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1、完形填空（一）There are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece. The one most widely accepted today is based on the assumption that drama _16_ from ritual. The argument for this _17_ goes as follows. In the beginning, human beings viewed the natural forces of the world even the seasona
2、l changes as _18_, and they _19_ through various means to control these unknown and feared powers. Those _20_ which appeared to bring the desired results were then retained and repeated _21_ they hardened into fixed rituals. Eventually stories arose which explained or veiled the mysteries of the rit
3、es. As time passed some rituals were _22_, but the stories, later called myths, persisted and provided material for art and drama. Those who believe that drama evolved out of ritual also argue that those rites _23_ the seed of theater because music, dance, masks, and costumes were almost always used
4、. _24_, a suitable _25_ had to be provided for performances and when the entire community did not participate, a clear _26_ was usually made between the “acting area” and the “auditorium”. In addition, there were performers, and, since considerable importance was attached to _27_ mistakes in the ena
5、ctment of rites, religious leaders _28_ assumed that task. Wearing masks and costumes, they often _29_ other people, animals, or supernatural beings, and mimed the desired effect success in hunt or battle, the coming rain, the revival of the Sun as an _30_ might. Eventually such _31_ representations
6、 were separated from religious activities. Another theory _32_ the theaters origin from the human interest in storytelling. According to this view, tales (about the hunt, war, or other feats) are gradually _33_, at first through the use of impersonation, action, and dialogue by a narrator and then t
7、hrough the _34_ of each of the roles by a different person. A closely related _35_ traces theater to those dances that are primarily rhythmical and gymnastic or that are imitations of animal movements and sounds.16. A. evolvedB. differedC. datedD. resulted17. A. choiceB. viewC. principleD. suggestio
8、n18.A. unfavorableB. unpredictableC. unspeakableD. unreliable精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 6 页19. A. demanded B. affordedC. soughtD. swore20. A. decisionsB. themesC. traditionsD. measures21. A. afterB. untilC. becauseD. although22. A. heldB. enrichedC. abandonedD. preserved23.
9、 A. containedB. replacedC. expandedD. altered24. A. HoweverB. InsteadC. ThereforeD. Furthermore25. A. siteB. tool C. galleryD. hall26. A. fenceB. gestureC. optionD. division27. A. makingB. avoidingC. correctingD. discovering28. A. usuallyB. seldomC. neverD. occasionally29. A. discussedB. mockedC. im
10、personatedD. contradicted30. A. authorB. interviewerC. employerD. actor31. A. politicalB. dramaticC. realisiticD. imaginative32. A. protectsB. separatesC. tracesD. removes33. A. fixedB. forgottenC. elaboratedD. highlighted34. A. selectionB. observationC. recognitionD. assumption35. A. theoryB. planC
11、. eventD. possibility完形填空（一）：16. A。考查动词辨析。 本句意为：一个最普遍为人接受的理论假设认为戏剧从仪式演化而来。evolved from 由演化而来， differed from 与不同，dated from追溯至， resulted from 由引起。17. B。考查名词辨析。 choice 选择，view 观点，principle 原则，suggestion建议。此处的 view 与上文中的 theories属于近义词复现。18. B。考查形容词辨析。 本句意为： 人类把世界上的自然力量，甚至季节的变化都看成是不可预料的。 unfavorable 不利的
