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1、2016高考英语书面表达集训（十三）【高阶特练】第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第二节 书面表达（满分25分） 按照题目要求或提示来完成下列表述。【高端点拨】每年高考后，我们一直在思索：英语高考中书面表达考什么、怎么考、如何写等系列高难表述问题。但是，通过与考生交流，我们发现他们的书面表达的思维能力并非不活跃，只是在他们的记忆库中存储的相应表达方式不足，或记忆有误，或根本是空白。拿到作文题目后，不愁没内容可写，只愁没词可用，或是写了不知是否正确，因此在表达过程中，要么被迫放弃，要么按照汉语的结构硬译，以致造成短文词不达意，错误地传递信息，分数也受到影响。针对考生在书面表达方面出现的问题，下
2、面将谈谈高考书面表达的复习建议和答题技巧。一、复习建议（一）明确写作能力的培养和提高是一个日积月累的过程。高考英语书面表达题是一项综合性的测试。要写好一篇短文，考生不仅要具备熟练的谴词、造句和谋篇能力，而且需要熟知不同的写作策略。如果从高三年级开始准备，则必须保证有科学、全面的训练计划和足量的写作实践，在这方面，笔者要求学生从认识句子成分，到谴词成句，到练习基本句式，再到语段语篇的这样一个过程。当然有些学生在这过程中也坚持写日记，然后笔者给他们都进行了详细批改。这样学生既听从了老师的安排和指导，也没有忽视自己的独立实践与总结。（二）注重平时的练笔。近几年考题的话题包括外国交换学生在华学习生活安
3、排、少年健康问题、中学生业余生活、人们的生活变化、环境保护、中学生庆祝 2008年奥运会申办、举办成功等。对于这些话题，每个考生都不会感到无话可说，只要平时认真进行一些写作实践，就不难具备应付这类话题所必要的写作能力。（三）明确写作方向。从近几年的情况来看，试题并没有特定的语篇或文体要求。虽然短文会用到记叙、说明或议论等表达方式，但这毕竟只是一个区区几十字的文段，远不足被称为记叙文、议论文、说明文或某种特定文体的文章。例如： 书面表达材料要求根据一首诗的内容，描述其中的一位老师，这是单纯的记叙文;或者根据提示，写毕业赠言，其中首先要求表述好友在你心中的印象，并用一两个事例加以描述，然后表达祝愿
4、，这其实也是记叙文;或者依据要求，让学生描述一位伟人，并说明自己喜欢他或她的原因，这还是记叙文。（四）注意平时的词汇积累。针对考生平时练习时出现的没词可用，写了不知是否正确等情况，建议考生们采用听、读、写相结合的办法，增加语言输入，扩大存储量。高三年级不可避免地要进行大量的听和读的练习，在做完听力和阅读理解后，可以停下来，用一点时间有意识地增加针对写作的语言输入，比如将听过或读过的表达方式回忆一下并记住，或者将有用的短语标出来，记在笔记本上，以备事后记忆之用。注意选取的资料应与考生自己的写作水平相近，还要提高记忆的准确性。二、解题技巧高考英语书面表达题解题应遵循五步骤的原则进行。2015年普通
5、高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲英语中对写作这样要求：“要求考生根据提示进行书面表达，考生应能(1)准确使用语法和词汇。(2)使用一定的句型、词汇，清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思。如何写好一篇作文分5个步骤（一）仔细审题，确定要点。在开始写作这前一定要认真阅读题目中的所有信息(中文提示、图示、注意事项等)把需要表达的全部信息要点列成提纲，列要点时，如果提示是图表，要认真审图，从图中找出要表达的信息要点，如事件发生的背景，人物的衣着、表情、动作、位置、年龄、外貌、图中的英汉文字等，如果有参考词汇，一定要用上。（二）根据要点，遣词造句。近年来高考书面表达的要求不断提高，高分文章要有较多的词汇，较高级的词汇
6、用法。比如表达丰富可以用rich,但如果你用abundant这个词就属于较高级的词汇。再比如“他强调小心驾驶的重要”这个句子 He emphasized the importance of careful driving.其中“强调”这个词如果你用 attach much importance to 效果更佳。（三）确定时态及人称，内容连贯，结构紧凑。高考书面表达评分标准明确规定，如人称错误要扣分，不同的文体一般都有基本时态。日记通常记叙发生过的事情，多用一般过去时。议论文多用一般现在时，通知等文体通常用一般将来时。每个句子写好之后，句与句之间要选择恰当的连接词。比如：(1)表示承接、递进用语
7、，besides(并且)、whats more(并且)，moreover(而且)，firstly, secondly, finally(最后)，from now on (从此)，afterwards I after that(后来)，to make things worse/ whats worse(使事情更为糟糕的是)，the worst thing of all(最糟糕的是)。(2)表示转折关系用语。But, however, otherwise, though, despite, in spite of.(尽管)on the other hand(另一方面)，as(尽管)，all the
8、 same(尽管如此)。(3)表示因果关系用语。because/because of.for(因为)，owing to (由于)，thanks to (由于)，due to (由于)，so that (结果)。(4)归纳总结用语。to summarize(总而言之)，in short/in a word(简而言之)，on the whole(从总体看)，generally speaking(一般说来)，in my view(我的观点)，in conclusion(总之)。（四）句式丰富，避免重词。英语书面表达评分标准第五档(21-25分)要求，“应使用较复杂结构，这要求学生不仅会运用基本句型，
