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1、2016高考英语书面表达集训（七）【高阶特练】第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第二节 书面表达（满分25分） 按照题目要求或提示来完成下列表述。【高端点拨】每年高考后，我们一直在思索：英语高考中书面表达考什么、怎么考、如何写等系列高难表述问题。但是，通过与考生交流，我们发现他们的书面表达的思维能力并非不活跃，只是在他们的记忆库中存储的相应表达方式不足，或记忆有误，或根本是空白。拿到作文题目后，不愁没内容可写，只愁没词可用，或是写了不知是否正确，因此在表达过程中，要么被迫放弃，要么按照汉语的结构硬译，以致造成短文词不达意，错误地传递信息，分数也受到影响。针对考生在书面表达方面出现的问题，下面
2、将谈谈高考书面表达的复习建议和答题技巧。一、复习建议（一）明确写作能力的培养和提高是一个日积月累的过程。高考英语书面表达题是一项综合性的测试。要写好一篇短文，考生不仅要具备熟练的谴词、造句和谋篇能力，而且需要熟知不同的写作策略。如果从高三年级开始准备，则必须保证有科学、全面的训练计划和足量的写作实践，在这方面，笔者要求学生从认识句子成分，到谴词成句，到练习基本句式，再到语段语篇的这样一个过程。当然有些学生在这过程中也坚持写日记，然后笔者给他们都进行了详细批改。这样学生既听从了老师的安排和指导，也没有忽视自己的独立实践与总结。（二）注重平时的练笔。近几年考题的话题包括外国交换学生在华学习生活安排
3、、少年健康问题、中学生业余生活、人们的生活变化、环境保护、中学生庆祝 2008年奥运会申办、举办成功等。对于这些话题，每个考生都不会感到无话可说，只要平时认真进行一些写作实践，就不难具备应付这类话题所必要的写作能力。（三）明确写作方向。从近几年的情况来看，试题并没有特定的语篇或文体要求。虽然短文会用到记叙、说明或议论等表达方式，但这毕竟只是一个区区几十字的文段，远不足被称为记叙文、议论文、说明文或某种特定文体的文章。例如： 书面表达材料要求根据一首诗的内容，描述其中的一位老师，这是单纯的记叙文;或者根据提示，写毕业赠言，其中首先要求表述好友在你心中的印象，并用一两个事例加以描述，然后表达祝愿，
4、这其实也是记叙文;或者依据要求，让学生描述一位伟人，并说明自己喜欢他或她的原因，这还是记叙文。（四）注意平时的词汇积累。针对考生平时练习时出现的没词可用，写了不知是否正确等情况，建议考生们采用听、读、写相结合的办法，增加语言输入，扩大存储量。高三年级不可避免地要进行大量的听和读的练习，在做完听力和阅读理解后，可以停下来，用一点时间有意识地增加针对写作的语言输入，比如将听过或读过的表达方式回忆一下并记住，或者将有用的短语标出来，记在笔记本上，以备事后记忆之用。注意选取的资料应与考生自己的写作水平相近，还要提高记忆的准确性。二、解题技巧高考英语书面表达题解题应遵循五步骤的原则进行。2015年普通高
5、等学校招生全国统一考试大纲英语中对写作这样要求：“要求考生根据提示进行书面表达，考生应能(1)准确使用语法和词汇。(2)使用一定的句型、词汇，清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思。如何写好一篇作文分5个步骤（一）仔细审题，确定要点。在开始写作这前一定要认真阅读题目中的所有信息(中文提示、图示、注意事项等)把需要表达的全部信息要点列成提纲，列要点时，如果提示是图表，要认真审图，从图中找出要表达的信息要点，如事件发生的背景，人物的衣着、表情、动作、位置、年龄、外貌、图中的英汉文字等，如果有参考词汇，一定要用上。（二）根据要点，遣词造句。近年来高考书面表达的要求不断提高，高分文章要有较多的词汇，较高级的词汇用
6、法。比如表达丰富可以用rich,但如果你用abundant这个词就属于较高级的词汇。再比如“他强调小心驾驶的重要”这个句子 He emphasized the importance of careful driving.其中“强调”这个词如果你用 attach much importance to 效果更佳。（三）确定时态及人称，内容连贯，结构紧凑。高考书面表达评分标准明确规定，如人称错误要扣分，不同的文体一般都有基本时态。日记通常记叙发生过的事情，多用一般过去时。议论文多用一般现在时，通知等文体通常用一般将来时。每个句子写好之后，句与句之间要选择恰当的连接词。比如：(1)表示承接、递进用语，
7、besides(并且)、whats more(并且)，moreover(而且)，firstly, secondly, finally(最后)，from now on (从此)，afterwards I after that(后来)，to make things worse/ whats worse(使事情更为糟糕的是)，the worst thing of all(最糟糕的是)。(2)表示转折关系用语。But, however, otherwise, though, despite, in spite of.(尽管)on the other hand(另一方面)，as(尽管)，all the
