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1、- 1 - Section Grammar & Writing 情态动词have done 阅读下列句子，体会黑体部分的用法 1But in China，the idea of the dragon may have come from the alligator. 2You might have given your parents more help earlier. 3He cant have forgotten it，for he talked about it yesterday. 4You ought to/should have done the job more careful
2、ly. 5You oughtnt to/shouldnt have asked such a foolish question. 情态动词是高中英语语法的一个重要部分，而“情态动词have done”结构则是对此知识点考查的一个重点和难点。该结构一般有两个主要用法：一是表示对过去发生的动作或状态的推测，二是表示对过去发生的动作的遗憾或责备。 一、对过去的推测 1must have done 表示对过去发生的事情的肯定推测，意为“一定做过” ，只用于肯定句中。 It must have rained last night，for the road is quite muddy. 昨晚一定下雨了，
3、因为路面很泥泞。 2can/could have done 表示对过去发生事情的推测，常用于否定句，意为“不可能做过某事”和疑问句，意为“可能做过吗？” Mr.Smith cant have gone to Beijing，for I saw him in the library just now. 史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。 There is nowhere to find them.Where can they have gone? 到处找不到他们，他们可能到什么地方去呢？ 3 may/might have done 表示对过去发生的事情的推测， 意为 “可能已经(
4、没有)做过某事” ，常用于肯定句和否定句。might 的可能性比 may 的还要小。 John isnt at home.I think he may/might have gone to school. - 2 - 约翰不在家，我想他可能去上学了吧。 二、对过去情况的后悔、遗憾或责备 1could have done 用于肯定句，表示“本来能够做某事而没有做” 。 He could have passed the 2016 Entrance Examination to the College，but he was too careless. 本来他能够通过 2016 年高考，但是他太粗心。
5、 2should have done 表示“本来应该做，而实际没做” 。 I really regret wasting the hours when I should have studied hard， but it is too late. 我真的很后悔该努力学习的时候浪费了太多时间，但现在太晚了。 3shouldnt have done 表示“本来不应该做，而实际做了” 。 Look，Tom is crying.I shouldnt have been so strict with him. 看，汤姆哭了，我本来不应该对他如此严厉。 4neednt have done 表示“本来不需要
6、做而做了” 。 Its only five minutes walk.We neednt have taken a taxi. 只有五分钟的步行路程，我们本不必乘出租车的。 .单句语法填空 1Jerry _ have come back because the window is open. Yes，but he _ have left it open this morning. 2Mummy，I climbed to get the teddy bear from the top of the shelf. My goodness！You _(hurt)yourself.You mustnt
7、 do that next time! 3Im sorry.I _(shout)at you the other day. Forget it.I was a bit out of control myself. 4Yesterday I found the pen I thought I had lost，I _(buy)a new one. 5Thats really bad.You _(catch)the bus if you had been in a hurry. 6Mr.White _(arrive)at 8：30 am.for the meeting，but he didnt s
8、how up. 7Was it you that made the suggestion? It _have been.I cant remember. 8_Tom have come to visit us when we were in Qingdao? - 3 - No，he couldnt have come，because he has been on business in Dalian. 9I saw her in the office this morning.She _(come)back to work without the doctors permission. 10Y
9、ou _ have performed better，but you were too casual. 【导学号：98180032】 【答案】1.must；might2.might have hurt 3shouldnt have shouted4.neednt have bought 5could have caught6.should have arrived 7may/might8.Could9.shouldnt have come10.could .单句改错 1. Jackson mustnt be a policeman，for hes much too short. _ 2. He
10、 should have completed his work； otherwise， he wouldnt be enjoying himself by the seaside. _ 3The weather turned out to be fine yesterday.I neednt have take the trouble to carry my umbrella with me. _ 4. You couldnt have woken me up；I dont have to go to work today. _ 5We must have studied last night
11、，but we went to the concert instead. _ 【答案】1.mustntcant2.should must 3taketaken4.couldntneednt 5mustshould 描写大自然的神秘现象 1介绍关于大自然的神秘现象的文章的一般包括如下内容：首先，简述神秘现象(什么样的神秘现象，何时何地发现的，科学家对此的解释，证据)； 其次，各- 4 - 界不同的看法；最后，简单说出作者个人对此现象的认识。 2时态以过去时态为主，常使用一般过去时、过去进行时等。 3人称以第一人称和第三人称为主。 亮点句式 1I can well remember an inci
12、dent that happened on. 2I was on my way to.when I saw. 3I was about to do.when. 4So excited was I that I couldnt help doing. 5Looking at it in surprise，I felt. 6There have been stories of.since. 7Some people saw it in.for the first time. 8In my view，first of all，.leaves me a deep impression. 9Some p
