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1、2016高考英语书面表达集训（十五）【高阶特练】第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第二节 书面表达（满分25分） 按照题目要求或提示来完成下列表述。【高端点拨】每年高考后，我们一直在思索：英语高考中书面表达考什么、怎么考、如何写等系列高难表述问题。但是，通过与考生交流，我们发现他们的书面表达的思维能力并非不活跃，只是在他们的记忆库中存储的相应表达方式不足，或记忆有误，或根本是空白。拿到作文题目后，不愁没内容可写，只愁没词可用，或是写了不知是否正确，因此在表达过程中，要么被迫放弃，要么按照汉语的结构硬译，以致造成短文词不达意，错误地传递信息，分数也受到影响。针对考生在书面表达方面出现的问题，下
2、面将谈谈高考书面表达的复习建议和答题技巧。一、复习建议（一）明确写作能力的培养和提高是一个日积月累的过程。高考英语书面表达题是一项综合性的测试。要写好一篇短文，考生不仅要具备熟练的谴词、造句和谋篇能力，而且需要熟知不同的写作策略。如果从高三年级开始准备，则必须保证有科学、全面的训练计划和足量的写作实践，在这方面，笔者要求学生从认识句子成分，到谴词成句，到练习基本句式，再到语段语篇的这样一个过程。当然有些学生在这过程中也坚持写日记，然后笔者给他们都进行了详细批改。这样学生既听从了老师的安排和指导，也没有忽视自己的独立实践与总结。（二）注重平时的练笔。近几年考题的话题包括外国交换学生在华学习生活安
3、排、少年健康问题、中学生业余生活、人们的生活变化、环境保护、中学生庆祝 2008年奥运会申办、举办成功等。对于这些话题，每个考生都不会感到无话可说，只要平时认真进行一些写作实践，就不难具备应付这类话题所必要的写作能力。（三）明确写作方向。从近几年的情况来看，试题并没有特定的语篇或文体要求。虽然短文会用到记叙、说明或议论等表达方式，但这毕竟只是一个区区几十字的文段，远不足被称为记叙文、议论文、说明文或某种特定文体的文章。例如： 书面表达材料要求根据一首诗的内容，描述其中的一位老师，这是单纯的记叙文;或者根据提示，写毕业赠言，其中首先要求表述好友在你心中的印象，并用一两个事例加以描述，然后表达祝愿
4、，这其实也是记叙文;或者依据要求，让学生描述一位伟人，并说明自己喜欢他或她的原因，这还是记叙文。（四）注意平时的词汇积累。针对考生平时练习时出现的没词可用，写了不知是否正确等情况，建议考生们采用听、读、写相结合的办法，增加语言输入，扩大存储量。高三年级不可避免地要进行大量的听和读的练习，在做完听力和阅读理解后，可以停下来，用一点时间有意识地增加针对写作的语言输入，比如将听过或读过的表达方式回忆一下并记住，或者将有用的短语标出来，记在笔记本上，以备事后记忆之用。注意选取的资料应与考生自己的写作水平相近，还要提高记忆的准确性。二、解题技巧高考英语书面表达题解题应遵循五步骤的原则进行。2015年普通
5、高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲英语中对写作这样要求：“要求考生根据提示进行书面表达，考生应能(1)准确使用语法和词汇。(2)使用一定的句型、词汇，清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思。如何写好一篇作文分5个步骤（一）仔细审题，确定要点。在开始写作这前一定要认真阅读题目中的所有信息(中文提示、图示、注意事项等)把需要表达的全部信息要点列成提纲，列要点时，如果提示是图表，要认真审图，从图中找出要表达的信息要点，如事件发生的背景，人物的衣着、表情、动作、位置、年龄、外貌、图中的英汉文字等，如果有参考词汇，一定要用上。（二）根据要点，遣词造句。近年来高考书面表达的要求不断提高，高分文章要有较多的词汇，较高级的词汇
6、用法。比如表达丰富可以用rich,但如果你用abundant这个词就属于较高级的词汇。再比如“他强调小心驾驶的重要”这个句子 He emphasized the importance of careful driving.其中“强调”这个词如果你用 attach much importance to 效果更佳。（三）确定时态及人称，内容连贯，结构紧凑。高考书面表达评分标准明确规定，如人称错误要扣分，不同的文体一般都有基本时态。日记通常记叙发生过的事情，多用一般过去时。议论文多用一般现在时，通知等文体通常用一般将来时。每个句子写好之后，句与句之间要选择恰当的连接词。比如：(1)表示承接、递进用语
7、，besides(并且)、whats more(并且)，moreover(而且)，firstly, secondly, finally(最后)，from now on (从此)，afterwards I after that(后来)，to make things worse/ whats worse(使事情更为糟糕的是)，the worst thing of all(最糟糕的是)。(2)表示转折关系用语。But, however, otherwise, though, despite, in spite of.(尽管)on the other hand(另一方面)，as(尽管)，all the
8、 same(尽管如此)。(3)表示因果关系用语。because/because of.for(因为)，owing to (由于)，thanks to (由于)，due to (由于)，so that (结果)。(4)归纳总结用语。to summarize(总而言之)，in short/in a word(简而言之)，on the whole(从总体看)，generally speaking(一般说来)，in my view(我的观点)，in conclusion(总之)。（四）句式丰富，避免重词。英语书面表达评分标准第五档(21-25分)要求，“应使用较复杂结构，这要求学生不仅会运用基本句型，
9、也要有意识地使用复杂句型，这是文章的亮点。如何使用复杂结构，本人认为适当运用非谓语结构(分词短语、动名词或不定式短语)、适当运用各种从句(定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句)，这些都是有效的途径。比如：When he arrived in Beijing, he gave me an e-mail.(时间状语从句。一般)On arriving in Beijing, he gave me an e-mail. Having arrived in Beijing, he gave me an e-mail.(使用了介词+动名词和现在分词短语，分别作状语。高级) Hardly had he arriv
10、ed in Beijing when he gave me an e-mail.(改变时态，句子结构。高级)I wont believe what he says.(一般)No matter what he says, I wont believe it.(让步状从句，高级)。（五）认真答写，卷面整洁。高考书面表达评分标准中对书写有较高要求。尤其是高考英语作文网上进行阅卷以来，如果书写较差，会影响到扫描质量，因此，考生在答卷时，一定要认真、清楚规范地书写，以保卷面整洁和美观，为争取高分作文做好铺垫。三、修正小误1、审题不够仔细，遗漏要点2、语言基础知识薄弱，语法和拼写错误较多3 句子结构错误
