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1、Unit4Earthquakes-Grammar学案theattributiveclauses定语从句I. Sentencestranslation(EnglishintoChinese)1. Buttheonemillionpeopleofthecity,whothoughtlittleoftheseevents,wereasleepasusualthatnight.(Line8)2. ItwasfeltinBeijing,whichismorethantwohundredkilometersaway.(Line11)3. Ahugecrackthatwaseightkilometerslo
2、ngandthirtymeterswidecutacrosshouses,roadsandcanals.(Line13)4. Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorinjuredreachedmorethan400,000.(Line16)5. Then,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakewhichwasalmostasstrongasthefirstoneshookTangshan.(Line24)6. Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.
3、(Line32)7. Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.(Line35)8. ThepowerfulearthquakeofTangshanhappenedinthecityofTangshan,Hebei ProvinceonJuly28th,1976,whichcausedmorethan240,000deathsandthewholecitywasdestroyed.(BestEnglishP35)9. However,theycanwarnpeoplewholiveintheseareasbypredi
4、ction,inadvancetotakeprecautionsagainstsuchdisasters.(BestEnglishP35)II. Summaryoftherulesoftheattributiveclauses1.关系代词/副词关系代词/副词在从句中的因素所指代的先行词例句who/whom主语/宾语可省指人Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.Thisistheboy(whom/who)yousawyesterday.which主语/宾语可省指物/事Athingwhichwasbittertoenduremaybesweettoremember.that主语/宾语
5、可省指物/事ThepandathatischosenDragonWarriorisbigandfat.指人Theythatknownothingfearnothing.whose定语某的指人Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.指物/事Thebookwhosecoverisblueismine.when时辰状语时辰Illneverforgetthedaywhentheearthquakehappened.where地点状语地点Thisistheplacewherewefirstmet.why缘故状语缘故Therea
6、sonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedthebus.2只用that不用which的情况抢先行词是1不定代词all,everything,anything,nothing,something,much,little,few,none,theone等时e.g.Youcantakeanyseatthatisfree.Weshoulddoallthatisusefultothepeople.2被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等修饰时；e.g.Itistheonlythingthatwecando.3是或被序数词thefirst/second/thi
7、rd所修饰时；e.g.ThisisthefirstplacethatIwanttovisit.4被描绘词最后级所修饰时；e.g.ThisisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread.5同时指人跟事/物时；e.g.Wetalkedaboutthethingsandpersonsthatwewereinterestedin.6主句以therebe开头时e.g.ThereisthematterthatIcando.3只用which不用that的情况1介词后2逗号后，即非限度性定语从句中3句中已经有that的时候e.g.Thatwhichisevilissoonl
8、earnt.学坏随便。4whose=the+名词+of+which/whom指“某人/物的when=at/in/on等介词+whichwhere=at/in/on/from/to等介词+whichwhy=介词for+whichIII. Englishproverbs1.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。2.Thosewholiveinglasshousesshouldnotthrowstones.家居玻璃房，切忌乱扔石。自己出缺陷，勿揭不人短。3.WheninRomedoastheRomansdo.入乡随俗4.HewhodoesnotreachtheG
9、reatWallisnotatrueman.不到长城非好汉。5.Hewhohasalazyhandhasanemptymouth.手勤饿肚皮。6.Hethatloseshishonestyhasnothing失失落诚实就失失落了一切7.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.自助者天助。8.Hewhodoesnotadvancelosesground.(=anyonewhodoesnotadvancelosesground.)不进那么退，不进那么退。9.HewholaughsonFridaywillweeponSunday.乐极必生悲。10.Theywhocannotdo