12、，unpredictable不可预料的，unspeakable难以说出口的、不可说的，unreliable 不可靠的。19. C。考查动词辨析。 demanded要求， afforded 经得起， sought 试图、谋求，swore 发誓。20. D。考查名词辨析。 decisions决定，themes主题，traditions 传统，measures措施。此处的 measures与上文中的 means亦构成同义词复现。21. B。考查连词辨析。 本句意为：那些似乎带来了满意结果的手段就被保留下来并且重复直到这些手段固化为不变的仪式。22. C。考查动词辨析。本句意为：随着时间的推移，一些仪
13、式被废弃了，但这些精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 6 页后来被称作神话的故事流传下来并且为艺术和戏剧提供了素材。held 举行，enriched丰富， abandoned抛弃， preserved保存。此处的 abandoned与下文中的persisted存在转折关系。23. A。考查动词辨析。 本句意为：认为戏剧从仪式演化而来的人们还认为那些仪式包含了戏剧的基本因素。 contained包含， replaced替代， expanded使变大，altered改变。24. D。考查副词辨析。前后存在递进关系。25. A。考
14、查名词辨析。 site场所， tool 工具， gallery 展览馆， hall 礼堂。26. D。考查名词辨析。本句意为：如果不是整个社区共同参加演出，经常在“演出区”和“观众席”之间划分出明显的分界。fence围墙，gesture手势，option 选择，division 分界线。27. B。考查动词辨析。 making 使出现或产生， avoiding 避免， correcting改正，discovering发现。28. A。考查副词辨析。 本句意为： 宗教领袖通常承担演出任务， 因为在仪式的执行中避免错误的发生被认为有相当大的重要性。29. C。考查动词辨析。 discussed讨论
15、，mocked 嘲笑、嘲弄，impersonated扮演，contradicted反驳。30. D。考查名词辨析。 author 作者，interviewer 采访者，employer 雇主，actor演员。31. B. 考查形容词辨析。 本句意为： 最后这些戏剧性的表演从宗教活动中分离了出来。political 政治的，dramatic 戏剧性的，realisitic 现实主义的， imaginative 富于想像力的、运用想像力的。32. C。考查动词辨析。 protects保护，separates分离，traces追溯、探索，removes 移除。33. C。考查动词辨析。本句意为：根据
16、这个观点，故事（关于狩猎、战争或者其它伟绩）是逐渐丰富起来的。 fixed 固定，forgotten 遗忘，elaborated 发挥，详细阐述， highlighted 强调。34. D。考查名词辨析。 selection选择，observation观察，recognition 识别、承认、认可， assumption承担、担任。35. A。考查名词辨析。 本句意为：另一个与之紧密相关的理论将戏剧的起源追溯至舞蹈，这些舞蹈大体上是有节奏感的和体操式的那一类，或者是对动物动作和声音的模仿。 theory 理论， plan 计划， event事件， possibility 可能性。精选学习资料
17、- - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 6 页完形填空（二）People appear to be born to compute. The numerical skills of children _16_ so early and so inexorably that it is easy to imagine an internal clock of _17_ maturity guiding their growth. Not long after learning to walk and talk, they can set the
18、 table with _18_ one knife, one spoon, one fork, for each of the five chairs. Soon they are _19_ of noting that they have placed five knives, spoons and forks on the _20_ and, a bit later, that this _21_ to fifteen pieces of silverware. Having _22_ mastered addition, they move on to subtraction. It
19、seems almost _23_ to expect that if a child were secluded on a desert island at birth and retrieved seven years later, he or she could _24_ a second-grade mathematics class without any serious problems of intellectual _25_. Of course, the truth is not so simple. This century, the work of cognitive p
20、sychologists has _26_ the subtle forms of daily learning on which _27_ progress depends. Children were _28_ as they slowly grasped or, as the case might be, _29_ into concepts that adults take for granted, as they refused, for instance, to _30_ that quantity is unchanged as water pours from a short
21、stout glass into a tall thin one. Psychologists have since demonstrated that young children, asked to _31_ the pencils in a pile, _32_ report the number of blue or red pencils, but must be _33_ into finding the total. Such studies have suggested that the rudiments of mathematics are mastered _34_, a
22、nd with effort. They have also _35_ that the very concept of abstract numbers the idea of a oneness, a twoness, a threeness that applies to any class of objects and is a prerequisite for doing anything more mathematically demanding than setting a table is itself far from innate.16. A. disappearB. de
