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1、-1-Section Grammar&Writing 条件状语从句与让步状语从句 阅读下列句子，体会黑体部分的用法 1If you say the word“communication”，most people think of words and sentences.2How can he help when they wont let him.3You wont arrive there on time unless you take a plane.4Even if you were busy，you should take care of your family.5Clever as
2、he is，he doesnt make great efforts in his lesson.6However much I tried，I couldnt work the question out.7He keeps taking physical training in winter no matter how cold it is.8 Although/Though she works very hard，yet(still)she makes very slow progress.一、条件状语从句 条件状语从句是用于表示主句动作发生的前提或条件的从句。通常由下列从-2-属连词和短
3、语来引导：if(如果，假如)，unless(除非)，as(so)long as(只要)，provided/providing(that)(只要)，suppose/supposing(假设)，on condition(that)(如果)，in case(以防)等。Well come over to see you on Wednesday if we have time.如果有空，我们星期三来看你。You can borrow my car as long as you promise not to drive too fast.你可以借用我的车子只要你承诺不开车太快。Ill let you h
4、ave the book on condition that you return it to me next week.我可以把书借给你，条件是你下星期得还给我。Take an umbrella with you in case there is rain this afternoon.随身带着把伞吧，以防今天下午下雨。Suppose/Supposing(that)they refuse us，who else can we turn to for help?假设他们拒绝了我们，我们还能去找谁帮忙呢？名师点津(1)在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，一般过去时代替过去将来时。If
5、he arrives tomorrow，I will be waiting for him at the airport.如果他明天到，我将在机场等他。(2)unless 引导条件状语从句时，要注意这个连词自身在意义上是否定的：unlessif.not.，意为“除非，如果不”。I will not go to their party unless I am invited.(I will not go to their party if I am not invited.)假如他们不邀请我，我不会去参加他们的聚会。二、让步状语从句 让步状语从句表示前后句之间为让步关系。让步状语从句常由以下从属
6、连词引导：though，although，as，even if/even though(即使)，疑问词ever/no matter疑问词(无论)等。1though，although，as，while 引导的让步状语从句 这些词引导让步状语从句时，意为“虽然，尽管”，although 较为正式。Although/Though he failed many times，(still)he kept on trying.-3-尽管失败了很多次，他还是继续尝试。While I like the color，I dont like the shape.尽管我喜欢它的颜色，但不喜欢它的形状。名师点津(1)
7、though 和 although 引导的让步状语从句可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，不与 but 连用，但可与表示转折的 yet，still 连用。(2)though 引导的从句可以倒装，也可以不倒装，但 as 引导的从句一定要倒装，而 although 引导的从句不倒装。倒装形式为“形容词/副词/名词(不加冠词)/动词原形 though/as主语谓语”，即将形容词、副词、分词、名词、动词原形置于句首。Tired as/though he was，he continued working in the field.尽管他很累，他还继续在田里工作。Child as/though he was
8、，he had a good command of English.尽管他是个孩子，但他精通英语。Hard as/though I tried to explain，he still didnt understand.尽管我尽力向他解释，他仍然不懂。Try as he might，he couldnt solve the problem.尽管他很努力，但还是无法解决这个问题。(3)though 则可以当副词用，但 although 不可当副词用。(4)while 引导让步状语从句时，一般位于主句之前。2even if，even though 引导的让步状语从句 even if，even tho
9、ugh 引导让步状语从句时，意为“即使”。Even if/though you fail，you will gain experience.即使你失败了，你也会得到一些经验的。3“特殊疑问词ever”和“no matter特殊疑问词”引导的让步状语从句“no matter疑问词”或“疑问词ever”所引导的让步状语从句均表示“无论；不管”，可以互换。No matter what/Whatever happened，he would not mind.无论发生什么，他都不会介意的。Your mother will wait for you however/no matter how late i
10、t is.-4-不管多晚你妈妈都会等着你。名师点津(1)“no matter疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句，而“疑问词ever”还可以引导名词性从句。Whatever(No matter what)you say，I wont believe you.(whatever 引导让步状语从句)Ill eat whatever(no matter what)you give me.(whatever 引导宾语从句)(2)however 后要紧跟形容词或副词。4whether.or.引导的让步状语从句 whetheror引导让步状语从句时，表示“不论是否；不管是还是”之意。Whether the w
11、eather is good or bad，they will set off as planned.不管天气是好还是坏，他们都要按计划启程。.单句语法填空 1He wont lose weight _ he keeps a diet.2Young _ he is，he has been to many countries.3He is always on time for school _ it rains _ snows.4_ you had come a few minutes earlier，you would have met him.5_ he works hard，he make
12、s little progress.6_ you say，it is no use now.7_ hard the condition is，you must work harder.8_ the forest park is far away，a lot of tourists visit it every year.9.One can always manage to do more things，no matter _ full ones schedule is in life.10_ I admit that there are problems，I dont agree that t
