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1、Look at the following sentences:,1. Im afraid that he isnt here right now.3. He told me that he would come tomorrow.4. I wonder if he can help me.5. I didnt understand how they got the books back so quickly.,The Object Clause：宾语从句,一.概念：在复合句中，由句子充当宾语。,二.Structure：,主句 + 连词 + 从句,连词：that, whether, if,连接
2、代词：which, what, who, whose, whom,连接副词：when, how, why,三. 三要素: 时态 语序 连词,一、Tenses （宾语从句的时态与主句的时态保持一致）,如果主句为一般现在时，从句要根据具体情况选择适当的时态。如果主句为一般过去时，从句要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时，过去完成时，过去将来时，过去进行时等。主句为一般过去时，宾语从句表示的是客观真理、自然现象、客观事实时，仍用一般现在时。,1. I know (that) he _ (join) the League in 1985.2. Could you tell me where he _(me
3、nd) his bike at that time?3. I see that they _ (play) football over there now.4. I want to know how long you _(have) this bike.5. I hear that he _(come) tomorrow.,joined,was mending,have had,will come,are playing,6. He told me that he _(have) this bike for three years.7. I wondered if he _(come) tom
4、orrow. 8. I wanted to know what you_(do) now.,were,had had,would come,doing,9.Our teacher told us that light _(go) faster than sound.10. We all knew that the moon _(move) round the sun.11. It was true that there _(be) twelve months in a year.,goes,moves,are,1.Can he do it-?-,He can do it.,2.DoesTom
5、go home by bike?-,Tom goes home by bike.,3.Has he gone to England?-,He has gone to England.,4.Did Joe finish it?,Joe finished it.,二、Word order (语序),调整语序:主前谓后陈述句基本不变疑问句还原为正常语序1)情态动词、be动词及助动词have、has放到从句主语之后；2)助动词do ( does、 did ) 应删去，动词用相应的形式。,确定连词根据原句的类型 that whether / if 连接代词或副词,三.Types:,陈述句,一般疑问句,特
6、殊疑问句,将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句( 1)Where did she park her car? Do you know?Do you know _ _ _ her car?(3)Who knocked at the door so loudly? I dont know.I dont know _ _ at the door so loudly. (4)Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.My teacher told me _ light _ faster than sound(5)Are the chil
7、dren playing games? Tell me.Tell me _ the children _ _ games.,where she parked,who knocked,that travels,if are playing,宾语从句注意事项:,(一)当从句的原句为以下句子以及what, who作主语时，语序不变：Whats wrong? Whats the matter?Whats happening?,eg: I dont know whats the matter. Can you tell me who is over there?,2.用whether不用if的情况: 当
8、与or not连用，或提出两种选择 时: I dont know whether hes free or not. Tell me whether youd like to go shopping or tidy the room,2.If 如果- 主将从现. 是否 据时间状语而定,Eg. I dont know if he _ tomorrow, If he _, Ill go to see him as quickly as possible.will come, will come C.will come, comes comes, comes D.comes, will come.,C
9、,三.含特殊疑问词做连词的宾语从句,转化为简单句: 特殊疑问词+ to do ( 条件: 主从句的主语一致),eg. 1) I dont know what I shall do next. I dont know_ _ _next. 2)John didnt decide which shirt he would buy. John didnt decide_ _ _ _,What to do,Which shirt to buy,He said to me : “Open the door.He _ _ _ open the door.He said to me : “Dont close
10、 the window.He _ _ _ _ close the window.,told me to,asked me not to,四.直接引语中,引号中内容为祈使句,转化为简单句,用ask sb. to do sth./ tell sb.to do sth. 否定祈使句转化为 ask sb. （not） to do sth./ tell sb.（not）to do sth.,时态:1.主句为一般现在时, 从句据具体情况而定.( 据给出的时间状语而定) 2.主句无论为何种时态,从句只要出现客观真理, 从句须用一般现在时. 3.主句为一般过去时,从句用相应的过去时.(据给出的时间状语向前推一
11、位.),语序: 1.从句为陈述语序: 主语在前,谓语在后. 2.连词如果为从句的主语,从句的语序不 变.(who, what )从句为陈述句,从句的语序不变. 3.调整语序:主前谓后疑问句还原为正常语序 1)情态动词、be动词及助动词have,has,had放到从句主语之后； 2)助动词do ( does、 did ) 应 删去,形式变到动词上.,特殊用法: 1. if a. 如果- 主将从一 b. 是否- 据时间状语而定2.含特殊疑问词做连词的宾语从句,转化为简单句: 特殊疑问词+ to do ( 条件: 主从句的主语一致)3.直接引语中,引号中内容为祈使句,转化为简单句,用ask sb.
12、to do sth./ tell sb.to do sth. 否定祈使句转化为 ask sb. not to do sth./ tell sb. not to do sth.,连词:.陈述句 -that 一般疑问句 - if / whether 特殊疑问句 -连接代词或副词 （what ,who, whom ,whose ,where ,when,why,1.The headmaster hopes everything _well.(go)2.He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be)3.The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. (travel)4.I think you _ about the relay race now. (talk)5.The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be) 6.I didnt know whom the letters _from.(be),goes,had been,travels,are talking,will be,were,Thank you!Bye-Bye!,