13、eople believe in its existence，because. 10By recent research，we can learn that. 写作任务 假如你是李华，请你根据以下内容，给报社写一封 100 词左右的信，向报社讲述你在 2016 年夏天遭遇外星人的情况。 文章开头和结尾已给出， 不计入总词数。 1下晚自习后，在回家路上看见三角形不明飞行物； 2从飞行物中走出外星人向你问路； 3你给他指明方向，并友好告别。 参考词汇：小巷 alley三角形 triangle外星人 alien 审题谋篇 项目 结论 体裁 记叙文 话题 描述外星人 时态 一般过去时 人称 第三人称为
14、主，第一人称为辅 遣词造句 - 5 - .词汇 1发生_ 2出现_ 3弄清楚_ 4看上去像_ 5向某人道别_ 【答案】1.take place/happen/occur2.appear/turn up/show up3.find out4.look like5.say goodbye to sb. .句式 1 I was riding through a small dark alley after evening class， and suddenly a strong light shone me.(用 when 作并列连词改写句子) _ 2Then I found out that it
15、 was a triangle flying machine and I was sure I had never seen before.(用定语从句改写句子) _ 3 I didnt realize what happened until a small yellow creature with three eyes came out. (用倒装句式改写句子) _ 【答案】1.I was riding through a small dark alley after evening class when a strong light shone me. 2Then I found out
16、that it was a triangle flying machine which I was sure I had never seen before. 3 Not until a small yellow creature with three eyes came out did I realize what had happened. 妙笔成篇 Dear editor， I want to tell you a strange thing. _ _ _ - 6 - _ _ _ _ Yours Sincerely， Li Hua 【参考范文】 Dear_editor， I_want_t
17、o_tell_you_a_strange_thing.It was cloudy that evening.I was riding through a small dark alley after evening class when a strong light shone me.I tried to see it clearly.Then I found out that it was a triangle flying machine which I was sure I had never seen before.Not until a small yellow creature w
18、ith three eyes came out did I realize what had happened.The creature looked like the alien in the famous movie ET.I was not able to say a word.“Is it an alien？” I asked myself.Then the creature asked me how to get to the biology museum.I cant remember what I said to him，but I remember that he smiled
19、 at me，saying goodbye to me politely. Do you believe me? I cant believe my eyes and ears， either.It may sound amazing，but it did happen that evening.Perhaps，with the development of science it will become obvious whether aliens exist in the world. YoursSincerely， Li Hua 学业分层测评学业分层测评 .完成句子 1这个问题我们本来是可
20、以更合理地解决的。 We _ the problem in a more reasonable fashion. 2我很久没见他了，他一定很忙。 I have not seen him for quite a long time.He _ very busy. 3她迟到了，她可能没赶上车。 She is late.She _ the bus. 4还有很多时间，她没必要如此匆忙。 There was plenty of time.She _. - 7 - 5灯还亮着，所以他不可能出去了。 The light in his room is still on，so he _. 【 答 案 】 1.c
21、ould have solved 2.must have been 3.may have missed4.neednt have hurried 5cant have gone out .阅读理解 A Unlike modern animal scientists， dinosaur scientists cannot sit on a hillside and use telescopes to watch dinosaurs in order to know how they lived and whether they were good parents.Instead ， they h
22、ave to search hard for information from dinosaurs fossils(恐龙化石)because dinosaurs died out millions of years ago. Its very difficult for the scientists to reach an agreement because different results can be got from the same fossils.Many fossils of the same kind of dinosaurs have been dug out from on
23、e place.They might have formed when an entire group of dinosaurs got stuck(陷入)all at once， or they might have been the result of dinosaurs getting stuck one after another over a course of a few centuries.Thus we can say that dinosaurs might have in the first case lived in big groups and in the secon