13、hey cannot be solved.【导学号：98180017】【答案】1.unless 2.though/as 3.whether；or 4If 5.Though/Although6.No matter what/Whatever7.However8.Even-5-though/if9.how 10While/Although/Though.单句改错 1She says that shell have to close the shop if business improves._ 2I will go，if you come with me or stay at home._ 3Wo
14、uld you like to go fishing with me tomorrow?Provide that you give me a lift in your car._ 4.Go there by bus instead of by bike in case of it rains._ 5Child although he is，he can tell black from white._【答案】1.ifunless2.ifwhether3.ProvideProvided/Providing4.去掉第二个 of5.althoughas/though 写邀请函及其回复 邀请信属于应用文
15、，主要用来邀请某人参加宴会、庆祝活动或会议等。邀请信可分为正式的邀请信(请柬)和非正式的邀请信两种。1英语邀请函一般应该包括以下内容：(1)诚挚邀请对方参加某一活动；(2)概况介绍活动的内容和安排；(3)再次表示诚意。2收到邀请函写回函表示接受邀请应包括以下内容：(1)感谢；(2)表示确定会赴邀。3拒绝邀请应包括以下内容：(1)收到邀请；(2)表示感谢；(3)阐述不能赴邀的原因；(4)表示遗憾和良好的祝愿。亮点句式 1邀请函常用句式 Im writing to invite you to.I wonder if you can come.It is my pleasure for me to
16、invite you to.-6-My family and I would feel much honored if you could come.We are looking forward to your coming with great pleasure.I hope youre not too busy to come.Please confirm your participation at your earliest convenience.I am longing to see you soon.2接受邀请常用句式 Thank you for your invitation t
17、o.We are delighted to accept.It is with great pleasure.We are sincerely happy to join you.3拒绝邀请常用句式 I shall have to say no to your kind invitation to.Very regretfully.Because of.，we find we cannot.写作任务 假如你是 Robert，曾经在某中学教英语，最近收到该校你曾经的同事王林的来信，邀请你参加学校 2017 年国庆节期间举行的 60 周年校庆。请你根据下面的邀请函，给王林写一封回复，表示接受邀请。
18、注意：词数 100 左右。Dear Robert，Im Wang Lin，one of your colleagues(同事)three years ago.How time flies!Since you left，great changes have taken place in our school.We miss you very much!Id really like to invite you to attend the 60th anniversary(周年纪念日)of our school on October 2,2017.A lot of wonderful activit
19、ies will be held to celebrate the schools founding birthday on that day.There will be an exhibition to show the long history of our school and its great achievements.Many performances will be put on by the students to thank the school and the teachers.Im sure that you will enjoy yourself here.I hope
20、 that you will accept our invitation.Looking forward to seeing you in our school soon.-7-Yours，Wang Lin 注意：词数 100 左右。审题谋篇 项目 结论 体裁 应用文 话题 邀请信件 时态 以现在时态和将来时态为主 人称 第一人称为主 遣词造句.词汇 1因而感谢某人_ 2发生_ 3为做好准备_ 4及时到达_ 5盼望_【答案】1.thank sb.for sth.2.take place3.be well prepared for4.arrive in time5.look forward to
21、.句式 1 I feel honored to attend the 60th anniversary of my old school.(用形式主语改写句子)_ _ 2I hope to meet old friends and know new friends.(用高级词汇分别替代 hope和 know 改写句子)_ _【答案】1.It will be a great honor for me to attend the 60th anniversary of my old school.2Im expecting to meet old friends and get to know n
22、ew ones.-8-妙笔成篇 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _【参考范文】Dear Wang Lin，Thank you very much for your invitation.It will be a great honor for me to attend the 60th anniversary of my old school.Im glad to learn from your letter that great changes have taken place in the school.Im expecting to meet old friends and get to
23、 know new ones.I miss all of you very much，too!I will be well prepared for it and arrive in time.Im sure all the activities and performances that day will be amazing.And I believe that my old school will have a bright future.Im looking forward to that day.Yours，Robert 学业分层测评学业分层测评.完成句子 1如果不下雨，比赛将继续。
24、_，the game will be played.2.带把伞以防下雨。Take your umbrella _.3.尽管我不得不承认他的书很振奋人心，但我并不是真的喜欢这位作家。I dont really like the author，_ his books are very exciting.4.尽管他是个孩子，但他知道如何去做。-9-_ he was，he knew what was the right thing to do.5不管你信不信，这终归是事实。_ you believe it _，it is true.【答案】1.Unless it rains2.in case it r