11、双谓语现象句子结构混乱 4 动词使用错误 时态错误语态错误滥用be动词 5 汉语式英语 6. 不规则动词及常用词拼写错误 7. 名词单复数错误 8、词义模糊，用词不够准确9、行文清晰，句子与句子间缺乏衔接. 10、逻辑错误，如：because与so或者although与but等同时出现在同一个句子里。【考点精练】 Test 1假设你是李华，你所在的学校最近浪费现象严重，比如长流水、长明灯等。为此学校倡导建设“节约型校园”。请以“How to build an economized campus”为题写一篇英语作文，要点如下： 认识到节约资源的重要性； 从“我”做起节约资源，及时关灯、随手关水龙
12、头等； 号召师生共建节约型校园。参考词汇： 水龙头 tap 注意：1. 字数在100字左右；2. 可适当增减细节，使行文连贯；开头已写好，不计入总字数；3. 不能使用真实姓名与学校；How to build an economized campus Test 2假如你是李明,你校教师Mr. Smith邀请你本周六上午去听关于美国历史的讲座，但你因故不能参加。请根据以下提示写一封邮件向Mr. Smith说明情况。1.表示歉意；2.说明理由：去火车站接来看你的母亲；3.表示遗憾：对美国历史很感兴趣，遗憾错过这次机会；4.希望得到讲座的录像(video)或课件(PPT),以便课下学习。注意：1.字数
13、100字左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;3.书写整洁。Dear Mr. Smith, _. Yours sincerely, Li MingTest 3假设你将作为云阳中学高三毕业生代表，请根据以下要点在毕业晚会上用英文作一个告别演讲:1. 感谢家人，朋友和老师。可举例感谢老师（不用真名，一律使用Mr. Zheng, 并写出原因）。2. 回顾高中三年的生活。列举出你印象深刻的活动。 3. 展望未来。注意：开头与结尾已经给出，所写部分120字左右。 Dear teachers, families and graduates, welcome and thank you for joini
14、ng us tonight at Yunyang Senior High School graduation ceremony for the Class of 2015! Test 4假如你叫李华，是一名高中学生。你发现很多学生都有3G手机、iPod 或MP4.他们在课余时间忙着听音乐、打游戏、上网聊天，严重影响了学习。你打算给某英语报刊的编辑写一封信反映这种情况。内容包括：1. 3G手机、iPod 或MP4带来的好处； 2. 它们对中学生产生的负面影响；3. 提出自己的一些想法或建议。注意：词数：110左右； 2. 开头和结尾已经给出，但不计入总词数。Dear Editor, I am a
15、 student in a senior high school. I am writing to share my worries about my classmates._I am looking forward to your early reply. Yours, Li HuaTest 5假定你是张华，在报纸上看到暑假期间有一场篮球联赛在招聘兼职英语翻译。请你用英语写一封求职信，内容包括：1.自我介绍；2. 介绍自己和此工作有关的能力或条件；3. 表达希望应聘成功的期望。注意：可根据要点适当发挥，以使行文连贯。词数：不少于100（短文开头已给出，不计入总词数）。Dear Sir, I
16、learned in the newspaper that you are looking for a part-time translator for a basketball match. Test 6假如你是李华。你的两位朋友Tom与Peter几天前发生了争吵。3月9日是Peter生日，Tom想送他一个礼物来缓和关系，修复友情，特地发来邮件寻求你的建议。请你根据以下要点给Tom回一封邮件：1礼物选择；2.你的理由；3.其它和解建议。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾己给出，不计入总词数。Dear Tom，Im glad to hear that y
17、ou are considering making up with Peter._Best wishes，Li HuaTest 7假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Johnson即将到你所在学校学习，想通过你了解学校食堂(canteen)的情况。请你根据提示给他写封电子邮件，向他介绍相关情况。内容包括：1. 就餐时间；2. 菜品种类；3. 就餐费用。注意：1. 100词左右，开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Johnson,I am glad to hear that you will come to study in our school. Loo
18、king forward to your coming. Yours, Li HuaTest 8假如你是星光中学的学生李华，将参加主题为“My Chinese Dream”的英语演讲比赛，请撰写一篇演讲稿，主要内容包括：1. 梦想成为一名山村教师，帮助山村孩子；2. 山区偏僻，教育落后；3. 父母和朋友都反对；4. 我会注意：1.词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已为你写好。Good morning, everyone!_Thank You!Test 9在世界环保日到来前夕，联合国教科文组织就如何处理垃圾问题向全世界中学生征文。请你以Saving Our City为题，写一篇110词左右的短文
19、。文章的第一句已给出，但不计入总词数。 提示：(不要逐条译成英文, 请注意文章结构, 和行文流畅)1. 城市垃圾的危害： 污染环境；有害健康。2. 处理垃圾的措施有：垃圾分类；报纸、玻璃的再利用；有害垃圾的处理；废水处理；制定法律。 Saving Our CityIt is very important to deal with the rubbish in cities. _Test 10假定你是张华，在报纸上看到暑假期间有一场篮球联赛在招聘兼职英语翻译。请你用英语写一封求职信，内容包括：1. 自我介绍；2. 介绍自己和此工作有关的能力或条件；3. 表达希望应聘成功的期望。注意：可根据要点适
20、当发挥，以使行文连贯。词数：不少于100（短文开头已给出，不计入总词数）。Dear Sir, I learned in the newspaper that you are looking for a part-time translator for a basketball match. Test 11假设你是李华，是校英语俱乐部的成员。英语俱乐部下次交流的话题是My Hero，请你写一篇英语发言稿，介绍你班身残志坚的同学王跃。内容包括：1. 他不能正常地走路； 2. 他对待生活和学习的态度； 3. 你敬佩他的原因。注意：1. 词数120左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear
