2021-2022学年上学期初中英语人教新版九年级期中必刷常考题之名词.docx

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1、2021-2022学年上学期初中英语人教新版九年级期中必刷常考题之名词一.选择题(共15小题)(2020 秋瑞安市期中)-Jenny likes sports and takes a lot of exercise every day .-So she does. She is always full of.()A. experience B. energyC. influenceD. success(2020 秋石家庄期中)It was a pity that the traffic accident had a great on the ladys life.()A. interviewB

2、. influenceC. directionD. introduction(2020 秋南岗区期中)-The new morning are popular in our school.-Yes , we dance to the fun music You Have a Pretty Smile.()A. examinationsB. exercisesC. expressions(2020 秋太原期中)Telling our private information to the may make us get into trouble.()A. relativesB. strangers

3、C. partners(2020 秋南平期中)If you can speak English well, you will have a great when lookingfor a job.()A. agreementB. noticeC. advantage(2019 秋平度市期中)-Who do you admire the most?-Qian Xuesen. Hes the father of Chinese missiles (导弓单).He*s the of China.And we areto be doing our part for our country.()A. l

4、eader, prideB. proud, proudC. pride, proudD. general, pride(2020 秋凌海市期中)-Good news !China,s Beidou Navigation (北斗导航)Satellite System has started to provide global service.From now on , no matter where you go , BDS will always be with you .-Is that true ? I really take in that.()考点卡片1 .不可数名词【概念】不可数名词

5、:不可数名词指不能以数目来计算,不可以分成个体的概念、状态、品质或表示物质材料的东 西.一般而言,专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词都是不可数名词.不可数名词一般没有复数 形式,表示数量时,经常要在前面加上计量名词.其结构通常为:不定冠词/基数词+计量名 词+of+不可数名词.【不可数名词的计量】.不可数名词表示数量时,可用a lot of, much, little, a little, some, no等修饰.如:I want some water.我想要一些水.类型英语汉译例子个数单 位词piece张a piece of advice; two pieces of advicedrop滴a d

6、rop of ink; three drops of inkpile堆a pile of wood; four piles of wood容器单 位词cup杯a cup of coffee; seven cups of coffeeglass(玻璃)杯a glass of milk; eight glasses of milkbottle瓶a bottle of juice; nine bottles of juicebox盒、箱a box of chalk; ten boxes of chalkbag袋a bag of flour; eleven bags of flour度量衡单位词pou

7、nd磅a pound of meat; fourteen pounds of meatkilo公斤a kilo of oil; two kilos of oil2 .不可数名词表示一定的数量时,可借助可数名词,用”a+可数名词+of+不可数名词”结构.表 示复数意义时,把可数名词变为复数形式.如:He needs two pieces of paper.他需要两张纸.2 .名词的词义辨析【概念】(1)名词名词是指人、地点、事物、行为、品质、抽象概念、感情等的名称的词.名词可分为专有名 词和普通名词两大类.(2)普通名词普通名词表示某类人或某类事物的名称.普通名词又可分为个体名词、集体名词、物质

8、名词 和抽象名词.(3)个体名词用来表示单个人或事物的名词.如:astronaut, building等.(4)集体名词用来指一群人或一些事物总称的名词.如:family, group等.(5)物质名词用来指无法分为个体的物质、材料的名词.如:water, rice等.(6)抽象名词用来指人或事物的品质、情感、状态等,抽象概念的词的名词.如:health, education等.(7)概念点拨一般地说,个体名词和集体名词是可数的,称为可数名词,有单、复数之分;物质名词和抽 象名词是不可数的,称为不可数名词,通常只有单数,但在某些具体情况下也可以用复数.3 .动名词【概念】动词:动词是表示动作或

9、状态的词.名词:名词是表示人或事物名称的词.它既可以表示具体的东西,也可以表示抽象的东西.动名词:动名词是动词-ing形式的一种,是兼有动词和名词特征的非限定动词.它可以 支配宾语,也能被副词修饰.动名词有时态和语态的变化.英语中的动名词是由动词变化而 来的.概念点拨:A.动词特征:非谓语动词可以组成动名词短语,表达动词意义;B.名词特 征:非谓语动词可以像名词一样在句中作主语、宾语等;C.动名词由动词变化而来,但归 根结底它的词性是名词.【结构】动名词的一般形式:doing.You can enjoy your time by playing football together.动名词的被动