23、velopC. deteriorateD. decline17. A. mentalB. physicalC. mathematicalD. linguistic18. A. accuracyB. prideC. confidenceD. caution19. A. afraidB. capableC. ashamedD. tired20. A. plateB. bowlC. tableclothD. table21. A. amountsB. addsC. happensD. adapt22. A. otherwiseB. thusC. alreadyD. basically23. A. r
24、idiculousB. unbelievableC. reasonableD. impossible精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 6 页24. A. teachB. enterC. manageD. form25. A. assessmentB. examinationC. classificationD. adjustment26. A. revealedB. ignoredC. affectedD. adopted27. A. emotionalB. psychologicalC. intellectualD. a
25、cademic28. A. observedB. controlledC. raisedD. separated29. A. brokeB. lookedC. bumpedD. changed30. A. admitB. confirmC. declareD. deny31. A. gatherB. distinguishC. sharpenD. count32. A. delightedlyB. reluctantlyC. loudlyD. readily33. A. frightenedB. coaxedC. persuadedD. cheated34. A. quicklyB. purp
26、oselyC. graduallyD. accidentally35. A. presumedB. suggestedC. protestedD. insisted完形填空（二） ：16. B。考查动词辨析。 disappear消失， develop 发展， deteriorate 恶化、退化， decline 衰落、衰退。17. C。考查形容词辨析。本句意为： 孩子们使用数字的技能发展得如此之早和如此必然，很容易让人想象有一个内在的精确而成熟的数字钟在指导他们的成长。mental 精神上的，physical 身体上的， mathematical 数学上的， linguistic 语言的、语言
27、上的。 此处的 mathematical也跟 numerical 存在对应关系。18. A。考查名词辨析。 本句意为： 孩子们在学会走路和说话后不久，就能以令人惊叹的准确布置桌子五把椅子前面分别摆上一把刀、一个汤匙、一把叉子。accuracy 精确、准确，pride 自豪， confidence 信心， caution 谨慎、小心。19. B。考查形容词辨析。afraid 害怕的， capable 有能力的， ashamed 羞愧的， tired 厌倦的。20. D。考查名词辨析。本句意为： 很快地， 他们就能知道他们已在桌面上摆放了五把刀、五个汤匙、五把叉子。plate 盘子， bowl 碗
28、， tablecloth 桌布， table 桌子。此处的table 属于原词复现。21. A。考查动词辨析。amount to 总计、共计，add to 使（数量）增加、使（规模）扩大，happen to 遭到、遇到，adapt to适应。22. B。考查副词辨析。本句意为：如此这般地掌握了加法之后，他们又转向减法。23. C。考查形容词辨析。本句意为： 有一种设想几乎顺理成章，那就是，即使一个孩子一出生就被隔绝到荒岛上，七年后返回世间，也能直接上小学二年级的数学课。ridiculous可笑的、荒谬的， unbelievable 难以置信的，reasonable合情合理的、适当的，impos
29、sible 不可能精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 6 页的。24. B。考查动词辨析。teach 教授、教导，enter 进入， manage管理、负责，form 组建、形成。25. D。考查名词辨析。 原句的基本意思是孩子能直接上小学二年级的数学课，而不会碰到任何智力调整方面的大麻烦。assessment评估、评价， examination 检查、检测，classification 分级， adjustment 调整。26. A。考查动词辨析。 本句意为： 本世纪认知心理学家的工作已经揭示了智力发展所依赖的日常学习的微
30、妙形式。revealed 揭示， ignored 忽视， affected 影响， adopted 采纳、采用。27. C。考查形容词辨析。emotional 情绪上的， psychological 心理上的， intellectual 智力上的， academic学业的，学术的。此处的intellectual 属于原词复现。28. A。考查动词辨析。本句意为：observed 观察， controlled 控制， raised 抚养， separated分开。29. C。考查动词辨析。broke into 闯入， looked into 调查、审查， bumped into（偶然）碰到、遇见
31、， changed into 变成。30. A。 考查动词辨析。 他们观察到孩子们缓慢掌握那些成年人认为理所当然的概念的过程，或者是孩子们偶然遇到这些概念的过程。他们也观察到孩子们拒绝承认某些常识的情况。比如：孩子们拒绝承认当水从短而粗的瓶中倒入细而长的瓶子中时，水的数量没有变化。admit承认， confirm 证实、证明， declare 宣布、声明， deny 否认、否定。31. D。考查动词辨析。gather 收集， distinguish ，区分，辨别， sharpen使变锋利，count计数。32. D。考查副词辨析。 delightedly 欣喜地、高兴地， reluctantl
32、y 不情愿地、勉强地，loudly 高声地、吵闹地，readily 快捷地、轻而易举地。33. B。考查动词辨析。 本句意为：心理学家们而后又展示一个例子，即：让孩子们数一堆铅笔时， 他们能顺利地报出蓝铅笔或红铅笔的数目，但却需诱导才能报出总的数目。frightened恐吓， coaxed诱导、哄劝，persuaded说服， cheated欺骗。34. C。 考查副词辨析。 本句意为： 此类研究表明： 数学基础是经过逐渐努力后掌握的。quickly快速地， purposely 故意地， gradually 逐渐地， accidentally 偶然地。35. B。考查动词辨析。本句意为： 他们还表示抽象的数字概念，如可表示任何一类物品并且是在做比摆桌子有更高数学要求的任何事时都必备的一、二、三意识， 远远不是天生就具备的。 presumed假定， suggested表明、表示， protested 申辩、抗议，insisted 坚持认为。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 6 页