24、d lived alone. Though there are two different results，dinosaur scientists now generally agree that at least some kinds of dinosaurs lived in big groups.“Thats pretty much settled at this point.” says Paul Sereno.A kind of dinosaurs called Sauropods left behind tracks in the western United States tha
25、t appear to run north and south，suggesting that they even moved long distances together. As to whether dinosaurs cared for their young，dinosaur scientists have turned to the closest living relatives of dinosaursbirds and crocodilesfor possible models.Birds give a lot of care to their young，while cro
26、codiles just help their young to the water.The discovered fossils of dinosaurs sitting on their eggs and staying with their young suggest the parents were taking care of their babies，but we still cannot say that all dinosaurs did the same. There is still a long way to go before the above questions c
27、ould be answered.Dinosaur scientists will have to find more proof to reach an agreement. 【语篇解读】研究恐龙的科学家通过研究恐龙化石来得到一些关于恐龙的信息。但对于同一个化石却有不同的研究结果。在研究恐龙是否能照看好幼崽方- 8 - 面，科学家们研究了恐龙的近亲鸟类和鳄鱼，但没有完全解答这些问题。 1. Dinosaur scientists can get information directly by_. Astudying dinosaur fossils Bexamining modern ani
28、mals Cwatching dinosaurs Dusing telescopes 【解析】根据第一段中“they have to search hard for information from dinosaurs fossils(恐龙化石)”可知研究恐龙的科学家通过研究恐龙化石来得到一些信息，故 A 项正确。 【答案】A 2. What is pretty much settled according to Paul Sereno? AHalf of the dinosaurs lived alone. BMost dinosaurs moved long distances. CMan
29、y dinosaurs settled in the north. DSome dinosaurs lived in big groups. 【解析】根据第三段“dinosaur scientists now generally agree that at least some kinds of dinosaurs lived in big groups.”可知 Paul Sereno 说科学家们都认为至少某些种类的恐龙群居，故 D 项正确。 【答案】D 3Dinosaur scientists can probably know whether dinosaurs were good par
30、ents by_. Awatching many kinds of animals Bstudying dinosaursliving relatives Cfollowing the tracks left behind Dworking on dugout dinosaur eggs 【解析】根据第四段“dinosaur scientists have turned to the closest living relatives of dinosaursbirds and crocodilesfor possible models.”可知科学家们通过研究现存的恐龙的近亲鸟类和鳄鱼来判断恐龙
31、是否能照看好他们的幼崽。 【答案】B 4Which of the following is TRUE according to the 4th paragraph? - 9 - ABirds hardly pay attention to their young. BBaby crocodiles can look after themselves well. CSome dinosaurs took care of their young. DBirds and crocodiles take good care of their young. 【解析】根据第四段中可知鸟类很好地照顾幼鸟，而
32、鳄鱼只是帮助幼崽进入水里，并没有很好地照顾幼崽。化石表明一些恐龙照顾幼崽，但并不能说所有的恐龙都是如此，因此 C 项符合题意。 【答案】C B A famous doctor once received a little child who was badly ill.Thanks to his skill and care，his young patient got well and was soon able to get up and run about again. The childs mother was very much obliged to the doctor，and sh
33、e called on him to thank him for what he had done for her child.“Doctor，” she said，“you have saved my little son.I dont know how to thank you enough.I feel that money alone cannot repay you，so I have made this little purse with my own hands，as a sign of my gratitude.I hope you will accept it.” The d
34、octor stood up and said coldly，“Madam，a little present like that is very nice between friends，but a doctor needs to be paid properly for what he has done.” The lady was so surprised and hurt so much that she could not reply for a moment.Then she said quietly，“Perhaps you will tell me how much your f
35、ee is？” “Fifty pounds，” he answered. The lady opened the little purse and took out four fiftypound bank notes.She handed one of them to the doctor， and put the other three back into the purse.She put the purse into her handbag and，saying goodbye to the doctor，went out of the room. 【语篇解读】 一位医生救活了一位女士