10、astheywouldmustdoastheycan.事不由己，也需努力。IV. Translation(ChineseintoEnglish)我们谁人单元深造的课文是关于地震的。地震前几多天，会发生一些惊疑的现象，如变得失落常的abnormal水井、动物、气候等。接着，一场突发其来却大年夜概使世界到了末日的大年夜地震仅接着十几多秒。这场大年夜灾祸使人们安静生活了多年的都市顷刻间成了一片废墟。幸而，救援人员及时赶到，挖出受困的人们，并为那些故乡被毁的幸存者搭建避难所。慢慢地，这座都市又出现了生机。定语从句练习一、选择题1.Doyouknowthegirl_istalkingwithyourmo
11、ther?A.whoB.whichC.whoseD./2.Thisisthekite_BillyFishergavetoTomA.whoB.whichC./D.BothBandC3.Hewastheonlyone_wassavedintheearthquake.A.whoB.thatC.whichD.AandB4.Thisistheonlypresent_Ilike.A.whoB.thatC.whichD.BandC5.Thisisthemostbeautifulplace_Ihaveeverseen.A.whichB.whoC.whereD./6.All_Icandoistogivehims
12、omemoney.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what7.Isthereanythingelse_youneed?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what8.Themuseum_wevisitedlastweekisntfarfromhere.A.whereB.whichC.whatD.who9.Whereisthescientist_gaveusthetalkyesterday?A.whichB.whoC.whatD./10.Mostofthepeople_losttheirlivesintheearthquakeareSichuannatives.A.whenB.who
13、C.howD.which11.Doyouthinkmoststudentsprefertests_haveeasyquestions?A.whoB.whereC.whenD.that12.Mymumprefersmusic_quietandgentle.A.thatareB.thatisC.whichhasD.whoseis13.Theboy_yousawjustnowisTomsbrother.A.whichB.whoseC.whenD./14.Thebikeanditsrider_hadrunoveranoldwomanwerehelpedupbythepoliceman.A.whichB
14、.thatC.itD.whom15.Shewasbecomingfat,_botheredherverymuch.A.whichB.thatC.itD.ofwhom16.TheAmazon(亚马逊河),_liesintheAndes(安第斯山脉)istheworldslongestriver.A.itssourceB.whichsourceC.whosesourceD.thesourceofit17.Thereason_Icantcomeis_Ihavetoworklate.A.for,whyB.why,becauseC.because,thatD.why,that18.Whoisthatma
15、n_istellingthechildrenastory?A.whoB.whomC.thatD.whoever19.ShetellsusthatLaoWangisaperson_wecanlearnalot.A.whomB.thatC.fromwhomD.aboutwhom20.Isthisthefactory_youworkedfiveyearsago?A.inwhichB.inwhereC.inthatD.that二、用适当的关系代词填空1.Doyoulikethepresent_Iboughtyouyesterday?2.Thestorybook_waswrittenbyhisuncle
16、isquiteinteresting.3.Theboy_computerdoesntworkwellneedsyourhelp.4.Thisisthebestmovie_wehaveseenthisyear.5.Thedoctor_wemetinthestreetisfromAmerica.6.Thepassengersandthesuitcases_wereinthewaitingroomhadtowaitforanotherplane.7.Whoisthegirl_youwanttomakefriendswith?8.Thisisthelastlesson_Mr.Smithtaughtus
17、.9.I,_amyourfriend,willhelpyouout.10. Thebuilding_walliswhiteismyuncleshouse.11. Theboy_Johnspokewithismybrother.12. Willyoupleaselendmetheverypicture_youboughtyesterday?13. Thestudents_theteacherpraisedattheclassmeetingisourmonitor.14. Theseason_comesafterspringissummer.15. Thisisthefirstmuseum_wev
18、isitedlastSaturday.16. Thegirl_legwasbrokenintheearthquakewastakentothehospital.17. Ifoundsomephotosofinterestingplaces_werenotfarawayfromourcity.18. Thereisaboydownstairs_wanttoseeyou.19. Theriver_banksarecoveredwithtreesisverylong.20. ImgoingtomeetTom_theysayisagoodboy.Key:一、1-5ADDBD6-10ABBBB11-15DBDBA16-20CDCCA二、1.that/which/不填2.that/which3.whose4.that/不填5.whom/who/that/不填6.that7.that/不填8.that/不填9.who10.whose11.who/whom12.that/不填13.who/whom/that/不填14.that/which15.that16.whose17.that/which18.who/that19.whose20.who/whom/that