25、ains 3although I have to admit4.Child as/though 5Whether；or not.阅读理解 A For as long as humans have lived on the earth，they have made use of various forms of communication.Generally，this expression of thoughts and feelings has been in the form of oral speech.When there is a spoken language problem，com
26、munication can be carried out through sign language，in which gestures stand for letters，words，and ideas.Tourists and people unable to hear or speak have often had to turn to this form of expression.When gestures describe words or ideas，they can often be used internationally.When used for spelling wo
27、rds however，where each gesture stands for a single letter，people must share the same written language.Body language sends ideas or thoughts by certain actions，either meaningfully or not.A wink(眨眼)can be a way of showing that the person is only joking.A nod means agreement，while shaking head indicate
28、s disagreement.Other forms of language can be found in Braille(a reading system of raised dots read with the fingertips used by the blind)，signal flags，Morse code，and smoke signals.Road maps and picture signs also guide and warn people.While language is the most common form of communication，other sy
29、stems and techniques also express human thoughts and feelings.【语篇解读】自从有人类以来，人们就用各种方式交流。一般来讲，人们的交流方式不外乎三种：口头语、书面语和身势语，但还有其他的交流方式。1.What does the author mainly want to say?APeople can communicate in many different ways.BEverybody uses only one form of communication.CLanguage is invaluable to foreigner
30、s.-10-DNonspoken communication is of little value.【解析】文章主要是讲人们采用各种各样的方式去交流。【答案】A 2.According to the text，which part of the body can be used to show you are joking?AFingers.BEyes.CHead.DFeet.【解析】由文章第二段的“A wink(眨眼)can be a way of showing that the person is only joking.”可知。【答案】B 3 What CANT be effectiv
31、ely communicated by sign language when people belong to different language groups?ASpelling.BIdea.CWhole words.DExpressions.【解析】从文章内容判断，只有 spelling(拼写)不能用身势语进行有效的表达。【答案】A 4.How m any different forms of communication are mentioned in the text?AThree.BFive.CSix.DNine.【解析】文章共叙述了九种交流方式，它们是：the form of o
32、ral speech，sign language，written language，Braille，signal flags，Morse code，smoke signals，road maps and picture signs。【答案】D B Body language is the quietest，most secret and powerful language of all!It is said that our body movements communicate about 50 percent of what we really mean while words only e
33、xpress 7 percent.So，while your mouth is closed，your body is just saying.Arms.How you hold your arms shows how open and receptive you are to people you meet.If you keep your arms to the sides of your body or behind your back，this-11-suggests you are not afraid of taking on whatever comes your way.Out
34、going people generally use their arms with big movements，while quieter people keep them close to their bodies.If someone upsets you，just cross your arms to show youre unhappy!Head.When you want to appear confident，keep your head level.If you are a monitor in class，you can also take on this position
35、when you want your words to be taken seriously.However，to be friendly in listening or speaking，you must move your head a little.Legs.Your legs tend to move around a lot more than normal when you are nervous or telling lies.If you are at interviews，try to keep them still!Posture(姿势)A good posture mak
36、es you feel better about yourself.If you are feeling down，you normally dont sit straight，with your shoulders inwards.This makes breathing more difficult，which can make you feel nervous or uncomfortable.Mouth.When you are thinking，you often purse your lips.You might also use this position to hold bac
37、k an angry comment you dont wish to show.However，it will probably still be noticed，and people will know youre not pleased.Face.When you lie，you might put on a false face.But that expression would crack briefly，allowing displays of true emotions such as happiness，sadness，disgust(厌恶)and fear to come t