8、same(尽管如此)。(3)表示因果关系用语。because/because of.for(因为)，owing to (由于)，thanks to (由于)，due to (由于)，so that (结果)。(4)归纳总结用语。to summarize(总而言之)，in short/in a word(简而言之)，on the whole(从总体看)，generally speaking(一般说来)，in my view(我的观点)，in conclusion(总之)。（四）句式丰富，避免重词。英语书面表达评分标准第五档(21-25分)要求，“应使用较复杂结构，这要求学生不仅会运用基本句型，也
9、要有意识地使用复杂句型，这是文章的亮点。如何使用复杂结构，本人认为适当运用非谓语结构(分词短语、动名词或不定式短语)、适当运用各种从句(定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句)，这些都是有效的途径。比如：When he arrived in Beijing, he gave me an e-mail.(时间状语从句。一般)On arriving in Beijing, he gave me an e-mail. Having arrived in Beijing, he gave me an e-mail.(使用了介词+动名词和现在分词短语，分别作状语。高级) Hardly had he arrive
10、d in Beijing when he gave me an e-mail.(改变时态，句子结构。高级)I wont believe what he says.(一般)No matter what he says, I wont believe it.(让步状从句，高级)。（五）认真答写，卷面整洁。高考书面表达评分标准中对书写有较高要求。尤其是高考英语作文网上进行阅卷以来，如果书写较差，会影响到扫描质量，因此，考生在答卷时，一定要认真、清楚规范地书写，以保卷面整洁和美观，为争取高分作文做好铺垫。三、修正小误1、审题不够仔细，遗漏要点2、语言基础知识薄弱，语法和拼写错误较多3 句子结构错误 双
11、谓语现象句子结构混乱 4 动词使用错误 时态错误语态错误滥用be动词 5 汉语式英语 6. 不规则动词及常用词拼写错误 7. 名词单复数错误 8、词义模糊，用词不够准确9、行文清晰，句子与句子间缺乏衔接. 10、逻辑错误，如：because与so或者although与but等同时出现在同一个句子里。【考点精练】 Test 1 假定你是李华，下面四幅图画描绘了发生在你上学路上的一件事情，请根据图画内容用Test 2假设你是李华，Peter是你的笔友。随着国庆节的来临，他们一家准备来中国旅游。请你给他发封邮件，推荐景点及出行方式。注意：1字数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头和结
12、尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。Dear Peter.Im so glad to learn that you and your family are coming to visit China._Looking forward to seeing you! Yours,Li HuaTest 3生活中，你自己或他人曾有过物品不慎丢失而又找回的经历，其间有烦恼、有惊喜、有感慨请就此写一篇英语短文。 主要内容包括： 1）丢失的物品； 2）失而复得的经过； 3）你的感想。注意：1词数100个左右；2不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。Test 4最近一段时间我国多个地方出现雾霾天气，极大地影响了人们的健康与生活
13、。因此你想以此为话题，写一篇通讯稿。应包括以下要点：1. 对生活造成的影响； 2. 建议采取的措施 要求：1. 词数 100 - 120； 2. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：雾霾haze 雾霾天气hazy weatherRecently hazy weather has occurred in many areas of China._Test 5最近，中国日报邀请读者参与在线调查，以帮助确定最佳英文翻译“羊年”的“羊”该用goat, sheep还是ram。假定你是李华，参与了本次在线调查活动，请根据以下要点给该报编辑写封信，谈谈你的看法。内容应包括： 生肖的用途：计年 生肖的寓意：不
14、同 你的建议：用拼音注意： 词数100左右： 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。参考词汇：生肖 zodiac；计年 calculate the year*Dear Editor,My name is Li Hua. Recently Ive read a debate over the translation of “Yang Nian” in China Daily._Test 6假如你是某家英文报社的编辑，昨日收到一位中学生读者王丽的来信。请根据来信内容和所给的要点提示用英语写一封回信。Dear Editor, I am a hardworking girl
15、and want to be the number one in my class. But in the exams, I always make mistakes that I should have avoided. I really worry about it. What can I do to improve my performance in exams? Wang Li提示：1不要压力太大； 2如有问题，请教老师或同学；3考试时合理分配时间并尽量抽出几分钟检查。注意：1可以适当增加细节以使行文连贯；2书信的开头和结尾已给出，但不计人总词数。参考词汇：分配distributeTe