21、 friends,_Thats all. Thank you.Test 12Study the following cartoon carefully and write an essay on the topic of loving our parents.Your essay should meet the requirements below:1. Describe the cartoon and the message conveyed.2. Draw a conclusion and give your comments on the cartoon.3. Word limit: 1
22、00- 120 words. Test 13假设你是某外国语学校的学生会主席。最近，为了弘扬雷锋精神，你校决定开展多项志愿服务活动。请用英语写一篇倡议书，发表在校英语报上，号召同学们加入本校的志愿者俱乐部。内容包括：1.陈述当志愿者的好处；2.向同学们发出几点倡议。注意：1.词数120左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头已给出，但不计入总词数。Dear fellow students,Volunteering has a positive effect on our community. _. Students UnionTest 14请以“The Benefits of Fai
23、lure”为题，结合自己的经历，写一篇短文发表到校英语报上。要点如下：1列举实例； 2.认识变化； 3.态度转变。注意：1.词数120 字左右;2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.参考词汇：激励 motivateTest 15你的英语老师在每堂英语课开始都要求学生进行3-4分钟的英语演讲，某次课前要求你们以“My Dream College”为题写一篇词数为100 左右的英语短文。要求：1. 简要描述你梦想的大学及选择它的原因； 2. 你准备如何为之奋斗。注意：开头语及结束语以为你写好，不计入总词数。My Dream College Its my great honor to share m
24、y dream college with you. Thank you for your listening!【高阶特练】2016高考英语-书面表达集训（十五）答案Test 1How to build an economized campusNowadays, waste on campus has become an increasingly serious problem. We can often see many students leave the water running and some let the lights on for a long time , which cau
25、ses a serious waste of resources.Therefore, its high time that we took some measures to deal with the problem. Firstly, we should realize that natural resources are limited. Many parts of our country are suffering from drought and power lack. Besides, everyone has the responsibility to preserve natu
26、ral resources. In addition, We should save every piece of paper, every drop of water and turn off the lights when leaving the room. Only through these can we hope to build an economized campus. The small efforts by a single individual may make a huge difference. Let us work together to build an econ
27、omized campus!Test 2Dear Mr. Smith,Im so sorry that I wont be able to attend the lecture on the American history this Saturday morning, because my mother will come to see me that day. We havent seen each other for quite a long time and I have promised to meet her at the railway station, for she is n
28、ot familiar with this city.As you know, Im deeply interested in the American history, so its really a pity to miss the lecture. But I wonder if I could borrow the video or have a copy of the PPT. It would mean so much to me to watch the video or PPT and learn whats covered in your lecture.Best wishe
29、s to you.Yours sincerely, Li MingTest 3Dear teachers, families and graduates, welcome and thank you for joining us tonight at Yunyang Senior High School graduation ceremony for the Class of 2015! First, let me thank all our families and friends for their love and support on behalf of the graduates.
30、I also want to thank our diligent teachers for guiding us through to this moment. My personal thanks to Mr Zheng, you got me through Math when I had given up hope. Graduation is a time to go over enjoyable memories which have been made over the past three years. Many events become so vivid in my min
31、d at this moment, military training, soccer and basketball games. However, graduation is also a time to look forward to the future in front of us. No matter what you plan next, I hope you can go about it positively. Each of you will create your own unique path. Lets remember the saying “Attitude det
