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1、阅读理解基础训练Passage 1（沙市中学2014届高三检测）体裁话题词数难度建议用时说明文新型钢笔3387分钟German inventors Falk Wolsky and Daniel Kaesma have created a digital pen, which can check for spelling mistakes in handwriting. The idea came from Wolskys wife while she was helping her son with his homework. It will help children and adults
2、develop their writing and spelling skills. The Lernstift, which is German for learning pen, has a built-in sensor. It can recognize writing movements and track the shape of the letters to recognize words. It then vibrates (震动) when a mistake is made. Lernstift also has Wi-Fi built-in, and the pen ca
3、n be connected to a smart-phone or PC to upload written texts online, share them on social networks or take part in writing training. Current digital pens use optical (光学) sensors to pick up the writing movements and digitize (数字化) the words or sketches, so that they can be used on a computer. Some
4、of these pens require additional devices, while others only work with special paper. Lernstift is different, because it has the technology and software built-in. The computer inside Lernstift is an embedded Linux operating system. The board contains a non-optical motion sensor, processor, memory, Wi
5、-Fi and vibration module. The motion sensor recognizes all writing movements, even if the pen is used to write in the air. This means Lernstift doesnt need any additional recognition devices or special paper to work on. The pen has two functions: Orthography Mode is used to recognize misspellings an
6、d will vibrate when a word is spelt incorrectly. Calligraphy Mode is used to point out flaws in the form of handwriting, to make it neater. Future models will also be able to point out grammatical mistakes such as wrong word order.Lernstift uses a built-in handwriting software to compare the written
7、 words with the correct spellings. The software has over 40 languages, and Lernstift will be launched in English and German before being rolled out to more languages. This means it could be used to help people learn new languages. 1.Who came up with the idea of Lernstift pen? A. Wolskys wifeB. Wolsk
8、ys son. C. Kaesmas wife.D. Kaesmas son.2.Whats special about the Lernstift pen?A. It can make you write more quickly without making a mistake.B. It can write words for a long time without stopping.C. It can check for spelling errors and vibrate when you make a mistake.D. It can remind you to have a
9、rest when you make a spelling mistake.3. Its believed that future models of Lernstift pen can _.A. recognize misspellings in wordsB. point out flaws in the form of handwritingC. correct spelling mistakes of itselfD. check for grammatical errors4. What can we get to know from the text?A. There will b
10、e no spelling mistakes in peoples writing paper.B. Children can finish homework as soon as possible with the Lernstift pen.C. With the help of the Lernstift pen, people come to learn 40 languages.D. The Lernstift pen will help people develop their writing and spelling skills.【文章大意】Wolsky研制了一种新型的可识别书
11、写错误的钢笔Lernstift，以震动的形式来提醒使用者。 1. A解析：细节理解题。由文章第一段“The idea came from Wolskys wife while she was helping her son with his homework.”可知，正是Wolsky的妻子在辅导儿子做作业时有了Lernstift pen的灵感。2. C解析：细节理解题。由文章第一段开头和第二段“It can recognize writing movements and track the shape of the letters to recognize words. It then vib
12、rates when a mistake is made.”可知，新型钢笔Lernstift可识别书写错误，并会以震动的形式来提醒使用者。3. D解析：细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段末“Future models will also be able to point out grammatical mistakes such as wrong word order.”可知正确答案。4. D解析：推理判断题。根据文章上下文和第一段末“It will help children and adults develop their writing and spelling skills”可知答案应为D
13、项。Passage 2（2014届黄冈三校联考）体裁话题词数难度建议用时说明文国家代表性动物4098分钟ANIMALS have always been used to represent certain human characteristics. Countries also use animals as symbols. From eagles to lions, many countries use an animal to show its national spirit and character.The image of an eagle is on the US Preside
14、nts flag, and on the one-dollar bill. The bald eagle is a large, powerful, brown bird with a white head and tail. The term “bald” does not mean that this bird lacks feathers. Instead, it comes from the old word piebald, that menas, “marked with white”.The US declared that the eagle was its national
15、bird in 1782. It was chosen because of “its long life, great strength, and noble looks”.A few eagles have even become American heroes. An eagle named “Old Abe”, the mascot of a Wisconsin troop of soldiers during the Civil War, traveled 14,000 miles with its men. He was often shot at by the enemy, bu
16、t survived 42 battles.But, one of the Founding Fathers, Benjamin Franklin didnt agree with the choice. “The bald eagle is a bird of bad moral character, like those among men who live by robbing, he is generally poor, and often very messy,” he argued. Franklin wanted the turkey as the countrys nation
17、al bird.If Americans chose their national symbol deliberately, the symbol of England arose out of history.King Herry (1068-1135) was a brave warrior but also wise. His appreciation for the rule of law earned him the nickname the Lion of Justice. He was the first English King to use a lion as a royal
18、 symbol, which is popularly known as the “king of the jungle”. By the year Richard , known as “The Lionheart” for his bravery, came to the throne in 1189, the famous Three Lions badge had been formed. Now it can be seen on the shirts of Englands sports teams.Although people might not think of lions
19、when they think of England, everyone knows about the Australian kangaroo. Legend has it that the kangaroo gets its name from an early meeting between local aborigines and white settlers. When asked by the Europeans what these strange-looking animals were, a native replied “kangaroo”, meaning “I dont
20、 understand you.”The kangaroo is an individualistic animal. Although it does gather in groups, the kangaroo is not a herd animal. If a group is attacked, individuals run off in different directions. Australians think the kangaroo represents positive values, such as individual responsibility and prid
21、e.1. The general idea of this passage should probably be _ .A. animals are friends of human beingsB. nearly all the countries have an animal as their national animalC. animals good values are always used to show a countrys national spirit and characterD. certain human characteristics are the same as
22、 some animals, so some countries love animals2. Which is NOT true about the animal of the “bald eagle”?A. It was Benjamin Franklin who made the bald eagle as the national animal of the USA.B. The term “bald” means “marked with white”.C. The bald eagle can show American national spirit and character.