9、也要有意识地使用复杂句型，这是文章的亮点。如何使用复杂结构，本人认为适当运用非谓语结构(分词短语、动名词或不定式短语)、适当运用各种从句(定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句)，这些都是有效的途径。比如：When he arrived in Beijing, he gave me an e-mail.(时间状语从句。一般)On arriving in Beijing, he gave me an e-mail. Having arrived in Beijing, he gave me an e-mail.(使用了介词+动名词和现在分词短语，分别作状语。高级) Hardly had he arriv
10、ed in Beijing when he gave me an e-mail.(改变时态，句子结构。高级)I wont believe what he says.(一般)No matter what he says, I wont believe it.(让步状从句，高级)。（五）认真答写，卷面整洁。高考书面表达评分标准中对书写有较高要求。尤其是高考英语作文网上进行阅卷以来，如果书写较差，会影响到扫描质量，因此，考生在答卷时，一定要认真、清楚规范地书写，以保卷面整洁和美观，为争取高分作文做好铺垫。三、修正小误1、审题不够仔细，遗漏要点2、语言基础知识薄弱，语法和拼写错误较多3 句子结构错误
11、双谓语现象句子结构混乱 4 动词使用错误 时态错误语态错误滥用be动词 5 汉语式英语 6. 不规则动词及常用词拼写错误 7. 名词单复数错误 8、词义模糊，用词不够准确9、行文清晰，句子与句子间缺乏衔接. 10、逻辑错误，如：because与so或者although与but等同时出现在同一个句子里。【考点精练】 Test 1假设你的名字叫李华，你从你的朋友王涛那里借了一本书，可是不小心让你家的宠物狗撕坏了几页，请你就此事给王涛写一封信，信的内容如下：1. 告诉他发生的事情并向他表示歉意；2. 你买了一本同样的书，想赔偿给他，希望他不要生气；3. 希望还可以继续从他那里借书。注意：1. 词数1
12、00左右，开头语和结尾语已为你写好； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称。Dear Wang Tao,_ Yours sincerely, Li HuaTest 2假设你是李明，你在美国的朋友Brown给你发来一封电子邮件，询问你在暑假期间除了做家庭作业以外，还进行了什么有趣、有意义的活动。请你给他回一封电子邮件，向他介绍你在暑假期间的主要活动。内容要点如下：1和同学及朋友观看伦敦奥运会；2上辅导课(学习数学、物理、化学)；3在餐馆打工两周，洗碗、洗菜；4到敬老院做义工(打扫卫生、为老人读报)。注意：1不要逐条翻译，可适当添加细节，词数100左右。开头
13、和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。2参考词：辅导课training course义工voluntary work老年人the elderly敬老院nursing homeDear Brian, Glad to have received your email. Now Id like to tell you something about my summer vacation._Yours, Li Ming Test 3随着习近平主席及其夫人对英国的正式访问，当地的人们对中国产生了浓厚的兴趣。你的英国笔友Peter想让你向他推荐一个能够很好了解中国的途径。请根据下列信息，给Peter写一封推荐信，介
14、绍一个 “阅读中国”Reading About China”的读书活动。内容要点：1.英国115家书店展销43000余册中国图书（英文版）2.书籍内容：中国传统文化，旅游，城市，著名人物等3.活动时间：为期3周（10月20日开始）词数：100词左右Dear Peter, Test 4高中生活是人一生中最美好的时光，除了学业之外，我们还经历、感悟了许多。为了在毕业前不留下遗憾，我们搞好备考复习的同时，是不是还该做点什么？请根据提示的要点写一篇英语短文，谈谈你的想法。l 向老师表示感谢l 跟对你有误解的同学谈一谈l 征求同学的宝贵意见l 再为班级做件有意义的事注意：1可适当加入细节，以使行文连贯；
15、2短文的单词数：100左右（开头已给出的单词不计入单词总数）High school is regarded as the best time of my life. Besides classes and homework, theres something more that I especially treasure. In order to leave school with no regrets Test 5你有一位英国网友,名叫Tom, 他听说了中国故宫，但知道不多，于是给你发来e-mail。请你向他介绍一下有关中国故宫的一些情况。请根据下面提供的一些要点给他回一封电子邮件：1. 故
16、宫（the Palace Museum），又叫紫禁城（the Forbidden City）。它于1407 年开始修建，20万人花了13年多的时间，于1420年建成。2. 它所有的宫殿一共有9999个房间。在中国，9这个数字传统地被认为是一个吉祥数。3. 现在，故宫免费向中国中学生于每周星期二开放。4. 故宫有着中国历史上五千多年的珍宝（precious treasure)。请他亲自来看一看。 注意：1. 词数120左右；2. 信的开头已经为你写好：Dear Tom ,It is nice to receive your e-mail. Now Id like to tell you some
17、thing about the Palace Museum._Test 6高三的你明年即将毕业。现在校报征稿，请根据以下要点写一篇英语短文，谈谈你对高三生活的体会和建议。1. 对老师与家长的关爱表示感谢；2. 向与自己发生过矛盾的同学表达歉意；3. 努力学习，实现人生梦想；4. 对学弟、学妹的建议。注意：1. 可适当加入细节，使行文连贯；2. 词数：100 左右（开头已给出，不计入总字数）。High school is always considered as the most cherished period of ones life. As a Senior 3 student, it w