10、形式:being done.He is proud of being asked to teach his cousin.动名词的复合结构:物主代词/名词所有格+动名词.Im thinking about my coming math exam.【用法】动名词可以在句子中充当名词所能充当的多种句子成分,具体用法如下:动名词作主语:动名词可直接位于句首作主语;当动名词结构复杂且长时,可用it作形 式主语.Learning English all by yourself is very difficult.全靠你自己学英语是很难的.动名词作宾语:某些动词和动词短语后出现非限定动词时,只能用动名词作

11、宾语,而不能 用动词不定式.常见的此类动词有:mind, enjoy, finish, avoid, practice, stop, require, suggest, keep, consider, imagine, advise, allow, be worth, be used to, be busy, cant help, lead to, keep on, look forward to, feel like, pay attention to 等等. 如: My parents enjoy talking about funny things.我的父母喜欢谈论有趣的事情.动名词作表

12、语:动名词作表语时,表语与主语通常是对等关系,位置可以互换.如:His job is taking care of the little boy. (Taking care of the little boy is his job.) 他的工作就是照看好那个小男孩.动名词做定语:动名词作定语时通常表示被修饰词的某种用途.如:They chose a house with a swimming pool.他们选择了一处带游泳池的房子.【易混淆点】名词与现在分词两者形式相同,都是动词的- ing形式并保存了动词的某些特征.作表语时,动名词与主语同指一件事,可与主语互换位置,而现在分词用以说明主语的

13、性 质,不能互换位置.如:My favorite sport is running.(表语主语可互换位置)The new teacher is coming.(表语主语位置不可换)作定语时,动名词表示所修饰词的某种用途,而现在分词表示所修饰词的性质、状态或动 作.We can go to the meeting room.(房屋的用途是开会)You cant wake a sleeping man.(睡觉是人的状态)【解题方法点拨】注意动名词作主语在特定结构中的一致性.动名词作主语,谓语动词用单数.牢记只接动名词作宾语的动词;介词(除but, except外)后面须接动名词作宾语;能 区分既可

14、接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词.当表语说明主语内容时应用动名词.【中考命题方向】中考英语试题常考查动名词作主语、宾语和表语的一般式用法以及一些动名词的固定用 法.有些词后面加不定式和动名词均可,但意义截然不容,那几个词以及两种句型的不同之 处必须牢记在心,因为这是我们经常出错的地方.4 .名词短语【概念】名词短语:在句中起名词作用的短语叫名词短语.是指由几个名词或名词及其修饰语构成的 短语.名词性短语一般可以在句子中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分.【用法】两个或多个名词可以由and等对等连词连接,构成名词短语.Men and women are equal.男人和女人是平等的.(Men and

15、women是名词短语.)冠词作修饰语,可与后面的名词构成名词短语.I dont know the man.我不认识那人.(the man是名词短语.)The the story is very interesting.()A. beginB begin withC. beginningbeginning of分析:故事的开头很有趣.解答:beginning名词,begin动词,句意:这个故事的开头很有趣.the beginning of是固定短语,意为”的开头”,故正确答案为D.名词本身作修饰语,可与后面的名词构成名词短语.He went to the bus stop.他去了车站.(the

16、bus stop是名词短语.)She bought a gas stove yesterday.昨天她买了一个煤气炉.(a gas stove是名词短语.)Im Jim Green. Im from America. Green is my.()A. full nameB family nameC. given name分析:我是吉姆格林,我来自美国,格林是我的姓.解答:根据Im Jim Green我是吉姆格林,因此格林是姓,应选B姓.A.全名,C.名字 点评:解答这类试题时,务必充分理解上下文的语境和前后文的逻辑关系,找到解题的依据, 同时正确区分选项的细微差异,准确作答.形容词作修饰语,可

17、与后面的名词构成名词短语.John Lennon, the famous singer, was killed in 1980.著名歌星约翰列侬在一九八零年被杀.(the famous singer是名词短语.)I bought a bar of chocolate.我买了一块巧克力.(a bar of chocolate是名词短语.)The book is one of his best - sellers.这本书是他的畅销书之一.(one of his best - sellers是名词短语.)例:My aunt had a pig of a day yesterday. She lost

18、 her purse and mobile phone on the street.()A. a wonderful dayB a busyC. a lucky dayan unhappy day分析:昨天我姑姑过了不高兴的一天,在大街上她丢了钱包和手机.解答:根据句子She lost her purse and mobile phone on the street (在大街上她丧失了钱包和手 机)可得知昨天她很不开心.had a pig of a day的中文意思是不高兴的一天,而unhappy day 的意思也是不高兴的一天,故答案为D.点评:这一题学生要先了解had a pig of d

