about the company, so make sure you !A. do B. have C. will do D. did2.【江苏省如东高级中学2021届高三上学期期中考试】One of the firms I applied to has offered me a job but I _ my options open until I hear from the others.A. have kept B. will have kept