18、ont be long before I graduate. _Test 7假设你叫李华，你所在的城市要为明年暑假招聘英语导游，你打算应聘。请根据下列提示，用英语写一篇面试稿。1. 对英语有浓厚的兴趣，口语熟练，经常与英国网友(net-pal)聊天；2. 性格开朗，思维敏捷，善于与人沟通；3. 本地人，熟悉所在城市的历史与文化。注意：1. 词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Hello! My name is Li Hua. Its a great honor to be here to have this interview for an
19、English guide in the summer vacation._ Thank you .Test 8请结合材料，按要求用英文写作。 As children approach adulthood, school education has a great effect on the development of them and how they deal with the relationship between teachers and students is quite important.要求：（1）就此材料发表你的看法； （2）应紧扣材料，有明确的观点； （3）词数不少于1
20、20。Test 9假如你是红星中学高三（1）班的学生李华，你参加高校招生英语面试，请根据以下提示用英语做自我介绍。1. 性格特点； 2.兴趣爱好；3. 擅长科目； 4. 未来专业意向。注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Good morning! Im Li Hua from Hongxing Middle School. _Thats all! Thank you!Test 10请阅读下面短文，并按要求以Our Life Rests on Our Choice为题，用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。 Life is a mat
21、ter of choice. Seemingly, it means a choice of concrete (具体的) things. But in fact, it means choosing a way of life. Life is to be lived and enjoyed, not to be wasted or complained about.Hardly can we forget the time when our society faced the threat from the life-and death disease - SARS. Yet, even
22、during those dreadful times, some suffering people remained optimistic. Instead of wearing white masks, some people turned to colorful ones, and thus displayed a happy mood. And some creative people dubbed SARS to mean “SMILE AND REMAIN SMILING.” People who survive these kinds of circumstances decid
23、e in their minds to carry on in spite of the hardships.Although we cannot choose our appearance, inborn gifts and even avoid unexpected disasters and adversities (逆境), we do have the right to choose to live optimistically, to love our lives, to have dreams, and to cherish hopes.Every morning when we
24、 get up, we have a choice of how we want to approach life that day.【写作内容】1. 用约30个单词写出上文的概要；2. 用约120个词就“Our Life Rests on Our Choice” 谈谈你的看法和感受，内容包括： （1）简要叙述你对“Our Life Rests on Our Choice”的理解； （2）请举例说明你会选择怎样的人生态度； （3）简要叙述你这样选择的理由。（至少2点）【写作要求】（1） 阐述观点或提供论据时，不能直接饮用原文语句；（2） 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。Test 11右面这幅
25、图片描绘了中学生交往过程中的一种现象。请根据你对这幅图片的理解用英语写一篇短文，给某英语报社投稿。你的短文应包括以下内容：1. 描述图片内容，如情景、人物、动作，等等；2. 结合漫画，谈谈你的友谊观；3. 结合自身实际，举例谈谈你自己的做法。注意：A. 可参照图中的文字及下面文章开头所给提示，作必要的想象。B. 词数150左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。 Sometimes how to make friends is not an easy task for students. _ _ Test 122013年春晚小品扶不扶的原型事件有了新的进展，2015年8月22日，四川达州，3名曾在2