19、ay的意思,然后在分析四个选项的意思,然后就 可以筛选出答案.介词及其宾语作修饰语,可与前面的名词构成名词短语.They are looking for a man without his left leg.他们在找一个缺了左腿的男人.(a man without his left leg是名词短语.)不定式或不定式短语作修饰语,可与前面的名词构成名词短语.The meeting to be held tomorrow is very important.明天要开的会很重要.(The meeting to be held是名词短语.)分词作修饰语,可与后面的名词构成名词短语.The sleep

20、ing child is his son.正在睡觉的孩子是他的儿子.(The sleeping child是名词短语.)动名词作修饰语,可与后面的名词构成名词短语.He went to the swimming pool.他去游泳池了.(the swimming pool是名词短语.)【中考命题方向】中考英语试题常考名词短语的词义辨析用法,意义相近的动词、意义不同,但容易混淆的名 词短语、名词短语的固定用法.正确区分选项的细微差异.这些是考查的重点.5.动名词短语【概念】动名词短语:动名词短语(gerundial phrase),以动名词为中心,其句子功用相当于动名词的短语.动名 词短语是:d

21、oing+名词或代词构成的.【用法】两个或多个动名词短语并列作主语的时候谓语动词是单数还是复数形式?这要看表达的是 一件事还是两件以上,如果是一件事,谓语动词是单数,如果是两件事,谓语动词是复数形 式.如: Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.Watching TV and reading books are really interesting.做主语当表示现在进行动作或存在的状态时,就用动名词短语.例: the environment is important for human beings.()A. Take

22、care ofB Taking care ofC. Took care ofD take the care of分析:保护环境对人类很重要.解答:根据该句为动词短语take care of在句中作主语,根据动词作主语用动名词形式, 故动词take应用动名词taking,故填入Taking care of,应选B.点评:动名词的形式是动词+ing,动名词从它的名称上就知道它具有动词和名词的功能,因 此它在句中,可作主语、表语、宾语、定语.要结合语境选择合适用法,注意动名词变法. 作表语My favourite is swimming. 我的最爱是游泳.作宾语例:I suggest next we

23、ek.()A. go mountain climbingB will go mountain climbingC. to go mountain climbinggoing mountain climbing分析:我建议下周去爬山.解答:根据空格前面的词语是suggest,意思是“建议”后面要跟动名词,结合给出的四个选 项.因此可知这句话的意思是“我建议下周去爬山.”只有D项的第一个词是动名词,应选D. 点评:首先要掌握这个句子的意思,然后结合具体的题目,就可以确定正确答案.做宾语补主语例:Its too cold. Would you mind me the window?But dont

24、do it now.()A. to close; SureB closing ; Good ideaclosing; Better notC. closing; Of course not分析:-天冷了,你介意关上窗子吗?-不介意,但是现在不要关.解答:根据题意可知-天冷了,你介意关上窗子吗?- -不介意,但是现在不要 关.mind+doing,故排除A;根据But可知,前面应该是同意关了 .根据句意应选D.点评:此题考查了固定句型的用法.抓住句中的关键词并联系相关的语法知识就可做出正确 答案.注意平时对此类句型用法的总结和归纳.【中考命题方向】中考英语试题常考查一些动名词短语的固定用法,结合

25、语境,选择合适的形式.注意平时句 型用法的总结和归纳.这些是考查的重点.A prideB - partC. interestD. care8 .(2020 秋大连期中)The army celebrated their with songs anddances.()A. winnerA. winnerB - victoryC. medalD. defeat9. (2019 秋陇西县期中)-How much should we pay for the meal, Frank?-Nothing. Its my.()A. treatB. dealC. billD. own(2019 秋长安区期中)P

26、lease read the carefully before you take themedicine.()A. instrumentA. instrumentB.introductionC explanationD.instruction(2019 秋济南期中)-Whats your favorite-Chemistry.()A. foodB. colorC. placeD. subject(2020 秋石家庄期中)一How do you improve your listening skills?By.()A. making word cardsB. reading a lotC. li

27、stening to tapesD. keeping a diary(2019达州)-Hello, Lucy, please give me some on how to improve my English!-Youd better keep more English books.()A. advices; readB. advice; readC. advice; readingD. advices; reading(2020 秋南岗区期中)is one of traditional Chinese art forms. It has been around for over 1, 500