36、的儿子，女士为了表示感激，亲手缝制了一个钱包，医生却嫌礼轻而拒绝了，殊不知里面装的是 4 张面值为五十英镑的钞票。 5The lady was thankful to the doctor because _. Ahe had saved her life Bhe had saved her sons life - 10 - Che had lent her some money Dhe often called on her 【解析】根据第一段 “his young patient got well and was soon able to get up and run about agai
37、n” 可知答案为 B。 【答案】B 6The doctor refused the ladys purse because he thought _. Athe purse should be given between friends Bthe purse was too small Cthe lady was not kind to him Dthe lady just gave him that purse and wouldnt give him the medical fee 【解析】根据第二段 “a little present like that is very nice bet
38、ween friends， but a doctor needs to be paid properly for what he has done” 可知答案为 D。 【答案】D 7The money in the purse _. Awas only 150 pounds Bwas less than 200 pounds Cwas much more than the medical fee Dwas not enough for the medical fee 【解析】根据最后一段可知医生要的医疗费是 50 英镑，而女士送的钱包里装的却是 4 张面值为五十英镑的钞票，由此可判断出此题答案
39、为 C。 【答案】C 8How do you think the doctor would feel in the end? ASorry and worried. BRegret and proud. CExcited and proud. DSorry and regret. 【解析】通读全文知，医生会因为误会了这位女士而感到 sorry(抱歉)也会因为没有得到其他 3 张钞票感到 regret(遗憾)，所以此题答案为 D。 【答案】D .语法填空 【导学号：98180049】 - 11 - 阅读下面材料， 在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 One Sunday
40、 morning in August I went to a local music festival.I left early because I had an appointment 1._(late)that day.My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me 2._ the bus arrived.I got on the bus and found a seat near the back ，and then I noticed a man 3._(sit)at the front.He 4._(pretend)th
41、at a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.He must be 5._(mental)disabled.Behind him were other people to 6._ he was trying to talk ， but after some minutes they walked away and sat near me ，7._(look)annoyed.I didnt want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didnt like leaving him 8._ his own
42、 either.After a while I 9._(rise)from my seat and walked to the front of the bus.I sat next to the man and introduced myself.We had an 10._ (amaze)conversation.He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home.Im glad I made the choice.It made both of us feel good. 【答案】1.la
43、ter2.till/until3.sitting/sit4.was pretending5.mentally6.whom7.looking 8on9.rose10.amazing .短文改错 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加： 在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除： 把多余的词用斜线()划掉。 修改： 在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意： 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不
44、计分。 Dear Jim， I am so exciting that you will come to China.I will free from December 18 and will have a plenty of time to be together with you.Ill meet you at the airport and then you will take Bus No.8 for my home.You worry about the weather here in your email.In fact，the weather here is quite diff
45、erent from it in your city.It isnt very cold，but you neednt bring many clothes with you.During your stay here，Ill take you to some places of interests and you can taste some local snacks.I am sure we will have greatly fun - 12 - together. Looking forward to meeting you soon. John 【答案】 Dear Jim， I am
46、 so exciting excited that you will come to China.I will be free from December 18 and will have a plenty of time to be together with you.Ill meet you at the airport and then you we take Bus No.8 for to my home.You worry worried about the weather here in your email.In fact，the weather here is quite different from it that in your city.It isnt very cold， but so/and you neednt bring many clothes with you.During your stay here，Ill take you to some places of interests interest and you can taste some local snacks.Im sure we will have greatly great fun together. Looking forward to meeting you soon.