26、013年因扶老人被讹诈为“撞倒”的孩子获得5000元“委屈奖”。当事人蒋某处以行政拘留7日的处罚（因年满70周岁，依法决定不予执行），其子龚某给予行政拘留10日、并处罚款500元的处罚。下图是一幅关于这一事件的一幅漫画。请你根据对这幅漫画的理解用英语写一篇短文。你的短文应包含以下内容：1. 这幅漫画想要告诉我们什么；2. 如果你遇到同类情况，扶还是不扶？并说出你的理由。注意：1. 词数100个左右。2. 提示词: grievance award委屈奖 racketeer v / racketeering n敲诈勒索 detain v /detention n拘留 help up 扶3. 作文中
27、不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。Test 13假定你校将举行一个成人仪式，你将作为代表在仪式上发言。请你按以下内容要点准备一篇英文发言稿。1.过去对成年的向往；2.现在的感受和认识；3.将来的目标及措施。参考词汇：责任 responsibility注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯；3.发言稿的开头与结束语已为你写好（不计入总词数）Good morning，everyone！The topic of my speech today is “thoughts on becoming a grown-up”._ Thank you for listening.Test 14
28、假设你是新华中学高三学生李华，你校计划开设烹饪课。现在，请你根据以下提示，给校刊的英语专栏写一篇短文，其内容包括： 1. 同学们对开设烹饪课的看法各异；2. 你持赞成态度及其理由（两点）；3. 你对开设烹饪课的建议（一条）。注意：1. 词数 100左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_Test 15每年都有许多人出国旅游，一些人的不文明行为引起了社会的广泛关注。某英语报社正在举行以“文明出国旅游”为主题的讨论。假定你是李华，请你给报社专栏编辑写一封信，呼吁大家做文明游客。要点如下：1. 尊重习俗； 2. 不高声喧哗； 3. 其它。注意 1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以
29、使行文连贯； 3. 开头语已为你写好。Dear Editor,Ive read your discussion on how to behave properly when traveling abroad. 【高阶特练】2016高考英语-书面表达集训（十三）答案Test 1Dear Wang Tao, Im writing to tell you what has happened to the book I borrowed from you yesterday. When I got home after school, I put the book on the sofa and be
30、gan to do my homework. Unfortunately, when I was going to read it, I found my pet dog had torn several pages. Im so sorry for this. When my father learnt it, we went to the bookstore and bought a new one for you. I hope you wont be angry and can accept it. I will return it to you tomorrow. I also ho
31、pe I can still borrow books from you when I need them. Apologize to you again for this and hope we can be friends forever. Yours sincerelyLi Hua,Test 2Dear Brow, Glad to have received your email. Now Id like to tell you something about my summer vacation.I finished my homework on time, which I think
32、 was the most important. Apart from that, I did a lot of interesting things. As you know, the 2012 Olympic Games took place in London, so I was able to enjoy many exciting games on TV and the Internet. I also took training courses, including maths, physics and chemistry. I also worked for two weeks
33、in a small restaurant near my home, where I washed dishes and vegetables. It was really a tiring job, but I think it was worthwhile since I could earn some money. I think my voluntary work in the nursing home was the most meaningful. I did some cleaning and read newspapers for the elderly there.What
34、 did you do during your summer vacation? Please tell me in your next email.Yours, Li Ming Test 3Dear Peter, As is known，reading is the most effective way to broaden your sight and since you are longing to acquire a good knowledge of China, I eagerly recommend to you a campaign named “Reading About C