16、st 7你的英语老师在每堂英语课开始都要求学生进行3-4分钟的英语演讲，某次课前要求你们以“My Dream College”为题写一篇词数为100 左右的英语短文。要求：1. 简要描述你梦想的大学及选择它的原因； 2. 你准备如何为之奋斗。注意：开头语及结束语以为你写好，不计入总词数。My Dream College Its my great honor to share my dream college with you. Thank you for your listening!Test 8假定你是星光中学的高中毕业生李华，母校将为高一新生举办主题为“What to learn in s
17、enior high school?”的英语沙龙活动，特邀请你结合自身经历谈谈自己的体会。请根据以下提示准备一份英语发言稿。1学会学习：方法，习惯等；2学会做人：真诚，友善；3学会其他：考生自拟。注意：1词数120左右；2发言稿开头和结尾已给出，不须抄在答题卡上，不计入总次数。Good morning, everyone! It is my honor to be here to share with you my opinions on learn in senior high school_Thank you!Test 9假如你叫李华，不久前参加了美国文化委员会举办的一次语言竞赛活动，作为
18、获奖者你得到了暑假去美国免费学习英语的机会。以下是校方寄给你的课程安排表，请你阅读课表，按要求给对方负责人Mr. Smith回一封信。Schedule For EFLS Summer English Courses注意：1. 信的开头已为你写好，但不计入总词数；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.词数：100左右。Dear Mr. Smith,Thank you for your offer of inviting me to the free summer English course in your school._Test 10学生会将举办一次以“校园生活创意无限”(Innovatio
19、n on Campus)为主题的创意作品展评活动。请根据以下内容，用英语写一份书面通知。Test 11某校校园网准备为高三毕业生开辟一个英语专栏，现面向全校征稿。请你以“An unforgettable experience in my high school”为题，用英语写一篇短文，记述自己高中课余生活中的一件有意义的事并谈谈感想。注意：1.开头已为你写好， 不计入总词数； 2.词数120左右。 An unforgettable experience in my high school How time flies! It will be only a month before I grad
20、uate from high school . But there are some experiences I will never forget. Test 12 高中生考入大学后，是否要立即为其配备笔记本电脑呢？对此，有人赞同，有人反对。请你根据下列表格的内容写一篇英语短文，并发表你的看法。 支持者 反对者A. 是对子女奋发努力取得好成绩的肯定和奖励B. 方便今后的学习，随时随地地可以上网查阅资料1. 给有些家庭增加了经济负担2. 大学学习条件比较优越，有足够的计算机房供学生使用你的看法（至少两点）注意：1. 对所给要点逐一陈述并适当发挥，不要简单翻译。3. 词数100左右，开头已经给出
21、，不计入总词数。Is it necessary for freshmen to have a laptop when they go to university? Different people have different ideas. Test 13第二节书面表达 (满分25分) 学生会将举办一次以“校园生活创意无限”(Innovation on Campus)为主题的创意作品展评活动。请根据以下内容，用英语写一份书面通知。参考词汇：创意innovation注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 结束语已为你写好。Notice_Come on, everybody! It s your sho
22、w time. StudentsUnionTest 14第二节 书面表达（满分25分）假设你是李华，今年6月高考之后将有一个较长的假期。请根据下列要点，给你的美国朋友John写一封Email，谈谈你的暑期计划。要点如下：1聚会；2旅游；3学习某种技能。注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 信的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数； 3. 不要逐句翻译，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear John,How is everything going? As you know, Ill have a long holiday after the College Entrance Examination.