32、ermines altitude”. Please always keep a smile on your face. Finally, best wishes to the Class of 2015. Thank you very much.Test 4Dear Editor, I am a student in a senior high school. I am writing to share my worries about my classmates.With the development of IT industry in recent years, many of my c
33、lassmates have 3G mobile phones, iPods or MP4. Although the modern equipment can inform us of the latest news, make us relaxed and keep in touch with our friends, they have negative effects on us. I have noticed that some of them play computer games, watch movies or chat online after class, even in
34、class. This has caused them to lose their interest in their lessons and want to play with their 3G mobile phones, iPods or MP4. So I am worried about them.I hope 3G mobile phones, iPods or MP4 should be banned at school. Do you agree with me?I am looking forward to your early supply. Yours, Li HuaTe
35、st 5Dear Sir, I learned in the newspaper that you are looking for a part-time translator for a basketball match.I want to apply for the job. My name is Zhang Hua. Im an 18-year-old student at Yingsheng Middle School. I believe Im qualified for the job. First, Im so interested in basketball that I kn
36、ow all the basketball terms well and all the famous teams and basketball players around the world. Second, I often practise English with foreigners and can speak English fluently. Third, Im fast and can deal with all kinds of urgent cases on the spot. Last but not least, I have worked as a translato
37、r before. In a word, Im confident that I can do the job well, so Im eager to get the opportunity.Im looking forward to your reply. Yours, Zhang HuaTest 6Dear Tom，Im glad to hear that you are considering making up with Peter. If I were you, I would consider a bike as a birthday present for him.As far
38、 as I know, Peter is always in poor health so he can take more exercise by riding a bike to build up his body. In the meanwhile, you can often go outing by bike together, which is helpful to rebuild your friendship. Besides, taking a bike is an environmentallyfriendly means of transport. Its conveni
39、ent for him to get around as well.Apart from giving him a gift, you can also adopt other means, such as travelling, seeing a movie, having dinner and going shopping. No matter what you do, being sincere is the most important. I really hope that we can be good friends forever.Best wishes，Li HuaTest 7
40、Dear Johnson,I am glad to hear that you will come to study in our school. Here I will introduce you our canteen so that you can get prepared. The canteen usually runs early in the morning from 6:30 to 7:00. They offer noodles, dumplings and eggs and so on for breakfast. Lunch starts at 12:00 and las
41、ts about 40 minutes with various dishes including fresh vegetables and delicious meat like pork and beef. Dinner begins at 5:00 p.m. and there are a few dishes provided. The average expense of each meal is about 8 yuan. Of course, it will cost you more if you order special dishes. I believe you can get used to the food here soon.Looking forward to your coming.Yours, Li HuaTest 8Test 9Saving Our City