28、 years. It needs scissors to finish.()A. Paper cuttingB. Square danceC. Chinese clay art(2018咸宁)-What do your parents do before?-They usually sweep away the dust (灰尘)of the old year and welcome a fresh start.()A the Lantern FestivalB. the Spring FestivalC. the Mid - autumn DayD - the Dragon Boat Fes

29、tival2021-2022学年上学期初中英语人教新版九年级期中必刷常考题之名词参考答案与试题解析一.选择题(共15小题)1. (2020 秋瑞安市期中)-Jenny likes sports and takes a lot of exercise every day .-So she does. She is always full of.()A. experience B. energyC. influenceD. success【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】-珍妮喜欢运动,每天做很多运动。-她确实是。她总是精力充分。【解答】experience经历;经验;energy精力;influe

30、nce影响;success成功。根据”珍妮 喜欢运动,每天做很多运动“可知”她总是精力充分二应选:Bo【点评】了解各选项的含义及用法,根据语境选择合适的选项。2. (2020 秋石家庄期中)It was a pity that the traffic accident had a great on the ladys life.()A. interviewB. influenceC. directionD. introduction【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】遗憾的是,交通事故对这位女士的生活产生了很大的影响。【解答】interview采访;influence影响;direction方向;

31、introduction介绍。根据句意:遗憾的是,交通事故对这位女士的生活产生了很大,填influence影响,符合语境。应选:Bo【点评】主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对名词词义的掌握。3. (2020 秋南岗区期中)-The new morning are popular in our school.一 Yes , we dance to the fun music You Have a Pretty Smile.()A. examinationsB. exercisesC expressions【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】-新的早操在我们学校很流行。-是的,我们随着有趣的音乐你笑起来

32、真好看跳舞。【解答】examinations 考试;exercises 运动、锻炼;Expressions 表达。根据 we dance to the fun music You Have a Pretty Smile”我们随着有趣的音乐你笑起来真好看跳舞”可知, morning exercises 早操”固定搭配。应选:Bo【点评】考查名词,要在理解名词意思的基础上,根据具体语境,掌握一些常识,选择 合适答案。4. (2020 秋太原期中)Telling our private information to the may make us get into trouble.()A. rela

33、tivesB. strangersC. partners【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】把我们的私人信息告诉陌生人可能会使我们陷入麻烦。【解答】relatives亲属;strangers陌生人;partners伙伴。根据常识可知把我们的私人信 息告诉陌生人可能会使我们陷入麻烦。应选:Bo【点评】了解各选项的含义及用法,根据语境选择合适的选项。5. (2020 秋南平期中)If you can speak English well, you will have a great when lookingfor a job.()A. agreementB. noticeC. advantage【考点

34、】名词的词义辨析.【分析】如果你英语讲得好,你找工作时将会有一个大的优势。【解答】agreement同意,notice注意,advantage优势,结合句意,可知如果你英语讲得 好,你找工作时将会有一个大的优势。应选:Co【点评】掌握名词的含义,结合句意作答。6. (2019 秋平度市期中)-Who do you admire the most?-Qian Xuesen. Hes the father of Chinese missiles (导弹). Hes the of China.And we areto be doing our part fbr our country.()A. le

35、ader, prideC. pride, proudA. leader, prideC. pride, proudB. proud, proudD. general, pride【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】-你最仰慕谁?-钱学森。他是中国的导弹之父。他是中国的骄傲。并且我们为我们是国家的一员感到 骄傲。【解答】考查名词词义辨析。leader领导人。pride名词,骄傲。proud形容词,骄傲的。 general 一般的。proud of的骄傲。系动词are后跟形容词proud做表语。应选:Co【点评】考查名词词义辨析,要记忆常用名词含义,结合句意作答。7. (2020 秋凌海市期中)-Go

36、od news !Chinas Beidou Navigation (北斗导航)Satellite System has started to provideglobal service.From now on , no matter where you go ,BDS will always be with you .-Is that true ? I really take in that.()A. prideB. partC. interestD. care【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】-好消息!中国的北斗卫星导航系统已经开始提供全球服务。从现在开始,无论 你走到哪里,北斗都会与你同在

37、。-这是真的吗?我真的为此感到自豪。【解答】pride骄傲;自豪;part局部;interest兴趣;care关心。根据”国的北斗卫星导航 系统已经开始提供全球服务。从现在开始,无论你走到哪里,北斗都会与你同在“可知” 我真的为此感到自豪”。应选:Ao【点评】了解各选项的含义及用法,根据语境选择合适的选项。8. (2020 秋大连期中)The army celebrated their with songs and dances.()A. winnerB. victoryC. medalD. defeat【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】军队用歌舞来庆祝他们的胜利.【解答】A表示赢家,B表示胜利