35、hina”. In Britain, with the arrival of Chairman Xi Jinping, 115 book stores exhibit 43000 books about China, involving a wide range of subjects. Not only can you read about Chinese traditional culture and historical civilization, but also some big modern cities and places of interest are introduced
36、in these books. In addition, there are masses of biographies of famous people from different fields and maybe you will come across one about Chairman Xi. The campaign is due to last three weeks from Oct. 20th, during which you are bound to enjoy amazing reading about China. I hope my recommendation
37、will benefit you and help you learn more about China.Test 4High school is regarded as the best time of my life. Besides classes and homework, theres something more that I especially treasure. In order to leave school with no regrets, Ill make the best of my limited time to go over the lessons Ive le
38、arned. At the same time, Id like to show my gratitude to all the teachers who have given me so much help in the past three years. In addition, its necessary for me to have a talk with whoever might have misunderstood me, for I do care about the friendship between us. For the purpose of improving mys
39、elf, Ill ask my classmates for some advice which may be of great value to me. Last but not least, doing another good deed for my class is also my plan. With these things done, I will have no regrets in my high school life.Test 5 The Palace Museum is also called the Forbidden City. It took 200,000 wo
40、rkers more than 13 years to build the Forbidden City. The Forbidden City was finished being built in 1420. The largest museum in the world ,the Palace Museum, holds cultural treasures from the past 5,000 years of Chinese history . The citys palaces have 9,999 rooms altogether. Chinese people traditi
41、onally have thought of nine as a lucky number . Students from all over China now visit in groups at no charge every Tuesday . I hope you can come to China and take a look at this museum with your own eyes. Best wishes. Yours, Li MingTest 6High school is always considered as the most cherished period
42、 of ones life. As a Senior 3 student, it wont be long before I graduate. Now, I have much to share with my fellow students. Firstly, I would like to show my appreciation of help from those standing by me all the way, teachers, parents and friends included. Without their help and advice, my life would be different. Secondly, its high time to say sorry to classmates whom I hurt or misunderstood. Communication and smiles act as bridges to friendship. Above all, Ive made up my mind to make every effort to study, for