23、 Yours, Li HuaTest 14假设你是李华，今年6月高考之后将有一个较长的假期。请根据下列要点，给你的美国朋友John写一封Email，谈谈你的暑期计划。要点如下：1聚会；2旅游；3学习某种技能。注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 信的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数； 3. 不要逐句翻译，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear John,How is everything going? As you know, Ill have a long holiday after the College Entrance Examination. Yours, Li HuaTest 15目
24、前，雾霾现象在中国一些城市经常出现，并对人们的身体、工作、生活产生很大影响。假设你叫李华，是校报的一名记者，要写一篇关于雾霾的文章，内容大致如下： 1. 分析雾霾的形成原因（例如工厂排放的有毒气体、汽车尾气等等）。2. 出现雾霾天气时，应该减少出行和锻炼，最好带口罩。3. 号召同学们劝说周围的人少开车，建议政府应该采取措施减少大气污染。字数在100字左右，可适当加入一些相关内容。参考词汇：雾霾 haze 口罩 breathing mask【高阶特练】2016高考英语-书面表达集训（七）答案Test 1I was walking to school this morning when I cau
25、ght sight of an old woman with a walking stick lying on the ground. I quickly ran over to help her up and asked her what was wrong with her. She told me she slipped and fell due to heart trouble. I was worried and decided to take her to a hospital. And then I went to a department store near the hosp
26、ital and contacted her family. Soon her son and daughter came to the hospital. They thanked and praised me for my kindness by writing me a thank-you letter. Although I was late for school today, I felt very proud of what I had done.Test 2Dear Peter,Im so glad to learn that you and your family are co
27、ming to visit China.China is a great country with a very long history so there are large numbers of places of interest and scenic spots in itWith the coming of National Day holidays, these places will take on new looks and it is a good time for your family to travel across ChinaYou can first fly to
28、Beijing and pay a visit to the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Palace Museum and the Tiananmen SquareAfter that you can travel with agencies to famous attractions such as the Yellow Mountain, Jiuzhaigou and GuilinSince the 2010 World Expo is being held in Shanghai, I also advise you to take the c
29、hance to visit it.Looking forward to seeing you!Yours,Li HuaTest 3 This morning I lost my iphone on my bus ride to school. It was a birthday gift from my parents. I was so upset that I couldnt concentrate in the first class. After class, my head teacher called me out and unexpectedly showed me the i
30、phone. It turned out that my phone slipped out of my pocket when I hurriedly got off. A kind passenger noticed it and tried to call me. But it was too late. So he had to follow me all the way to the school gate and gave it to the guard.How excited and how deeply moved I was！I have decided to be as k
31、ind and helpful as the passenger.Test 4Recently hazy weather has occurred in many areas of China, which has great harm to our daily life. And it has become a growing concern throughout the country. Its obvious that hazy weather has many negative effects. First of all, peoples health is threatened an
32、d some of them even suffer from diseases such as coughing. In addition, more traffic jams and more accidents arise from it, which in turn disturbs peoples normal life. Faced with this situation, we are supposed to raise the awareness of environmental protection. Not only should we stop sending out h
33、armful gases, but more energy should be saved in our daily life. Meanwhile, importance should be attached to planting trees. Only when we take effective measures, will our environment make a difference.Test 5Dear Editor,My name is Li Hua. Recently Ive read a debate over the translation of “Yang Nian
34、” in China Daily. As a student reader, Im writing to tell you my opinion about it.As is known to us all, the Chinese zodiac circles every 12 years. That is to say, each year is given an animal name. Now, its far more than calculating the year. For example, the dragon has more meanings than the world
35、 itself. As a result, its hard to give the right translation.As to me, it doesnt make any sense to turn “Yang Nian” into the year of the goat, sheep ot ram. I prefer to use the Chinese Pinyin “Yang Nian” so as to avoid the confusion.Test 6Dear Wang Li,Its good that you know what prevents you achievi
36、ng satisfying scores in exams. But remember, even the very best can make mistakes sometimes. So, dont put too much pressure on yourself.Learning from the errors youve made in the past exams is an effective way to avoid making the same mistakes next time. If you have problems you cannot solve, turn t
37、o your teacher or classmates for advice.When you attend the exam, plan how to distribute your time according to the number of questions. Spare a few minutes to review your work in order that you can spot the silly mistakes.Enjoy the challenge each new exam brings. I believe a good learning habit can
38、 eventually help you gain success.Editor 【思路点拨】 本文是应用文，要求学生就如何处理压力问题提出自己的建议，故应用一般现在时和第二人称。文章要点全，语法知识应用灵活，且使用得当，堪称佳作。文中使用了分词短语learning做主语，现在分词making作宾语；高级词汇spot，avoid等；what引导的宾语从句和when引导的时间状语从句，if引导的条件状语从句等都彰显了作者的扎实的英语功底。Test 7My Dream College Its my great honor to share my dream college with you. As
39、 we all know , going to college has been attached great significance to us Chinese students . And we are sparing no effort to be admitted by our dream college.Definitely, my dream college is Fudan University , which in my heart, is well-known for her first-class education. On the one hand , she has
40、attracted me since I was a child because my mother graduated from Fudan University. Meanwhile, Fudan University is located in ShangHai, which is an international city where I can get a lot of knowledge and experience. Above all , I am sure it is where I will go on fighting for my better future.To realize my dream , whatever challenge I will face , I will never give in. Though it is a gr