38、,C表示奖章,D表示打败.根据题干可知军队用歌舞来庆祝他们的胜利,那么应用victory.应选:B.【点评】此题考查名词辨析,基础题,熟悉选项的含义,再根据题干既可作出选择.9. (2019 秋陇西县期中)-How much should we pay for the meal, Frank?-Nothing. Its my.()A. treatB. dealC. billD. own【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】-这顿饭我们该付多少钱,弗兰克?一分也不用付.我请客.【解答】treat请客;款待;deal约定;bill账单;own自己的.问句询问”这顿饭我们该 付多少钱,弗兰克? ”根据答语

39、的“一分也不用付.“可知“我请客。应选:A.【点评】了解各选项的含义,根据语境选择合适的选项.10. (2019 秋长安区期中)Please read the carefully before you take the medicine.()A. instrumentB. introductionC. explanationD. instruction【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】吃药前请仔细阅读说明书.【解答】instrument 工具,introduction 介绍,explanation 解释,instruction 说明,结合意 思:吃药前请仔细阅读说明书.应选:D.【点评】此题考查

40、名词词义辨析,熟知选项中名词意思与用法,结合语境,仔细分析, 可得出答案.11. (2019 秋济南期中)-Whats your favorite ?-Chemistry.()A. foodB. colorC. placeD. subject【考点】名词的词义辨析.【分析】-你最喜欢的科目是什么?-化学.【解答】A表示食物,B表示颜色,C表示地方,D表示科目.根据题干中的回答可知此处询问你最喜欢的科目是什么.应选:D.【点评】此题考查名词辨析,基础题,熟悉选项的含义,再根据题干进行选择.12. (2020 秋石家庄期中)一How do you improve your listening sk

41、ills?By.()A. making word cardsB. reading a lotC. listening to tapesD. keeping a diary【考点】动名词短语.【分析】一你如何提高你的听力技能?一通过听磁带。【解答】making word cards制单词卡;reading a lot大量的阅读;listening to tapes听录 音,听磁带;keeping a diary写日记。根据语境,可知是问如何提高你的听力技能,因此 是听磁带。应选:Co【点评】辨析短语的含义,结合语境,给出答案。13. (2019达州)-Hello, Lucy, please gi

42、ve me some on how to improve my English!-Youd better keep more English books.()A. advices; readB. advice; readC. advice; readingD. advices; reading【考点】不可数名词;动名词.【分析】-你好,露西,关于如何提高我的英语请给我一些建议.-你最好坚持读英语书.【解答】根据句意:-你好,露西,关于如何提高我的英语请给我一些建议.-你最好 坚持读英语书.advice是不可数名词,没有复数形式;keep doing sth坚持做某事.应选:C.【点评】熟悉不可

43、数名词的用法,结合题意,给出答案.14. (2020 秋南岗区期中)is one of traditional Chinese art forms. It has been around for over 1, 500 years. It needs scissors to finish.()B Square danceA Paper cuttingC. Chinese clay art【考点】名词短语.【分析】剪纸是中国传统艺术形式之一。它已经存在了 1500多年,它需要剪刀才能完成。【解答】A剪纸B广场舞C中国黏土艺术,根据句意”它需要剪刀才能完成 应选:Ao【点评】此题紧扣课本知识,不错

44、。15. (2018咸宁)-What do your parents do before?-They usually sweep away the dust (灰尘)of the old year and welcome a fresh start.()A the Lantern FestivalB the Spring FestivalC. the Mid - autumn DayD. the Dragon Boat Festival【考点】名词短语.【分析】-你的父母在春节之前做什么?-他们通常清扫过去一年的灰尘,迎接一个新的开始.【解答】the Lantern Festival 元宵节;the Spring Festival 春节;the Mid - autumn Day 中秋 节;the Dragon Boat Festival 端午节.根据“They usually swe叩 away the dust (灰尘)of the old year and welcome a fresh start. ”因此可知这句话的意思是-你的父母在春节之前做 什么? - -他们通常清扫过去一年的灰尘,迎接一个新的开始.”应选:Bo【点评】首先要掌握这几个名词短语的意思,然后结合具体的题目,就可以确定正确答 案.

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