23、D. “Old Abe” was even an American hero.3. The reason why the lion was made as the national animal of the United Kingdom was that _ .A. it could always be used to represent certain human characteristics of EnglandB. the Kings of England loved lionsC. there are many lions in EnglandD. lions are “king
24、of the jungle”4. What good values can the kangaroo show as national spirits?A. Group. B. Respect of others.C. Not understanding D. Positive values.【文章大意】人类常常使用动物来代表一些性格特征。动物也被许多国家拿来代表它们的民族精神或民族性格特点。文章介绍了美国、英国和澳大利亚的代表性动物。1. C解析：第一段是文章的主题段，由第一段可知，动物常被用来代表人类的一些特点，许多国家也用动物来象征它们的民旅情神和性格待点。故选C。2.A解析：据第五段“
25、But, one of the Founding Fathers, Benjamin Franklin didnt agree with the choice. Franklin wanted the turkey as the countrys national bird.”可知，本杰明富兰克林是开国者之一，而不是他把秃头鹰作为美国的象征.他想把火鸡作为美国的象征。故选A。3.A解析：根据倒数第三段可知，狮子作为英国的象征是历史发展的结果。故选A。4. D解析：根据最后一段 the kangaroo is not a herd animal. Australians think the ka
26、ngaroo represents positive values, such as individual responsibility and pride.”可知，袋鼠不是群居动物，排除A;澳大利亚人认为袋鼠代表着一些积极的价值。故选D。Passage 3（湖北重点中学2014届联考）体裁话题词数难度建议用时说明文奥斯卡最佳影片3177分钟Steven Spielberg- directed political biopic Lincoln is leading the Oscar race this year with 12 nominations (提名), while the Ang
27、Lee-helmed Indian drama Life of Pi bagged 11 nods on Thursday, including the best picture and director categories.The best picture category for the 85th Academy Awards is highly competitive this year, with nine films fighting for the golden statuette. Life of Pi, the survival story of an Indian boy
28、lost in the ocean with a Bengal tiger, will fight closely with political dramas like Spielbergs Lincoln, Ben Afflecks Argo, and Katheryn Bigelows Zero Dark Thirty, a film about the manhunt for Osama bin Laden. The other films in the race for best picture are David O. Russells comedy Silver Linings P
29、laybook, Tom Hoopers musical Les Miserables, Michael Hanekes Amour, Quentin Tarantinos civil-war set Western Django Unchained and Benh Zeitlins Beasts of the southern Wild.Having directed some famous films, Taiwanese-American film maker Lee, who chose an entirely Indian cast for Pi and shot some sce
30、nes in India, is in the race for the best director trophy(奖杯)with Apielberg, Russell, Haneke and Zeitlin Pi, which starred Delhi-boy Suraj Sharma in the lead and noted actors such as Irrfan Khan, Tabu and Adil Hussain, also gained nominations in categories like cinematography, film editing, original
31、 score, original song, production design, best adapted screenplay, visual effects, sound editing and sound mixing. Daniel Day-Lewis is leading in the best actor category for his widely-praised portrayal of the 16th President Abraham Lincoln in the Reliance-Dream Works produced Lincoln. The film foll
32、ows Lincolns struggle to abolish slavery as the country drifts into a civil war. The other contenders(竞争者) in the best actor category are Bradley Cooper for Silver Linings Playbook (also starring Indian actor Anupam Kher), Denzel Washington for Flight, Joaquin Phoenix for The Master and Hugh Jackman
33、 for Les Miserables.【文章大意】本文介绍了获得第85届奥斯卡最佳影片提名的电影。1. About Ang Lee, which statement is Not correct?A. His Life of Pi shot some scenes in India and has Chinese actorsB. His Life of Pi bagged 11 nominations on Thursday, including the best pictureC. He is a Taiwanese-American film maker, who has direct
34、ed some famous filmsD. His Life of Pi is a survival story of an Indian boy lost in the ocean with a Bengal tiger2. Which of the following film refers to the American Civil war?A. Les Miserables B. Django Unchained C. Zero Dark Thirty D. Argo3. Who starred in the film The Master?A. Denzel Washington
35、B. Daniel Day-Lewis C. Bradley Cooper D. Joaquin Phoenix4. The passage is likely to appear in _.A. a biography B. a newspaper C. a history paper D. a fashion magazine1.解析：A推理判断题。由第一段“Life of Pi bagged 11 nods on Thursday, including the best picture and director categories.”可知选项B正确；由第三段中“Having direc