38、hrough.【语篇解读】本文重点讲述了几种身势语所代表的意思，一个小小的动作会暴露你的内心思想。5When someone is keeping his arms behind his back，he tries to tell you that_.Ahe is outgoing Bhe is angry Che is not afraid Dhe is cool【解析】根据第二段中的“If you keep your arms to the sides of your body or behind your back，this suggests you are not afraid of
39、taking on whatever comes your way.”可知当你把手放在背后时，表明你不害怕。故选 C。【答案】C 6If you want to appear confident，you should_.Amove your arms a lot-12-Bkeep your head level Cmove your head a little Dcross your arms【解析】根据第三段中的“When you want to appear confident，keep your head level.”可知如果你想表现出自信就昂起头。故选 B。【答案】B 7.What
40、can we infer from the passage?ADifferent people in different countries must have the same understanding of the same body movement.BBody language expresses more meanings than words do in communication.CWe can not communicate with others without words.DIts not polite to use body language in formal com
41、munication.【解析】根据第一段第二句“It is said that our body movements communicate about 50 percent of what we really mean while words only express 7 percent.”可知在交际中身势语会比语言表达更多的意思。故选 B。【答案】B 8.Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?ABody language，the most commonly used language BArms tell m
42、ore than legs CFacial expressions tell the truth DOne simple movement lets slip secrets of your mind【解析】通过全文可知一个小小的动作有可能就会暴露你的内心思想。故选 D。【答案】D.语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。In order to know a foreign language thoroughly，four things are necessary.1._(first)，we must understand the language
43、when we hear it 2._(speak)Secondly，we must be able to speak it ourselves correctly with 3._(confident)and without hesitation.Thirdly，we must be able to read the-13-language，and fourthly，we must be able to write it.We must be able to make sentences that are grammatically correct.There is no easy way
44、to success in language learning.A good memory is 4._ great help，but it is not enough only 5._(memorize)rules from a grammar book.It is no much use 6._(learn)by heart long lists of words and their meanings，studying the dictionary and so on.We must learn by using the language.If we are 7._(satisfy)wit
45、h only a few rules we have memorized，we are not really learning the language.“Learn through use”is a good piece of advice for those 8._ are studying a new language.Practice is important.We must practice 9._(speak)and writing the language 10._ we can.【答案】1.Firstly2.spoken3.confidence4.a 5to memorize6
46、.learning7.satisfied8.who/that9.speaking10.whenever.短文改错 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。I am Li Hua，a Chinese student who is studied
47、in Britain.I am writing to express my sincere appreciation to Mary，the nurse in your hospital.I had to stay in your hospital because of a traffic accident what happened last weekend.Since I have no family or friends here，I was complete sad and lonely.To my great joy，Mary took well care of me.She tal
48、ked to me in every day and encouraged me to be strong and positive.Thanks her professional help and care，I recovered quickly.There，I feel much more comfortable even if I had been at home.I believe that I truly deserves praise for her kindness and professional care.【答案】-14-I am Li Hua，a Chinese stude
49、nt who is studied studying in Britain.I am writing to express my sincere appreciation to Mary，the a nurse in your hospital.I had to stay in your hospital because of a traffic accident what that/which happened last weekend.Since I have no family or friends here，I was complete completely sad and lonel
50、y.To my great joy，Mary took well good care of me.She talked to me in every day and encouraged me to be strong and positive.Thanks to her professional help and care，I recovered quickly.There，I feel felt much more comfortable even as if I had been at home.I believe that I she truly deserves praise for