36、ted some famous films, Taiwanese-American film maker Lee.”可知选项C正确；由第二段中“Life of Pi, the survival story of an Indian boy lost in the ocean with a Bengal tiger.”可知选项D正确。由第三段“who chose an entirely Indian cast for Pi and shot some scenes in India.”中可以判断选项A有误。用排除法从而可选出答案为A项。2. 解析：B细节理解题。由第二段最后一句“Michael
37、Hanekes Amour, Quentin Tarantinos civil-war set Western Django Unchained and Benh Zeitlins Beasts of the southern Wild.”可选出正确答案为选项B。3. 解析：D细节理解题。由最后一段的最后一句“Joaquin Phoenix for The Master and Hugh Jackman for Les Miserables.”可选出正确答案为选项D。4. 解析：B推理判断题。通篇文章所讲述的都是关于The best picture category，the famous di
38、rector categories，the best actor category，由此可以推断出这篇短文应该出自报纸。因此正确答案为B选项。Passage 4 （2014届龙泉中学月考）体裁话题词数难度建议用时应用文使用手机情况3628分钟If you hear the sound of running water the next time you call a co-worker on his or her mobile phone, dont be surprised. Three-fourths of Americans with mobile phones say they use
39、 them in the bathroom, a new study shows.Approximately the same number of men and women have used the phone in the bathroom, according to a survey of 1,000 Americans by 11mark, an integrated marketing agency, although men seem more attached to IT in the toilet: 30 percent of men versus 20 percent of
40、 women agreed with the statement, I dont go to the bathroom without my mobile phone.More than half the surveyed users (63 percent) said they have answered a phone call in the bathroom, and almost half (41 percent) reported initiating a phone call. Thats not all, however. What goes on behind the wall
41、s of the stalls is anything a mobile phone is capable of. Sixty-seven percent said they have read a text, and 39 percent have surfed the Web. Men work more from the bathroom 20 percent said they have participated in work-related calls, versus 13 percent of their female colleagues.As expected, Gen Y
42、respondents are the pacesetters in the mobile everywhere movement, with 91 percent using their phone in the bathroom. Still, older generations are not far behind. Eighty percent of Gen X(1961-1981) reported using the phone in the bathroom, as did 65 percent of Baby Boomers and 47 percent of the Sile
43、nt Generation.While online, they are doing more than just surfing; 16 percent of Gen Y report they have made an online purchase while in the bathroom. Users of iPhones are particularly likely to browse and buy in the bathroom 22 percent have made a purchase, versus 10 percent of Americans with mobil
44、e phones overall.The writing is on the stall, said 11mark principal Nicole Burdette. This study confirms what we all know: that the last private place is no longer private.In the process, high-tech hygiene(卫生) is taking a hit, the survey found. While 92 percent of mobile phone users said they wash t
45、heir hands after using the bathroom, only 14 percent said they wash their phones.1.Which is the best word to replace the underlined word initiating?A. receiving B. experiencing C. ending D. beginning 2.According to his words, Nicole Buedette mainly wants to tell us that .A. no wonder mobile phones a
46、re used in the bathroom B. the bathroom is a private place for peopleC. it makes people have no privacy at all D. more men have used the phone in the bathroom3.What does the last paragraph of the passage imply?A. Using phones in the bathroom has a bad effect on hygieneB. Mobile phones should not be
47、allowed to use in the bathroomC. Most people care about the hygiene after using the bathroomD. Few people wash their phones after using the bathroom4.The attitude of the author to the use of phones in the bathroom is _A. supportive B. disapproval C. subjective(主观的) D. objective(客观的)【文章大意】本文是一篇调查报告。文
48、章讲述了在卫生间使用手机情况的调查结果及作者的态度。1. D解析：词义推测题。根据文章的第三段“More than half the surveyed users (63 percent) said they have answered a phone call in the bathroom, and almost half (41 percent) reported initiating a phone call.”可知，63%的人在浴室接过手机电话，几乎41%的人开始在浴室使用电话。故选D项。2. C解析：推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中Nicole Burdette所说的This study confirms what we all know: that the last private place is no longer private.，可知，最后的私密空间也不再私密了。可推知C正确。3. B解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“